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Geography Worksheets, Lesson Plans, Printables

Foster global awareness in your class with U.S. and world geography printables, lessons, and references. Teach students about oceans and landforms with science activities and mapping resources. There are plenty of crossword puzzles and quizzes to test your students' knowledge of the earth's surface. Map and geography skills may be used in many subject areas including language arts, math, and history. These social studies resources can enhance any curriculum for kindergarten through twelfth grade.

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Find the Oceans and Continents

Printables for Grades K-5

Build your students map reading and identification skills with these various activities that cover maps of the entire world. These visual representations of parts of the world will help your students discover without having to leave the classroom! These resources are geared toward grades K-5.

  • U.S. Map with State Capitals
  • Find the Continents and Oceans
  • United States Map (Outline)
  • Outline Map of Asia
  • World Map (Black and White)
  • Africa Mapping Activity
  • Map of Southeast United States
  • More Popular Geography Printables

Printables for Grades 6-8

Go deeper with your study with these printable maps of different parts of the world. Whether you are completing a comprehensive study of the United States or another country, or you just want to focus on a particular subsection, these worksheets will help students in the moment during your lessons as well as a resource to study for their quizzes as well.

  • Geography Quiz: State Capitals
  • Map of Midwest United States
  • Map of Northeast United States

Printables for Grades 9-12

Use these resources for a general study of different countries or modify them to target a specific historical period or political movement that you want to focus on with your students. These maps can be a useful resource or study guide as students move toward learning more higher order concepts and retaining more historical information throughout the upper grades.

  • Map of North America
  • Political Map of Europe
  • Geography Quiz: True or False

Lesson Plans

Use these comprehensive lesson plans to fully develop an individual, geographical concepts, or historical periods of time that you want to focus on with your students. Within each lesson, you will be guided on how to complete the lesson with students as well as provided different questions, discussions, or activities to help students deeply understand the topic under study.

  • PowerPoint Postcards Presentation
  • Latitude and Longitude
  • Chart Columbus's Voyages
  • Australia Poster
  • Pilgrim Unit (7 lessons)
  • What Are the Modern Olympic Games?
  • Map Making, Floor Plans & Map Reading
  • More Popular Geography Lesson Plans

Printable Geography Quizzes

Tired of making your own geography quizzes? Who says you have to? Review the different quizzes in this section to use as the perfect complement to your lessons and activities. You can use these quizzes as is or can modify them to better meet your teaching style or the needs of your classroom.

  • Quiz: Southeast United States
  • Quiz: Southwest U.S. State Capitals
  • Quiz: The United States: West Region
  • Quiz: Western U.S. State Capitals
  • More Printable Geography Quizzes

Maps and Globes Resources

Use these printable map outlines or review the Practicing Map Skills activity to help your students learn about the different geographic features of various places around the world. These maps can be used again and again and are great resources to help student keep track of the constantly changing world.

  • Practicing Map Skills
  • Map of U.S. Regions
  • Map Library
  • More Popular Maps and Globes Resources

Geography Games & Puzzles

Need an interactive game to help reinforce your students' understanding of a geographical unit? This section is the one for you. Whether you want to teach students initial map skills by creating your own map of your classroom, or help them remember the different features that can be used when viewing a map, these printable games will make learning fun for your students.

  • Find the State
  • A Geography Wordsearch
  • Magnificent Maps: Neighborhood Map
  • Globe Wordsearch
  • Name That Country
  • Magnificent Maps: Classroom Map
  • Magnificent Maps: Community Map
  • More Geography Games & Puzzles

Technology Resources for Geography

Build your students inquiry, research, and discussion skills with these geographical technology resources. In this section, students will be responsible for investigating the world's wonders and reporting on their findings.

  • Wonders of the World Questions
  • Wonders of the World
  • Researching Our National Parks
  • Fantasy Vacation
  • How Far Is It?
  • More Technology Resources for Geography

U.S. Geography Resources

Use these printable maps to teach a comprehensive study of the geographical makeup of the United States. Students can keep these maps as study tools when looking back on a full year's study of the U.S. or just as a quick reference during a topic or concept.

  • Map of Western United States
  • Map of Southwest United States
  • United States Maps Gallery
  • Map Library of the United States
  • More Popular U.S. Geography Resources

World Geography Resources

Use these printable maps to teach a comprehensive study of the geographical makeup of the the world. Students can keep these maps as study tools when looking back on a full year's study of the world. or just as a quick reference during a topic or concept.

  • World Geography Glossary
  • Longest Street in the World
  • World Maps Gallery
  • Sailing Around the World
  • Mountains of the World Quiz
  • More Popular World Geography Resources

Political Geography Resources

Help your students keep track of all the political affiliations during different historical periods with these resources. In this section, you can use printable maps, interactive books and slideshows, or just reinforce their understanding of geographical topic with various quizzes.

  • Map Library of the World
  • Maps & Activities Printables Slideshow
  • Maps & Activities Printable Book (Grades 4-12)
  • Continents of the World
  • Capitals of the World Quiz
  • Major Cities and Rivers in Russia
  • Mason and Dixon's Line
  • More Political Geography Resources

Looking to build your geographical resource library? This section can provide you a wealth of resources ranging from lesson plans, various charts and maps, or just some fun information or facts on the different parts of the world.

  • Origin of U.S. State Names
  • Oceans and Seas
  • Just Where Was Columbus?
  • Languages by Country
  • Columbus's Voyages
  • Fifty Fun Facts About the Fifty U.S. States
  • State Capitals and Largest Cities for Each State
  • More Popular Geography References

Geography Skill Builders

Uses these Skill Builder guides to help students learn research skills and discover fun facts about geography. Each guide divides into different activities according to your individual classrooms grade level so it can be a resource that you use for any classroom. It also is completed weekly so this be a great compliment to your daily lessons, review sessions, or even as homework activities for your students.

  • Skill Builders: Geography Challenge Questions, Week 1
  • Skill Builders: Geography Challenge Questions, Week 2
  • Skill Builders: Geography Challenge Questions, Week 3
  • Skill Builders: Geography Challenge Questions, Week 4
  • Skill Builders: Geography Challenge Questions, Week 9
  • Skill Builders: Geography Challenge Questions, Week 20
  • Skill Builders: Geography Challenge Questions, Week 28
  • More Geography Skill Builders

Geography Resources for History Class

Use these resources to help students learn about the geography from different historical periods or important events. In this section, you have access to different lesson plans, printable maps, interactive activities, and classroom guides for discussions. These resources can be kept as is or can be modified to be better for your individual teaching style or classroom needs.

  • Mapping the War: World War II
  • German Nazi Takeover: 1933-1944
  • Countries Quiz
  • Triangular Trade in the Atlantic Ocean
  • More Popular Geography Resources for History Class

Earth Science & Geography Connected

Planning a cross-curricular study with your fellow teachers? Or just trying to help students understand how geography is formed? This section will provide you for a little bit of both! In this section, you have access to different comprehension resources that outline the causes and effects of natural disasters and how that has developed the geography from the past to today.

  • Ocean Pollution
  • What's the Solution to Ocean Pollution?
  • Chart of the Water Cycle
  • Time Zones Around the World
  • Weather Words
  • Plate Tectonics Test
  • More Popular Geography Activities for Earth Science Class

Math & Geography Connected

Planning a cross-curricular study with the other teachers in various content areas? Or just trying to help students understand map reading and geography skills? This section will help you prepare for any objective or goal you have for your students. Use the different printable maps, lesson plans, or graphic organizers to build students comprehension and map-reading skills by focusing on topics such as time zones and latitude and longitude.

  • Coordinate Grids (Gr. 3)
  • Time Zones in the U.S.
  • Making Choices: Decision Making (Gr. 6)
  • Reading a Map
  • Colorful World Map
  • Map of the United States
  • More Popular Geography Activities for Math Class

Language Arts & Geography Connected

Build your students reading comprehension and map reading skills with these different activities. In this section, students connect their understanding of different geographic features with their own previous knowledge and experiences. Each resource is a perfect complement to any part of your lesson, as a resource for students to use to remember key concepts, or as supplemental work to assess student understanding.

  • Read the Map
  • Geography Reading Warm-Up: Rainforests
  • State Scavenger Hunt
  • The Oceans of the World
  • Matching Animal Habitats
  • Mount Everest Timeline
  • More Popular Language Arts Activities for Geography

Art Activities for Geography

Use these activities to add an artistic spin to learning geography. Students can create their own geographical tools, create cultural artifacts of individuals from a different country, or design different geographic maps of countries around the world. These activities can be used as is or modified to better suit the needs of students in your classroom.

  • Compass Rose
  • Maps and Globes Book
  • Kente Cloth
  • Dora the Explorer Map (English)
  • A Bedroom Map
  • More Art Activities for Geography

Earth Day Activities

Build your students understanding of this important day with different resources that highlights the importance of taking care of our Earth. In this section, students can review the different economic resources that are pivotal to human survival, the different ways we take care of resources, and much more!

  • Geographical Highs, Lows, and Boundaries of the U.S.
  • Science, Technology, and Society: Clean Machine
  • National Park System of the United States
  • Rivers of the United States
  • Glaciers: Ice That Flows
  • Economic Resources
  • National Scenic Trails
  • More Earth Day Teacher Resources

Wildlife Week Resources

Use these literature/teacher guides to review with students the different types of wildlife that live in various places around the world. These guides can compliment any content area and will help your students improve their reading comprehension and geography skills. Use them as is or adapt them to best fit your classroom.

  • On the Far Side of the Mountain
  • Kingfisher Knowledge Guide: Dangerous Creatures Teacher's Guide
  • Columbus Day Activities

Use these lessons or activities in this section to help students learn about Christopher Columbus's voyage and exploration of America. These activities can be kept as is or modified to fit your individual teaching style or the needs of your students.

  • More Columbus Day Teacher Resources

Native American Resources

Help students understand that studying geography means studying the individuals that live in those different regions as well. By reviewing the lives and culture of Native Americans, students can connect their geographical skills to deeper higher order thinking ones

  • Native American Life on the Great Plains
  • Native American Tribes of the Great Plains
  • More American Indians & Native Americans - Teacher Resources

Voyages & Travels Resources

Use these different resources with your students to discuss the concepts of voyages and traveling. In this section are different visual maps, lesson plans, reading comprehension activities, and much more! These activities can be used in their current form or modified to better serve the needs of your classroom.

  • First Hot-Air Balloon Flight
  • Planning for the Voyage - Pilgrim Study Unit (Lesson 1 of 7)
  • Historical Fiction Reading Warm-Up: The Christmas Gift
  • Seeing the World Sub Kit (Grades 7-8)
  • Peary, Henson, and the North Pole
  • More Popular Voyages & Travel Resources

Ocean Resources

Need some inspiration for teaching your students about the Earth's oceans? Well look no further! Whether it's full comprehensive lesson plans, printable map activities, game worksheets, or resource guides for geographical features, this is the section for you. These activities are great as they are or can be adapted to the characteristics of your classroom.

  • Earth's Oceans
  • An Ocean Adventure Sub Kit (Grades 3-4)
  • What Are Ocean Currents?
  • Modeling Climates
  • Length of the U.S. Coastline by State
  • Word Search: The World's Oceans
  • Crossing the Atlantic by Rowboat
  • More Oceans Teacher Resources

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FREE Poetry Worksheet Bundle! Perfect for National Poetry Month.

13 Unexpected and Fun Geography Lessons To Enhance Your Curriculum

Students can travel across the globe without leaving the classroom!

geography assignment 3rd week

With the right geography lesson, students can travel around the world without ever leaving the classroom. Teachers of any grade and subject can incorporate geography into their curriculum to help students gain a global perspective and understand the world around them. From students learning to locate different cities, states, and countries on a map to understanding time zones and where their clothing comes from, we asked teachers to share their favorite tips and fun geography lessons to inspire students’ curiosity about the world. Here’s what they had to say:

1. Hold a mock geography bee.

Fun Geography Games National Geographic Kahoot!

Fourth graders in Ashley Peterson’s class often play Kahoot! before dismissal. She recently held a mock geography bee using Kahoot! to teach geography concepts and help kids prep for the National Geographic GeoBee . National Geographic has multiple geography-themed Kahoot! games available, with topics including State Stats, Source to Sea, and The First Americans. Learn how to use Kahoot! for a mock geography bee in your classroom .

2. Explore the world through pen pals.

Set up a pen pal exchange with a teacher in another city or country to help kids practice their writing skills while gaining a global perspective. Bring the experience to life by ending the year with a Skype chat where kids can finally “meet” their pen pals.

3. Put up a wall of clocks.

geography assignment 3rd week

Help students start to understand the geography of time zones by putting up a wall of clocks in your classroom. Set one clock to universal time and label it Greenwich, England. Choose a variety of major cities throughout the US and the world to label the other clocks and set them accordingly. Point out the clocks at different times throughout the school day. For example, in the morning when students in your class are just starting school, talk about what students in other time zones might be doing. You can also use the clocks as a starting point to explain how longitude and time zones are related.

4. Travel with technology.

Technology teacher Melinda Klecker teaches fun geography lessons by having her students design travel brochures. She asks students to select different states. They each research their chosen state and two cities in it to include in the brochure. It’s a great way to incorporate writing, technology, graphic design, and geography into a single project.

5. Put the world into perspective with Google Earth.

Anytime fourth grade teacher Julia McIntyre talks about her personal travels, she uses Google Earth to show students the distance between their school and her destination. “It really puts it into perspective for them,” she says. Now you can also use Google Earth to follow National Geographic Explorers , including those working to protect the oceans through National Geographic’s Pristine Seas initiative. Josh Williams’ students explore the Pristine Seas program and use Google Earth to analyze how places around the world have changed over time.

6. Create autobiographical island maps.

Fun Geography Idea Autobiography Island

Students in Amy Getty’s sixth grade class start off the year by creating maps of islands that illustrate their lives. They first fill out an autobiographical survey and then use their creativity and knowledge of landforms and symbols to design their maps.

7. Play a global game of hide and seek.

Mystery Class , which Christina Michelle plans to try with her students next year, includes fun geography lessons that help kids understand longitude and latitude while learning about continents, countries, and cities around the world. Kids start by gathering data about Earth, based on latitude, longitude, and seasonal changes in sunlight. Then they investigate clues and compare their data, narrowing down their search to find 10 secret sites around the globe.

8. Map character journeys.

When teaching about literary settings, Jessica Brookes suggests having kids create a map of the main character’s travels throughout the story, including a title, scale, key, and compass rose. Reading specialist Melody Arnett says a simple way she incorporates geography is by helping her class figure out where in the world each book they read takes place. “Sometimes it’s obvious … ‘This is a folktale from Thailand,’” she says, “and sometimes we infer based on clues from the story.”

9. Study the geography of ocean currents.

In this activity , students use maps to learn about ocean currents, research case studies of ocean spills, and discuss the role of oceanographers.

10. Engage fast finishers.

Here’s an idea to keep your fast finishers actively learning after they’ve finished their classwork. Runa Zaman suggests photocopying a stack of blank world maps and asking kids to label them. Students can even receive extra credit or a small prize based on the number of countries they label correctly.

11. Map your classroom.

geography assignment 3rd week

Introduce spatial concepts without ever leaving the classroom. You can practice with familiar places, using this National Geographic activity to help your students understand the world around them—starting with their own classroom.

12. Hold the whole world in your hands.

Play Throw the Globe by tossing a beach-ball-sized inflatable globe around the classroom. When a student catches it, they must tell the class which continent or ocean their right thumb is touching. If they know something about the location, they can also share it with the class.

13. Get to know foods around the world.

geography assignment 3rd week

Are your students hungry for knowledge about the world’s food production? National Geographic’s MapMaker Interactive layers show leading crop production by country on an interactive map. Challenge your students to think about what the map doesn’t show—like where crops may grow in the future or where the crops travel when they are exported.

13 Unexpected and Fun Geography Lessons to Enhance Your Curriculum

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3RD TERM SS2 GEOGRAPHY SCHEME OF WORK AND NOTE

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THIRD TERM E-LEARNING NOTE

SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY   CLASS: SS2

SCHEME OF WORK

1 REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK/SETTLEMENT

  • 3RD TERM SS2 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SCHEME OF WORK AND NOTE
  • 3RD TERM SS2 BIOLOGY SCHEME OF WORK AND NOTE

2  GEO-POLITICAL ISSUES (LAND RECLAMATION):   AFFORESTATION, CONSTRUCTION OF BARRIERS, SAND FILLING, CONSTRUCTION OF DRAINAGE AND CONTROL OF EROSION

3 GIS (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM)

4 AFRICA: LOCATION, POSITION, SIZE AND POLITICAL DIVISION

5 AFRICA: RELIEF AND DRAINAGE

6 AFRICA: CLIMTE AND VEGETATION

7 LUMBERING IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA (ZAIRE AND NIGERIA)

8 IRRIGATION AGRICULTURE IN NILE BASIN AND THE NIGER BASIN

9 PLANTATION AGRICULTURE IN WEST AND EAST AFRICA

10 FRUIT FARMING IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGIONS OF AFRICA

11 REVISION

12 EXAMINATION

Essential Geography for Senior Secondary Schools by O.A. Iwena

REVISION/SETTLEMENT INTERACTIONS

INTER-DEPENDENCE BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENTS

Urban and rural settlements depend on each other for their continuous existence

A .  Dependence of Urban Settlement on Rural Settlement

The rural areas perform the following functions for the urban centres.

(1)  Provision of Food: Urban areas like cities and large towns depend on rural areas for food stuff like yam, plantain beans, cassava, tomatoes etc.

(2)  Unskilled Labour Supply: So many unskilled labour in urban areas are supplied by the rural areas due to the low level of most people in the rural area.

(3)  Medicinal herbs: Pharmaceutical companies in cities depend on the rural areas for the supply of medicinal herbs and roots.

(4)  Industrial Raw Materials: Raw materials like latex, cocoa, cotton etc. Needed by manufacturing industries are supplied from rural areas to the industries in urban areas:

However, some problem s that limit the performance of the rural areas to perform these functions include:

(i)  Rural – Urban Migration

(ii)  Increasing literacy level by rural dwellers.

(iii)  Lack of agricultural lands to farm

(iv)  Technological development which makes the whole world a global village.

(v)  Natural disaster like soil erosion, flooding etc.

B .  Ways the Rural Settlements depend on Urban Settlements

 The urban centres perform the following functions for the rural areas:

(1)  Manufactured good such as the supply of processed food like milk, sugar, bread, drugs etc.

(2)  Market: Urban areas like Lagos and Ibadan provide markets for agricultural products from rural areas

(3)  Employment e.g. to skilled and unskilled labour from rural areas.

(4)  Higher Education: Rural areas depend on urban areas for higher education such as universities polytechnics etc.

(5)  Capital Flow: There is always a flow of capital from urban to rural areas e.g. the flow of currencies, trade and commerce including shares and stocks.

(6)  Information: Radio, television, news papers etc usually disseminate information from the urban areas to the rural areas.

(7)  Medical Services: Rural areas enjoy medical services from urban areas such include: the services of Teaching and Specialist Hospital, General Hospitals etc.

(8)  Administrative Function: Most of the administrative headquarters are in the urban areas. Rural areas therefore depend on the urban areas for effective governance.

(9)  Diffusion of innovation and ideas: e.g. social and education ideas flow from the urban areas to the rural areas e.g. Internet facilities, satellite and cable network, styles and fashion, resort centres, hotels etc.

However, some major problem s may limit the performance of the above functions by urban area;

(i)  Political discrimination

(ii)  Nepotism and Tribalism

(iii)  Inadequate communication facilities between the two areas.

(iv)  Storage problem s due to season ality of products.

(v)  Tribal /inter-tribal wars and other social unrest.

Mention two ways the urban areas depend on the rural areas.

GENERAL EVALUATION QUESTIONS

  • What is a rural area?
  • State the types of rural area.
  • Mention the types of urban area.
  • Explain the interdependence between rural areas and urban centres.
  • What are the problem s hindering the performance of the urban centres?

READING ASSIGNMENT

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena. Pages 204-205.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

  • A settlement developed at the meeting point of road is (a) confluence town (b) port town (c) nodal town (d) gap town
  • conurbation can best be described as (a) a large village with thousands of people (b) two or more towns joined together (c) a large area with big cities (d) an area with few settlements
  • Rural settlement types include all the following except (a) linear (b) dormitory (c) nucleated (d) dispersed
  • Which of the following is not a major type of migration? (a) rural-urban (b) international (c) inter-community (d) urban-rural
  • One effect of rural-urban migration on the source region is (a) rapid urbanization (b) intensive pressure on land use in rural areas (c) rural depopulation (d) urban depopulation
  • State five effects of rural-urban migration on the source region.
  • Mention five causes of rural–urban migration.

GEO-POLITICAL ISSUES: LAND RECLAMATION

Land reclamation also known as  land fill.  It is the process of creating new land from  ocean ,  riverbeds , or  lake beds . The land reclaimed is known as  reclamation ground  or  land fill .

 The term “reclamation” also refers to returning disturbed land to an improved state. It is the process of reconverting disturbed land to its former or other productive uses. This can also be referred to as   land rehabilitation .

Methods of Land Reclamation:

  • Afforestation
  • Sand Filling
  • Construction of Drainage
  • Control of Erosion
  • Construction of Barriers

Land reclamation can be achieved with a number of different methods. The most simple method involves filling the area with large amounts of heavy rock and cement, then filling it with clay and dirt until the desired height is reached. The process is called “infilling” and the material used to fill the space is generically called “infill”. 

Also, draining of submerged wetlands is often used to reclaim land for agricultural use. 

A related practice is the draining of swampy or season ally submerged wetland to convert them to farmland. While this does not create new land exactly, it allows commercially productive use of land that would otherwise be restricted to wildlife habitat. It is also an important method of mosquito control.

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Dis advantage s of Land Reclamation

  • It leads to loss of some organisms and plants due to the destruction of their habitat.
  • It changes the drainage pattern.
  • It leads to subsidence of the land.
  • It can also lead to flooding.
  • It makes the land prone to soil liquefaction especially during earthquake.
  • What is land reclamation?
  • How can a land be reclaimed?
  • State the advantage s of land reclamation.
  • Mention the dis advantage s of reclamation.
  • Explain afforestation.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 259-263.

Write on places in Nigeria that may require land reclamation or where land reclamation has already taken place.

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)

A  geographic information system  ( GIS ) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data.

The  acronym  GIS is sometimes used for  Geographical Information Science  or Geospatial Information Studies  to refer to the academic discipline or career of working with geographic  information systems  and is a large domain within the broader academic discipline of  Geoinformatics .

In general, GIS describes any  information system  that integrates, stores, edits, analyzes, shares, and displays geographic  information.  GIS applications  are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the results of all these operations. Geographic information science is the science underlying geographic concepts, applications, and systems.

Data representation

GIS data represents real objects (such as roads, land use, elevation, trees, waterways, etc.).

Real objects can be divided into two abstractions: discrete objects (e.g., a house) and continuous fields (such as rainfall amount, or elevations).

Traditionally, there are two broad methods used to store data in a GIS for both kinds of abstractions mapping references:  raster images  and  vector .

  • What is GIS?
  • Mention two features that can be represented with GIS.
  • State three cultural features.
  • Mention five physical features in your environment
  • Define geography.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 190-195.

  • Real objects can be divide into (a) continuous and circulatory (b) discrete and continuous (c) circulatory and discrete
  • Raster images are used to (a) analyse data (b) interpret data (c) store data
  • All are physical objects except (a) road (b) mountain (c) river
  • Which of these is a socio-cultural feature? (a) airport (b) trees (c) lake
  • ‘Geo’ refers to (a) description (b) space (c) earth
  • State two uses of GIS
  • Write three features within the school that can be represented with GIS

AFRICA: LOCATION, POSITION, SIZE AND POLITICAL DIVISION

LOCATION : Africa is located between latitudes 37 o N and 35 o S of the equator and 17 o W and 51 o E of the Greenwich Meridian.

POSITION : Africa is the second largest continent in the world after Asia. It is bounded in the north by the Mediterranean sea which separates Africa from Europe, in the south by the Atlantic ocean, in the East by Indian ocean and in the north-east by the Suez Canal, the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden which separates Africa from Asia.

SIZE: Africa is the second largest continent in terms of land area after Asia. It occupies 1 / 4 of the total land area of the world. The total land area of Africa is approximately 30 million Sq km stretching for about 8000km from north to south and 7,500km from east to west.

POLITICAL DIVISIONS OF AFRICA : Africa consists of about 48 mainland countries and several islands. Some islands in the Indian Ocean include Madagascar (the largest island) Zanzibar, Comoro, Mauritius, etc. While some islands in the Atlantic ocean include Sao Tome, Cape Verde, Principe, Canary and Equatorial Guinea.

  • Describe the location of Africa.
  • Explain the size of Africa.

LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES

These are countries that do not share boundaries with the coast or oceans.

The landlocked countries in Africa include Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Central Africa Republic, Uganda , Rwanda, Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Sudan.

PROBLEMS OF LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES

(1)   They experience high freight cost.  

(2)   They depend economic ally on other countries .  

(3)   They depend politically on other countries .  

(4)   There is always insecurity of goods.

(5)   There is also political instability.

  • What are landlocked countries ?
  • Mention some landlocked countries in Africa.
  • Describe the political division of Africa.
  • What is the size of Africa?
  • State problem s affecting landlocked countries .

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 472-474.

WEEKEND ASSINGMENT

(1)   The latitudinal extent of Africa is ______ (a) 37 o   (b) 35 o   (c) 2 o   (d) 72 o

(2)   Africa is bounded in the north-east by one of the following

(a) Gulf of Aden (b) Suez Canal  (c) Gulf of Guinea (d) Red sea

(3)   Africa has a total land area of ____

(a) 40million sq km (b) 30million sq km (c) 35million sq km  (d) 20million sq km

(4)  Which of these islands is found on the Atlantic Ocean______?

 (a) Victoria Island (b) Mauritius (c) Canary (d) Zanzibar

(5)  The largest Island in Africa is ______. (a) Principe (b) Sao Tome (c) Zanzibar (d) Madagascar

Draw the map of Africa showing all the African countries .

AFRICA: RELIEF AND DRAINAGE

Africa can be grouped into the following relief regions

–   The east (made up partly of mountains)

–  The west (made up partly of highlands)

–  The south (made up mainly of plateaux)

–  The north (made up mainly of ranges)

EAST AFRICA : There are many mountains found in this part of Africa. They include Kilimanjaro Mountain (5,895m) which is the highest mountain in Africa, Cameroun mountain, Ethiopia mountain, Mountain Elgon, Mountain Ruwenzori and Mountain Kenya.

WEST AFRICA: The highlands found in this area include the Fouta Djallon, Guinea, Adamawa highland and Jos plateau.

SOUTH AFRICA: This area is mainly made up of plateaux. There is a continuous escarpment, highest in the Drakensberg Mountains in South Africa.

NORTH AFRICA: The ranges include Ahagger, Tasilli, Tibesti, Darfur and Atlas Mountain

AREAS OF LOWLAND

The areas of lowlands are restricted mainly to the coasts of Africa and the Rift valley of East Africa.

EVALUATION :

  • Describe the relief of Africa.

THE EAST AFRICA RIFT VALLEY SYSTEM

LOCATION: It stretches from the Red sea to the River Zambezi in Zambia through

Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda , Tanzania and Malawi. It is about 5000 – 6000 km long.

ORIGIN / FORMATION: Due to block faulting, there was subsidence of land between two

Parallel faults caused by tension.

NATURE OF THE FLOOR / DEPTH: It has a narrow flat floor with lakes some of which fell

below sea level . The valley has steep walls. It contains some lakes like Tanganyika (the 2 nd

deepest lake in world) and Lake Malawi.

IMPORTANCE: The rift valley system is important for the following

(i)  Tourism

(ii)  Fishing

(iii)  Salt mining

(iv)  Rich agriculture land.

DRAINAGE IN AFRICA

Africa has a large number of important rivers. Out of all the rivers, only four are really

outstanding as a result of their length and volume . These are.

–  River Nile (6,600 km) the longest

–  River Niger (4,200 km)

–  River Zambezi (2,400 km)

–  River Orange (1,600km)

LAKES IN AFRICA

1.  Natural lakes: These include lake Victoria, Chad, Tanganyika, Malawi and Turkana.

2.  Artificial / Man made lakes: These include lake Nassir on the Nile, lake Volta on River Volta, lake Kanji on the Niger and lake Kariba (the largest man – made lake in Africa) on the Zambezi river.

  • What is relief?
  • What is drainage?
  • Describe the drainage of Africa.
  • Mention the natural lakes in Africa.
  • Mention some important rivers in Africa.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 475-478.

(2)  The largest artificial lake in Africa is____

 (a) Lake Chad (b) Lake Volta (c) Lake Tanganyika (d) Lake Kariba

(3)  The longest river in Africa is____

 (a) River Nile (b) River Congo (c) River Senegal (d) River Niger

(4)  The rift valley is known for the following except___

 (a) Fishing (b) Salt mining (c) Farming (d) Lumbering

(5)  Which of these lakes is found on River Zambezi____? (a) Chad (b) Volta (c) Kariba (d) Kanji

Draw an outline map of Africa, on it, show the following rivers

(a)   River Nile (b) River Niger

(c)   River Orange (d) River Zambezi  

AFRICA: CLIMATE AND VEGETATION

Climate is the atmospheric condition of a place over a long period of time.

Factors affecting the climate of Africa are:

  • Distance from the sea or ocean
  • Ocean currents
  • Planetary winds and pressure belts
  • Slope and aspect
  • Cloud cover

TYPES OF CLIMATE IN AFRICA

  • The Equatorial Hot Climate: This is found in the Zaire Basin of Central Africa and in the coast of West Africa (except Ghana).
  • The Tropical Continental (Sudan) Climate: It is found in West Africa and curves southwards into East Africa and Southern Africa.
  • The Mediterranean Climate: It is found in the horns or tips of Africa in South Western part of South Africa(Cape Town) and in the North Western part of Africa(Morroco, Algeria and Tunisia).
  • The Hot Desert Climate
  • The Warm Temperate Eastern Margin
  • The Temperate Continental (Steppe) Climate
  • Define climate.
  • State the elements of climate.
  • Mention the types of climate in Africa.

VEGETATION OF AFRICA

The vegetation of Africa include the following

  • Tropical rain forest
  • Tropical savanna(grassland)
  • The mediterranean vegetation
  • Desert vegetation
  • Temperate grassland
  • Montane vegetation

GENERAL EVALUATION

  • What is climate?
  • Mention four elements of climate.
  • Mention the vegetation types in Africa.
  • State the features of tropical rain forest.
  • Mention three features of grassland vegetation.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 481-484.

  • Trees in savanna region develop the following adaptations to enable them survive the long dry season except (a) shallow roots (b) long taproots (c) thick barks (d) thin leaves

(d) isoneph

(c) Morocco (d) Sierra Leone

  • Xerophytic plants are usually associated with (a) regions of heavy rainfall (b) water logging (c) areas of low rainfall (d) windward part of a highland

On the map of Africa, locate the different climatic types.

LUMBERING IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA (ZAIRE AND NIGERIA)

Lumbering is defined as the felling of economic trees in the forest for domestic, industrial or commercial purposes.

Lumbering is practiced in Equatorial Africa regions like Zaire (around kinshesa, Ituri etc) and in Nigeria (around Benin City, Sapele, Port-Harcourt etc).

Favourable Factors For Lumbering in Zaire and Nigeria are:

  • The presence of dense tropical rainforest.
  • Presence of economic trees.
  • Presence of wide market for the produscts.
  • High demand for hardwood in foreign countries .
  • High demand for timber as fuel.
  • Efficient sawmill industries to process the raw timber.
  • Efficient transport like rivers and reads to move logs to sawmills or to ports.
  • Favourable equatorial climate.

Methods of Lumbering

In the regions;

  • the lumbermen search for economic trees in the forest.
  • A platform of about 2-3 high is built around trees of buthress roots.
  • The tree is then cut down either with axe, handsaw or powered saws.
  • The branches of the tree are cut-off after felling and the whole tree is cut into logs for easy transportation.
  • Define lumbering.
  • State the favourable factor s for lumbering.

Economic Importance of Lumbering

Economic trees like Iroko, Obeche, Opepe, Mahogany, African Walnut, Okoume and Limber are of great importance such as:

  • Lumbering provides foreign exchange through export of timbers.
  • It provides employment to many people e.g. to sawmillers, lumbermen etc.
  • It provides ply-woods and planks.
  • Plywoods and planks are used in the construction of houses and furniture.
  • Timber is used for the construction of canoe and boats.
  • It provides income to the government through the license and permits given to timber contractors.
  • Trees in forest help to control soil erosion as well as wind break.

Differences in lumbering between Nigeria and Zaire

  • The Forest area (necessary for lumbering) of Zaire is more than the total land area of Nigeria . That is, the forest area of Zaire is seven times the forest area of Zaire.
  • The forest areas in Nigeria are closer to the coast than in Zaire. While in Zaire, the forest area is about 1500km from the coast.
  • Transportation of timber is quite a serious problem in Zaire than in Nigeria because of the long distance from the coast. Besides, major rivers in Zaire do no flow directly to the sea.
  • In Zaire, vast area are still virgin forest but in Nigeria the original tropical rain forest has largely disappeared, giving way to secondary growth.

Problems of Lumbering

Problems associated with the exploitation of timber in both Nigeria and Zaire include:

  • It causes soil erosion.
  • It also leads to the depletion of natural forest products.
  • It can lead to leaching of soil.
  • Most trees are not in pure stand, this makes lumbering difficult.
  • It can lead to flooding.
  • It can lead to disappearance of wild life
  • Presence of buttress roots in some trees makes felling very difficult and dangerous.

Solutions to the Problems

  • Forest guards should be employed to check the illegal felling of trees and ensure planting of new ones.
  • Roads should be constructed round lumbering areas for easy transportation of logs.
  • Afforestation of planting of two trees when one is cut down should be encouraged.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

  • What is Lumbering? Mention any two areas it is practiced in Africa.
  • Mention any four factor s that favour Lumbering.
  • Mention any two problem s facing Lumbering.
  • What is lumbering?
  • Explain the methods of lumbering.
  • Describe factor s that favours lumbering.
  • List the areas of lumbering in Africa.
  • State the economic importance of lumbering.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 490-491.

1.  The artificial felling of trees is called ____ (a) deforestation (b) afforestation  

(c) lumbering

2.  One of these is not an economic tree in Nigeria ____ (a) Iroko   (b) Opepe (c) Baobab

3.  One of these regions in Zaire is known for lumbering activities.

 (a) Ituri (b) Bening City (c) Port-Harcout

4.  One of the problem s of lumbering is that ____ (a) It can lead to growth of towns (b) It can kill the lumber man during felling (c) the trees are in pure stand

5.  The forest area of Zaire is about _____ times bigger than that of Nigeria . (a) 3   (b) 5 (c) 7

1.  Describe the steps involved in Lumbering.

2.  Outline any three differences between lumbering in Zaire and in Nigeria .

IRRIGATION AGRICULTURE IN THE NILE AND NIGER BASIN

Irrigation agriculture is the type of agriculture which involves the artificial application of water to soil or land for farming purposes. Irrigation is practiced in areas where rainfall is insufficient like Egypt and Sudan in the Nile Basin (using River Nile) and Mali and Northern Nigeria in the Niger Basin using River Niger.

Irrigation makes farming possible throughout the year. River Nile is so important to Egypt hence the popular saying “No Nile, No Egypt”.

Needs for Irrigation

(i)  Rainfall is low and unreliable in both Nile and Niger basins.

(ii)  Both areas are dry and arid.

(iii)  High rate of evaporation in the areas.

Factors that favour irrigation agriculture

(i)  Presence of rivers like River Nile and Niger.

(ii)  Presence of fertile alluvial soils.

(iii)  Incidence of low rainfall.

(iv)  Incidence of high rate of evaporation.

(v)  The need to control flooding.

(vi)  Resourcefulness of the people.

(vii)  Presence of large population.

(viii)  The quest to increase food production.

(i)  What is irrigation?

(ii)  Mention two reasons for irrigation Agriculture.

(iii)  Outline any four (4) factor s that can favour irrigation agriculture.

IMPORTANCE OF IRRIGATION

(i)  It makes farmers to be less dependent on rainfall.

(ii)  It makes early planting possible.

(iii)  It enables farmers to cultivate one crop twice or thrice on the same piece of land in a year.

(iv)  It increases the yield of crops.

(v)  It helps to reduce salt concentration in the soil.

Areas Covered by Irrigation

Irrigation agriculture is practiced in areas such as:

(a)  In the Nile Basin

 (i)  The Nile Delta

(ii)  The Nile Valley

  • The Geizira plain or the managil extension
  • The Lakeshores
  • Aswan (Egypt)
  • Khasimel Girba (Egypt)
  • Sennar and Kenena regions of Sudan

(b)  In the Niger Basin

 (i)  Inland Niger Delta in Mali

 (ii)  The Niger Valley

  • The Lakeshores e.g. Kainji Lake

Similarities between the Nile and Niger irrigation practices:

  • Both irrigation practices depend on large dams.
  • Both practices are perennial in nature.
  • Both use carnal to channel their waters.
  • Manual method is used in both areas.
  • They both grow food crops e.g. cereal and vegetations /cash crops e.g. cotton & sugar.
  • Both have small and large farms.
  • Both could be owned by both government and individuals.

Reasons why irrigation is more important in the Nile Basin than in the Niger Basin

(1)  The Nile Basin (especially in Egypt) occupies more desert area than the Niger basin.

(2)  There are richer alluvial plains in the Nile than in the Niger Basin.

(3)  There is higher population in the Nile basin than in the Niger basin (This leads to greater demand for food production).

(4)  The Nile basin is used for more cash crop (e.g. cotton) production.

  • Mention any two areas in the Nile basin where irrigation is practised.
  • Mention any two similarities and two differences between irrigation practiced in both Nile and Niger basins.

CROPS CULTIVATED

  • In the Nile Basin : Crops cultivated include cotton, sugar cane, millet, wheat, maize and rice.
  • In the Niger Basin : Crops cultivated include groundnut, maize, guinea-corn, onions, sugar cane and rice.

Methods of Irrigation in use

The methods employed in both Nile and Niger Basins are the same. They include:

(i)  Basin irrigation method:

This occurs during the annual flooding of rivers which occurs between August and October as a result of the heavy summer rain. As the river overflows its banks basins are created on the farmland to trap the waters and soak the farmland, to form alluminium. The method is ancient and almost obsolete because, it delays the farming process.

(ii)  Shaduf Irrigation: This involves a hand operated lever lifting brickets of water from the river to the narrow channels running along ridges or patches of irrigation.

(iii)  Sakia Irrigation: This is the use of animals such as oxen, donkeys, Buffalo or camels to bear containers around the body to deposit water to nearby farms.

(iv)  The use of pumps: It involves the use of generators or pumping machines to get water out of the rivers or wells to farmland. This sometimes is also referred to as “Sprinkler irrigation”.

(v)  Manual methods: This is the method where the local formers use buckets and other water containers to fetch water from the river and pour them on farmland.

(vi)  Perennial method: This involves the use of dams, barrages and canals to store water and the water is released to farmlands during farming season . It promotes the growth of crop al year

Problems of Irrigation

Some of the problem s associated with irrigation include:

(1)  Fluctuation in the volume of water in rivers can result to low yield of crops.

(2)  Irrigation equipment are expensive to purchase.

(3)  The construction of dams has led to the displacement of people from their original home lands.

(4)  Irrigation scheme requires high – technical know-how.

(5)  Most dams may collapse.

(6)  These is the problem of silting of dams.

(7)  Disaster can occur as a result of flooding.

EVALUATION questions

  • Mention any two methods of irrigation and briefly explain any one of them.
  • Mention any four problem s of irrigation.
  • Mention any four (4) problem s of irrigation.
  • Name any two crops that are cultivated both in the Nile and Niger basins.
  • Outline three reasons why irrigation is more important in the Nile Basin them the Niger basin.
  • Describe any two methods of irrigation practices in the Nile or Niger basin.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 493-495.

(1)  The Nile Basin depends on River _______ for irrigation? (a) Nile (b) Benue (c) Niger

(2)  Irrigation is practiced because ____ (a) Rainfall is in abundance   (b) Rainfall is scarce (c) the grass are scarce

(3)  One areas of irrigation in the Niger Basin is ____ (a) Mali (b) Egypt (c) Sudan

(4)  Irrigation makes food ____ (a) Scarce  (b) Plenty (c) costly

(5)  Irrigation in Egypt and Sudan is popular because the countries are located in ………..

 (a) the forest regions   (b) the mediterranean regions (c) the desert regions

(1)  What is irrigation? Give three reasons why it is practiced in the Nile valley.

(2)  Outline five (5) factor s that favour irrigation agriculture.

PLANTATION AGRICULTURE IN WEST AND EAST AFRICA

Plantation agriculture can be defined as the cultivation of certain crops ( usually Cash crops) on a large area of land.

CROPS INVOLVED IN PLANTATION AGRICULTURE

It involves the planting of perennial crops such as Cocoa, Rubber, Oil palm, Tea, Coffee etc.

CHARACTERISTIC OF PLANTATION AGRICULTURE

  • It requires a large area of land.
  • It requires a large labour force.
  • It involves the cultivation of one type of Crop only on a piece of land (MONOCULTURE).
  • Crops produce d are mainly exported.
  • All farm operations are mechanized.
  • It requires large capital to operate.
  • They are mainly owned by government and large foreign or local companies.

FACTORS FAVOURABLE FOR PLANTATION AGRICULTURE

  • Sub equatorial type of climate with adequate rainfall.
  • Fertility of the soil especially the volcanic soil in East Africa.
  • Availability of cheap labour and adequate capital.
  • Availability of good transport network.
  • Presence of large Markets to consume or use the products.
  • What is plantation agriculture?
  • Mention crops that are cultivated in this system of agriculture.

IMPORTANCE OF PLANTATION FARMING

  • Crops produce d provide raw materials for Industries.
  • It is a source of income to the farmers.
  • It provides employment to many people.
  • Farmers learn and acquire new skills.
  • They are centers of Agricultural research.
  • Cash crops like coca, rubber, tea, coffee when exported, yield foreign exchange for the country.

PROBLEMS OF PLANTATION AGRICULTURE

  • Difficulties in acquisition of large expanse of land.
  • It leads to education of land for town development.
  • Inadequate capital and labour (skilled and unskilled).
  • Price fluctuation. i.e. unstable price of crops in the world market.
  • Pest and diseases-diseases spread fast because of the monocultural nature and the permanent location of the farms.

SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEMS

  • Provision of loans or credit facilities.
  • Government participation.
  • Provision of roads and other infrastructures.
  • Proper management to prevent outbreak of diseases.

AREAS OF PLANTATION

In East Africa

  • Tea and tobacco plantation in Kenya
  • Coffee plantation in Uganda
  • Sisal in Tanga District and Coastal area in Tanzania
  • Sugar cane in Tanzania and Uganda

In West Africa

  • Cocoa plantation in Ibadan and Akure in Nigeria , Kunasi in Ghana
  • Rubber in Benin, Howbel (Liberia)
  • Oil plantation in Aba, Okitipupu
  • Mention problem s of plantation agriculture.
  • State three characteristic of plantation Agriculture.
  • Mention four crops produce d in plantation Agriculture.
  • State three problem s of plantation Agriculture and in what ways can these problem s be solved.
  • Mention some areas of plantation agriculture in Africa.
  • State the economic importance of plantation farming.
  • Highlight factor s favourable for plantation farming.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 501-502.

1.  Which of the following West Africa Countries is the largest produce of groundnut (a) Burkina Faso (b) Mali (c) Ghana

2.  Monoculture is a term associated with (a) Grable farming (b) Mixed farming (c) Plantation Agriculture

3.  The most important cash crops grown in the Nile Basin is (a)Barley (b) Cotton (c) Groundnut.

4.  All of the following are true of plantation Agriculture in West Africa except that (a) It involves the planting of food crops (b) Required modern technology (c) Involves large areas of food

5.  Which of the following is not a crop grown on plantation farm (a) Cocoa (b) Sisal (c) Maize

1.  State three characteristics of plantation Agriculture.

2.  Mention four crops produce d in plantation Agriculture.

FRUIT FARMING IN MEDITERRANEAN REGIONS OF AFRICA

Definition: Fruit farming is defined as the type of farming in which farmers cultivate mainly fruit crops for domestic, industrial or commercial purposes. It is sometimes called orchard farming.

Favourable Factors of Fruit Farming

i.  The presence of Mediterranean climate favours fruit farming in the regions.

ii.  Presence of bright, sunny, weather with hot, dry summers and wet winters.

iii.  Presence of dry-warm summer temperature of 21 0 C-27 0 C.

iv.  Abundance of rainfall in winter of 25-75cm per annum.

v.  Prominence of local sirocco and mistral winds in Mediterranean region.

vi.  Availability of local and foreign markets for the products.

vii.  The use of irrigation schemes to support insufficient rainfall.

viii  Government assistance in fruit farming.

ix.  The use of advanced method and modern technologies to cultivate fruits.

x.  Presence of fertile volcanic crystalline and terra rossa soils which encourage fruit farming.

Types of fruits produce d

a.  In North-West Africa: Fruits grown include: apricots, grapes, oranges, olive, lemon, limes and tangerines.

b.  In South Africa: Fruits cultivated include vine, grapes, apples, pears, oranges, pineapples, peaches, apricots etc.

Importance of Fruit Farming

Some of the importance of Fruit Farming in south and North-West Africa include:

1.  Provision of foreign exchange through export of wine.

2.  It provides employment to many people.

3.  It provides raw-materials for fruit canning and processing industries.

4.  It provides wine that is consumed locally and internationally.

5.  Viticulture, the cultivation of grape fruit promotes specialization.

1.  What is Fruit Farming?

2.  Mention three (3) importance of Fruit Farming.

Major Areas of Fruit Farming

a.  In South Africa: Areas here include: Elgin in cape Town, Natal, Orange Free State.

b.  In North-West Africa: Areas here include Tunisia, Algeria, Libya and Morocco.

Major Problems of Fruit Farming

i.  Rainfall is unreliable in the Mediterranean region. This affects the growth of fruits.

ii.  Improper storage and processing can lead to poor quality of fruit products.

iii.  There is the problem of competition in quality with other wines produce d in Europe.

iv.  Soil erosion during the summer season affects.

v.  Fruits is highly perishable. Over production of them can lead to spoilage and loss.

Note : Fruit Farming is more popular and lucrative in South Africa than in North-West Africa because:

1.  Massive Government Assistance.

2.  The High demand of fruits in Europe in winter, when it is unable to produce fruits. This is summer time in South-Africa when harvest is taken place.

3.  South Africa is closer to Europe. This location advantage increases the sales of fruits in South Africa.

4.  There is higher demand of fruits in South-Africa.

(i)  Mention any three factor s that favour the cultivation of fruit farming in the Mediterranean region of Africa.

(ii)  Highlight any two major problem s facing fruit farming in the region.

  • Mention the areas of fruit farming in Africa.
  • State the crops that are commonly cultivated.
  • What are the problem s facing fruit farming?
  • How can these problem s be solved?
  • State the economic importance of fruit farming.

Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 504-505.

1.  Fruit farming is sometimes called ____ farming. (a) pastoral  (b) Arable (c) Orchand

2.  One of these favours fruit farming. (a) Heavy rainfall (b) Presence of harmattan  (c) Presence of dry-warm summer temperature

3.  One of these is not a major fruit in Mediterranean region of Africa.

 (a) Apricots   (b) Orange   (c) Kolanut

4.  Viticulture is the cultivation of ……… (a) grapes  (b) cereals  (c) tubers

5.  One of these is a major problem of fruit farming. (a) Soil erosion   (b) Deforestation (c) Tse-tse flies

1.  Highlight any three factor s that favour fruit farming in Mediterranean Africa.

2.  Why is fruit farming more popular in South Africa than in North Africa?

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HSC Geography Assignment Answer for 6th, 3rd week of HSC-2021 candidate has been published today on my Daily Result BD com Website. Vugol Assignment activities have started for 2022 HSC candidates. The third week assignment of HSC candidates has been published by the Department of Secondary and Higher Education (DSHE). Third week assignments are published.

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HSC Geography Assignment Answer for 3rd week of HSC-2021 candidate

The department further says that the learning outcomes achieved through assignments or assignments will be assessed. Assignments have been prepared to keep in view the weekly student assessment as per the rearranged syllabus.

বাংলাদেশের প্রেক্ষিতে জনসংখ্যার জনমিতিক উপাদান, বৈশিষ্ট্য ও বন্টন বিশ্লেষণ। এইচএসসি 2021 ভূগোল ৩য় সপ্তাহ

HSC Geography Assignment Answer for 3rd week of HSC-2021 candidate

The department further says that the learning outcomes achieved through assignments or assignments will be assessed. Assignments have been prepared keeping in view the weekly student assessment as per the rearranged syllabus. The assignment will be published on the website of the Department of Education at the beginning of the week. Students will take new assignments after completing their assignments and submitting them to the educational institution.

In the instruction given to the students in the assessment, the department told the regional officials that every institution should ensure that the activities are conducted in accordance with the social distance and hygiene rules. Students need to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the assessment through assignments. At the end of the assessment, it is necessary to observe the specific comments made by the teachers by identifying the successes and weaknesses of the students, and if necessary, to take the explanation of the assessment from the teachers. Regional directors have also been asked to monitor whether each institution has maintained the assessment record as per the schedule.

Teachers have been asked to evaluate the assignments verbatim by saying that the students are very good, good, good and need progress. Besides, the students have been asked to mark the strong and weak points in the notebook and record it. Meanwhile, the department has banned students from doing assignments by looking at note-guides. It has also been informed that if the assignment is done after looking at the note-guide, it will be canceled. In this case you have to submit that assignment again. Publication of 3rd week assignment of HSC-2021 / 3rd week assignment of HSC-2021. For Science, Humanities and Commerce Department.

3rd week assignment for 2021 HSC candidates.

এইচ,এস,সি-২০২১ এর ৩য় সপ্তাহের ভূগোল অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট/ এইচ,এস,সি-২০২১ এর ৩য় সপ্তাহের অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট প্রকাশ।বিজ্ঞান,মানবিক ও বানিজ্য বিভাগের জন্য

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HSC 2021 Geography Assignment Answer (6th and 5th week)

HSC 2021 Geography Assignment

HSC 2021 Geography Assignment Answer has been assigned for 3rd and 2nd week. Also HSC Assignment 2021 Geography has 5th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th and 15th week assignments. A total of 10 assignments have to be completed in Geography. HSC Geography Assignment solution has two Part. Students will be prepared Geography 1st Paper Assignment Answer for 5 weeks and Geography 2nd Paper Assignment Solution will be prepared for another 5 weeks.

HSC 2021 Geography Assignment

Students of HSC Science Group will get 50 marks for 10 assignments in Geography. This is the full Marks for a total for 10 Assignment in Geography Subject. The remaining 50 marks will given by Geography MCQ Test. A total of 50 marks will be taken in Geography 1st and 2nd papers Assignment Solution and another 50 marks will be given for MCQ Test for 1st and 2nd Paper.

The result of Geography subject in HSC will be prepared on the basis of the marks obtained in the Geography assignment answer and the marks obtained in MCQ exam.

HSC Geography 1st Paper Assignment

The HSC Geography 1st Paper Assignment is for 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th and 13th week. During these 5 weeks the student has to create 5 assignment solutions for Geography 1st paper and submit it to the college. The full marks for these 5 assignments will be 25 marks. The remaining 25 marks will be for the 2nd paper of Geography. In the same way 25 Marks MCQ test will be taken for the Geography first. The result Geography 1st Paper will be published on the basis of the marks obtained in the assignment and MCQ examination.

Geography 2nd Paper Assignment

For the second paper of Geography, the student has to create a total of 5 assignment solutions. The total marks for these five assignments will be 25. The MCQ exams will be taken for remaining 25 marks. The total marks for HSC Geography 2nd paper including assignment and MCQ will be 50. On the basis of these 50 marks, the result Geography 2nd paper of the student will be published.

Geography 2nd paper is assigned for 2nd, 6th, 9th, 12th and 15th week.

How to create HSC Geography Assignment 2021 solution?

The Geography assignment solution will be created by the student himself/herself. Students will be created a total of 10 Geography Assignment Solution for Geography 1st Paper and Geography second paper. Each week a paper on the Geography will be selected for the solution. If first paper is selected in one week, second papers will be fixed in the next week.

The student will create his / her Geography assignment by practicing well the prescribed chapter or part of the scheduled paper each week. Each assignment must be accurate and creative. If students make quality Assignment Solution, he/she will be given better marks. Cover pages must be added when submitting each assignment solution to the college. On the cover page you have to write all the necessary information accurately as well as Geography as the subject and 1st or 2nd as the paper option.

HSC Assignment 2021 Geography Answer

Dear students, you will create your Geography solution every week. Separate paper will be scheduled for each week. Practice the assigned chapter of the prescribed paper and write the answer to the question for the assignment. We will also create Geography assignment solutions for you every week. You will find the solution of Geography 1st Paper and Geography 2nd Paper here. You can create assignments with ideas from our solution or match the Geography answer you created. But remember not to imitate in any way. If you copied your Assignment Answer from anywhere, your Geography teacher can be canceled your assignment.

HSC Geography 6th week Assignment 2021

HSC 6th week Geography Assignment 2021

HSC Assignment 2021 Geography 6th week Answer

HSC 2021 Geography Assignment Answer 6th week

HSC 5th Week Geography Assignment 2021

HSC 5th week Geography Assignment 2021

HSC 5th week Assignment 2021 Answer Geography

HSC 5th week Assignment 2021 Geography Answer

Geography 3rd Week Assignment

Geography 2nd Paper is scheduled for 3rd week of HSC Geography Assignment 2021 Answer. The first chapter has been assigned as the assignment of the second paper of Geography. Prepare the answer to your assignment by carefully reading and practicing the thermal dynamics chapter of Geography 2nd paper. If you want, you can get an idea by looking at the answer we have created or you can match us with the solution you have created.

HSC Geography Assignment 2021 3rd week

HSC Geography Assignment 2021 Answer 3rd week

এইচএসসি ২০২১ মানবিক গ্রুপের তৃতীয় সপ্তাহের ভূগোল অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট প্রকাশ করা হয়েছে। তৃতীয় সপ্তাহের অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট সমাধানের জন্য ভূগোল ২য় পত্র নির্ধারণ করা হয়েছে। এইচএসসি ২০২১ ভূগোল ৩য় সপ্তাহের অ্যাসাইনমেন্টের জন্য নির্ধারণ করা হয়েছে দ্বিতীয় অধ্যায়ের জনসংখ্যা। ভূগোল ৩য় সপ্তাহের অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট উত্তর লেখার সময় জনসংখ্যার জনমিতিক উপাদান, জনসংখ্যার অভিগমনের কারণ, ধরণ ও প্রভাব, বাংলাদেশের জনসংখ্যার বৈশিষ্ট্য, জনমিতিক ট্রানজিশনাল মডেল ও বাংলাদেশ উল্লেখ করতে হবে।

অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট শিরোনাম: বাংলাদেশের প্রেক্ষিতে জনসংখ্যার জনমিতিক উপাদান, বৈশিষ্ট্য ও বন্টন বিশ্লেষণ।

HSC 2021 Geography Assignment Answer 3rd week

HSC Geography Assignment 1st Week

1st paper has been assigned for the HSC Geography Assignment 1st week. The second chapter of the first paper is scheduled to solve the 1st week assignment. The student will complete the task assigned for the assignment by reading and practicing the vector chapter of his/her second chapter well. You can get an idea by looking at the answer we have prepared for the assignment. Or you can match ours with the Geography assignment answer you created.

HSC Geography Assignment Answer 1st week

HSC 2021 Geography Assignment Answer 1st week

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  • HSC Assignment 2021 Humanities Answer PDF - All Weeks
  • HSC Assignment 2021 2nd Week Answer (Science
  • HSC Assignment 2021 2nd Week Answer

HSC 2022 Geography Assignment Answer (11th Week)

HSC 2022 Geography Assignment Answer : Directorate of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education is published the Inter 1st Year Geography Assignment Answer 2022 in a pdf file of 1st and 2nd paper on dshe.gov.bd.

HSC Geography Assignment Question, Work, Solutions for the 11th Week are now available at dshe.gov.bd or here.

The 11th Week HSC Geography Assignment and Answer is published on 7th February 2022. Let’s see the HSC Assignment 2022 Geography Answer in a pdf file from dshe.gov.bd in here.

Lets dive it in:

  • 1st Paper Assignment
  • 2nd Paper Assignment

HSC 2022 Geography Assignment Answer

National Curriculum and Textbook Board released the short syllabus for Geography, a subject in the Humanities Group, earlier in the year (back in January 2021). By Following that syllabus, the Directorate of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education will publish the assignments for this subject. According to the notice, students are required to submit a total of Eight assignments for each subject (4 is for the 1st Paper, and Four is for the 2nd Paper). Therefore, the distribution of marks in the HSC Exam 2022 is as follows: DSHE will give 50 marks for completing Assignment Solutions and 50 marks for completing the MCQ Test in the HSC Exam 2022. Students must write the Assignment solutions as soon as possible after the assignment question is given to them because it now carries marks of HSC Exam 2022.

According to the Assignment Grid published by the Directorate of Secondary and Higher Education (DSHE), They will assign the HSC Geography assignments to the students of the Humanities Group for the HSC Exam 2022 in the following weeks:

This assignment for the HSC Geography is available on the DSHE’s official website, and it was published on 7th February 2022, for the first weeks from a total of the fifteen weeks.

HSC Geography 1st Paper Assignment Answer 2022

The HSC Exam 2022 First Paper Assignment question for Geography Subjects is now available on the Directorate of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education’s official website, dshe.gov.bd. As the result of the COVID-19 Corona Virus, the National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB) has reduced the length of the Geography 1st Paper syllabus for the exam year of HSC 2022, which will be administered in November 2022. To make it more manageable for students and to cope with the limited time available for HSC Exam 2022 in the Geography 1st Paper Subject to complete the Syllabus, they have reduced the number of chapters in the Syllabus from 10 to 4. As a result, only these Four chapters will be included in the Weekly Assignment Question. So, These Four Chapters are: Second (পৃথিবীর গঠন), Fifth (জলবায়ুর উপাদান ও নিয়ামক), Eighth(সমুদ্রস্রোত ও জোয়ারভাটা), Tenth (ব্যবহারিক মানচিত্র ও স্কেল). DSHE will assign the HSC Geography 1st Paper Assignment in the following weeks:

11th Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer 2022

The DSHE is published the HSC Geography Assignment Answer for the 11th Week From the second chapter.

DSHE is published the Inter 1st Year 11th Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer on dshe.gov.bd. Let’s see the assignment work and answer with solutions from below.

Class: HSC 1st Year Exam Year: HSC 2022 Group: Humanities Subject: Geography and Environment Paper: 1st Paper Assignment work: বাংলাদেশের ভূ-প্রাকৃতিক শ্রেণী বিভাজন কর।

11th Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer 2022

Assignment Answer: Will Publish Soon.

HSC Geography Assignment 2022 5th Week Answer

The DSHE is published the HSC Geography Assignment Answer for the 5th Week From the second chapter.

DSHE is published the Inter 1st Year 5th Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer on dshe.gov.bd. Let’s see the assignment work and answer with solutions from below.

Class: HSC 1st Year Exam Year: HSC 2021 Group: Humanities Subject: Geography Paper: 1st Paper Assignment work: বাংলাদেশের ভূপ্রকৃতির শ্রেণী বিভাজন করো।

HSC Geography Assignment 2021 5th Week Question

Assignment Answer:

5th Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer 2021

HSC Geography 1st Paper Assignment 2nd Week Answer

The DSHE is published 2nd Week Assignment Question of Geography 1st Paper from the Second Chapter (পৃথিবীর গঠন) of the Textbook provided by the NCTB. Students can now check the assignment question, learning objectives, instructions on how to write the assignment answer, and rubrics or assessment criteria, all of which have been made available on the internet. Do you require additional information? Then, take a look at the article. DSHE is published the Inter 1st Year 2nd Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer on dshe.gov.bd. Let’s see the assignment work and answer with solutions from below.

Class: HSC 1st Year Exam Year: HSC 2021 Group: Humanities Subject: Geography Paper: 1st Paper Assignment work: পৃথিবীর গঠন ও পর্বতের শ্রেণীবিভাগ দেখাও।

2nd Week HSC Geography 1st Paper Assignment Question 2021

Instruction to students for writing the assignment answer:

  • ভূত্বক পৃথিবীর অভ্যন্তরীণ গঠন চিত্রসহ বর্ণনা করো
  • পৃথিবীর বিভিন্ন প্রকার পর্বত তার অবস্থান গঠন কাঠামো চিত্রসহ বর্ণনা করো

Assignment Answer

1st Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer 2021 page 1

HSC Geography 2nd Paper Assignment Answer 2022

The assignment question for the Geography second paper for the HSC Exam 2021 has been made available on the secondary and Higher Secondary Official website dshe.gov.bd. Because many students are already aware of the COVID-19 Corona Virus outbreak, the NCTB has condensed the second paper syllabus to accommodate it. The Geography 2nd Paper syllabus has been reduced from its previous ten chapters to only Four, significantly reducing the previous ten. These chapters are numbered as follows: Second (জনসংখ্যা), Fourth (কৃষি), Fifth (শক্তি ও খনিজ সম্পদ), Tenth (মানচিত্র অভিক্ষেপ). The assignment question based on these chapters will be published by the Directorate of Secondary and Higher Education. During the following week, they will make the geography second paper assignment available online. They will publish the Geography 2nd Paper Assignment Question in the following weeks:

6th Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer 2021

The Directorate has published the 6th Week Assignment. They will publish the 6th Week HSC Geography Assignment Question for writing the solution on dshe.gov.bd

Class: Inter 1st Year Exam Year: HSC 2021 Group: Humanities Subject: Geography Paper: 2nd Paper

6th Week HSC Geography Assignment Answer 2021 page 1

3rd Week HSC Geography Assignment Solutions

Assignment Work:

geography assignment 3rd week

How to create the HSC 2022 Geography Assignment to get Outstanding Remarks

Candidates of HSC Exam 2021 must complete ten assignments for geography subjects worth 50 Marks. This 50 Mark will include in the HSC Result 2021.

Consequently, it is now critical for the students to participate in the Assignment by collecting the assignment question and writing the assignment solutions before submitting them to the colleges they are enrolled in. Therefore, students must pay close attention to the following information to achieve the highest marks.

The Directorate of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education makes the rubrics or mark distribution guidelines for each Assignment available once a week for reference purposes.

Students who want to achieve the highest possible marks on the HSC Geography Assignment 2021 should put this information into the solutions when writing their Assignment.

Nonetheless, there are three important considerations for students to bear in mind at the time of writing assignment:

  • Creativity,
  • Consistency and

For More Information, Visit:  DSHE . In addition, students may want to find the Other Humanities Group Subjects Assignment Answer. It is categorized subject-wise, which is listed below:

Source: DSHE and NCTB

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class 9 Geography assignment answer 3rd week

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Fast of all, Today is published the class 9 Geography assignment answer 3rd week . Here we will solve 3rd, 5th, 15th, 24th-week assignments. Last week, we discussed the instructions for preparing the 3rd week of your class 9 assignment. This week, you will learn how to prepare for the 3rd week of your assignment solution. Anyway, If you want to get the class 9 3rd week Geography assignment answer full information please follow the short information below.

Are you looking to answer the 3rd-week class 9 Geography assignment ?  above all, you can download the answer right this place. We solved the 3rd week with the ninth Geography assignment & uploaded it here for your help. In addition, you can download it in a photo & PDF Format. In order to help them out, we have prepared an assignment solution for Geography. Then let’s download the answers to your assignments below.

class 9 Geography Assignment answer

  • class 9 Geography Assignment answer

What is class 9 Geography Assignment 3rd week?

How to get geography assignment answer class 9th, how to do class ninth assignment answer 3rd week 2022, how to do class 9 geography assignment launch.

The Education Board will start all subject Assignments in November and end in December 2022. ninth Class assignments will also begin in November and end in December 2022. Students can also check their class 9 Geography assignments on these websites; After that, I will post the class ninth third-week assignment answers to the inquiries referenced in the inquiry concerning help to individuals I realize who lost their employment because of lockdown.

Assignment questions on the Geography subject of the 3rd week of 9 class have been taken from the textbook. From the created part of the 9-grade Geography textbook. Gain knowledge from all these lessons and solve 3rd-week assignments.

geography assignment 3rd week

Class 9 Assignment Geography 3rd Week solution very easy. You see the step-by-step follow the image file. We can share the 3rd-week Geography assignment answers. You can check this answer for this assignment.

geography assignment 3rd week

Similarly, All education Board facilities get ninth-grade Geography Assignment Answers. Most of the students in Bangladesh are from different areas, and they have access to a computer, laptop, or Android mobile. Now, bd-career.org can check your ninth class Geography subject assignment answer,  This website will help you.

In the event that you don’t consider the 9 class Geography Assignment, you may benefit substantially from another individual’s own input. Here, we will indicate how to finish the 3rd-week Geography Assignment of an understudied class 9. This can be a conditionally sound decision, yet dependably ensure you are responding in time. Heading up!

DSHE has recently posted the notification regarding the Class 9 Geography Assignment in 2022 dates on its official website. Candidates who have already submitted their assignments can download their solutions. And next week’s assignment will be published on the official website at http://www.dshe.gov.bd/site/view/notices ; A direct link is provided below. 

Official Assignment Notice

We replied that the class 9 Geography Assignment has been published on our website. Further, we also discussed how to write correctly in the assignment and you can find the answer to all questions related to the class 9 Geography subject solved here.

Final Word:

In conclusion, Every student who submits an assignment knows that bd-career.org publishes all types of assignments with a file containing the answers. Basically, the ninth class assignment is answered in Bengali just like every other week and you will get answers when you visit our website. You can download the assignment if you wish and you do not have to pay any fees for it. You have any problems with comments with the Facebook comments box and stay with us.

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HSC 3rd week assignment 2021

HSC 3rd week Assignment Question & Sample Answer 2021

HSC all subject third-week assignment solution PDF. HSC 3rd week assignment questions and sample answer 2021 are available on our website.  Students of the intermediate 2nd year have completed their last two-week assignment and now looking for the next week’s question as well as answer. In this post, we reveal all subject assignment solutions. বাংলায় দেখুন

HSC 3rd week Assignment Question & Sample Answer 2021

The Department of Secondary and Higher Education (DSHE) has control over all levels of assignment programs. On July 26, 2021 DSHE authority has proclaimed their HSC assignment plan and announced the assignment for two weeks. Students have already completed their imposed assignments. On August 08 ,2021 appropriate authority has released HSC 3rd week assignment plan. According to the notice, students will complete assignments in 15 subjects depending on their group. The current week assignment starts on 08 August 2021 and the respective institution will set an assignment submission deadline. Note that the HSC Assignment Scheme will run till the 15th week. Finally, if you are an HSC candidate for 2021, you can follow our HSC homework sample answers, hopefully, this will help you a lot.

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HSC 3rd week assignment Solution 2021

Group-based assignment topics have been published this week as well as the 2nd week. The science group subjects are Biology, Advanced Mathematics & Chemistry. The commerce group covers Finance, Accounting and Production Management & Marketing and the subjects of the human group are social sciences, social work, geography, economics, civics & logic. A student has to do his assignment on group base compulsory subject. There is no need to write an assignment for the 4th subject. So let’s start to discover HSC subjectwise assignment solutions for 2021 candidates.

Depending on the speed of the internet, it may take some time for the assignment image to load.

Biology Assignment 

HSC Biology 2nd Assignment taken from the first chapter of the 2nd Paper book. Those students whose main subject is biology will do it. Here we have attached HSC biology 3rd-week assignment question image and solution link.

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Check Biology Answer

Chemistry Assignment

Chemistry homework is compulsory for every student in the science group. HSC Chemistry 2nd assignment has taken from the first chapter of  2nd paper main book. Here we added the Chemistry 2nd paper assignment question image and solution.

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Check Chemistry Answer

Higher Math Assignment 

HSC students will either do biology or do higher math assignments. If higher math is your main subject, you need to write it instead of biology. HSC Higher math 2nd assignment has taken from the sixth chapter of 2nd paper textbook.

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Social Science Assignment 

HSC 3rd week Social Science assignment question and answer 2021. Social Science is a subject of Humanities group. In 3rd week Social Science 2nd paper assignment has been scheduled for all the students of the Humanities group. Here you will get HSC 3rd week Social Science assignment question and answer.

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Check S.Science Answer

Finance & Banking Assignment

Finance & Banking is a compulsory assignment for business studies students. In the 3rd-week, students will submit 2nd assignment on Finance. HSC Finance & Banking assignment topic has taken from the first chapter of 2nd paper textbook.

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Accounting Assignment 

Every student of the commerce group must submit an assignment on Accouting. HSC Accounting 3rd week assignment topic has been chosen from the second chapter of the 2nd paper textbook. Lets’s check the assignment question image & sample answer.

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Check Accounting Answer

Production Management & Marketing Assignment 

Intermediate 2nd-year students will submit their assignments in Production Management and Marketing for assessment of upcoming HSC exams. 3rd-week assignment question grasp from the 1st chapter of the 2nd paper book.

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Social work Assignment

3rd-week assignment question taken from the 1st chapter of the 2nd paper book. Here you will get HSC Social work 2nd paper assignment question and answer.

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Geography Assignment 

Geography is a subject of the Humanities group. In this 3rd week Geography 2nd paper assignment have been scheduled for all the students of Humanities group. Geography 2nd paper assignment is given on the 2nd chapter. Here you will get HSC 3rd week Geography 2nd paper assignment question and answer.

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Economics Assignment 

Here you will get Economics 2nd paper assignment question and answer.

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Civics Assignment 

Civics 2nd paper assignment is given on the 2nd chapter of Civics book. Here we added HSC 3rd week Civics assignment question and solution.

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Logic Assignment 

Logic is a subject of the Humanities group. In this 3rd week Logic 2nd paper assignment have been scheduled for all the students of Humanities group. Here you will get HSC 3rd week Logic 2nd paper assignment question and answer. so keep eye on it.

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Arabic Assignment

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Food & Nutrition Assignment

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Home Management assignment

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All subject assignment answers will be added shortly.

Special instruction for students

  • No other cover page can be used without a specified cover page.
  • All information on the cover page should be written neatly and clearly.
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Each week on the assignment, host audie cornish pulls listeners out of their digital echo chambers to hear from the people whose lives intersect with the news cycle. from the sex work economy to the battle over what’s taught in classrooms, no topic is off the table. listen to the assignment every monday and thursday..

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Last week, “No Labels,” the centrist group seeking to field a “unity ticket” for the presidential election, announced that despite raising $70 million and securing ballot access in key states, they had failed to secure a candidate and would drop their effort for the 2024 cycle. This news elicited sighs of relief all over Washington, including at Third Way, a center-left think tank. Kate deGruyter is communications director at Third Way, and she argues that any third-party candidate in this race disproportionately hurts Joe Biden by muddying the otherwise clear choice between Biden and former president Donald Trump. 

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