how to make a survey paper in word

Select the Use App option.

Step 7: Publish your poll on your page.

Finally, publish your poll and make it live on your page. There are several options open to you. For example, you can create a unique post for the poll, share it via a link, or invite individuals to participate.

How to Create a Survey on SurveyMonkey

• Select the type of survey you want to create.
• Add or choose survey questions.
• Send your survey to respondents.

For longer surveys with more functionality and data analytics, try Survey Monkey. You can choose from a variety of question and response options making this survey platform applicable for virtually any type of research.

Step 1: Select the type of survey you want to create.

You can sign up for SurveyMonkey with a free or paid account. Then select how you'd like to begin building your survey. For this tutorial, we'll be buid our survey from scratch.

Step 2: Name your survey.

Once you've chosen which type of survey you want to deploy, name it and assign it to a category.

Step 3: Add or choose survey questions.

You can start typing in your survey questions, or you can choose from the questions SurveyMonkey recommends for the type of survey you've selected.

Once you've selected your option, you're ready to send your survey and start collecting feedback.

Create A Survey People Will Want to Take

If your respondents are taking the time to complete your survey, give them one that is interesting, neutral, and respectful of their time. Now that you have the best practices for how to create a survey, try making one today and see what insights you uncover about your audience.

Editor's note: This post was originally published in August 2020 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

Don't forget to share this post!

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How to create a fillable form with microsoft word.

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The screenshots in this tutorial are from Word 2010 but this should work the same in Word 2019.

Quick Links

To template, or not to template, create a form from scratch, wrapping up.

Creating forms with Microsoft Word is easy, but the challenge comes in when you decide to create fillable forms with options that you can send to people and have them fill out digitally. Whether you need a form for gathering information about people or if you are trying to take a survey to test out user response to software or a new product, Word has the solution for you.

UPDATE: 6/30/22

There are two main options to get started with your form creation. Option one is easy to use if you can find a template that suits your needs. To find templates, click on the File menu and select "New." You will see many premade, professional-looking templates available for download. Simply click on "Forms" and look through the selection of templates to find one that suits your needs.

For other versions of Word, select the File tab and click "More Templates" in the Home section. Enter "Forms" into the Search box and you'll see a collection of forms you can use.

When you have found your template , just download it and edit the form as needed.

Since that is the easy way and you may not be able to find a template that fits your needs, we will discuss the best way to create forms from scratch. Begin by creating a blank document.

Enable the Developer Tab

In order to create fillable forms, you will need to start by enabling the developer tab by clicking on the File drop-down menu and then choose "Options." Open the Customize Ribbon tab and select the "Main Tabs" option under Customize the Ribbon.

Now you will need to select the Developer box and press "OK."

Once you have done this, you will notice that an additional menu has been added to the top of the screen with several new developer options.

Populate the Form

Now that you have a blank document, you are ready to start adding information to the form. The form we will create in this example is a simple form to collect information about people who fill them out. First, you will need to enter the basic questions. For this tutorial, we will try to get the following information:

• Name ( Plain Text Response )
• Age ( Drop-Down List )
• D.O.B. ( Date Response )
• Sex ( Check Box )
• Zip Code ( Plain Text Response )
• Phone Number ( Plain Text Response )
• Favorite Primary Color and why: ( Combo Box )
• Best Pizza Toppings ( Check Box and Plain Text Response )
• What is your dream job and why? Limit your answer to 200 words ( Rich Text Response )
• What type of vehicle do you drive? ( Plain Text Response )

Click on the Developer tab which you added earlier and under the Controls section, choose "Design Mode" to begin creating different control options. If you want to see what it looks like in action, remember to deselect the Design Mode option.

Text Sections

For any answers that require a text-based answer, you can add text sections. You will do this by selecting the Rich Text Content Control (allows users to edit formatting) or the Plain Text Content Control (only allows plain text without formatting) option.

Let's enable a rich text response for question 9, and then a plain text response for question 1, 5, 6, and 10.

Remember that you can edit the text in the content control boxes to match the questions by clicking in them and typing as seen in the image above.

Add a Date Selection Option

If you need to add dates, you can add the Date Picker Content Control.  Let's use this and add it to question 3.

Insert a Drop-Down List with Options

For questions that only allow one answer such as numbers (question 2), a drop-down list is handy. We will add simple list and populate it with age ranges. You will need to add the content control box, right-click on it, and select the "Properties" option. Next, click on "Add" to add age ranges.

When you are done, it should look something like this (Design Mode Disabled).

Alternatively, you can add the Combo Box Content Control, which will allow you to add any options you want, as well as allow users to enter additional text if needed. Let's add a combo box to question 7. Since it is a combo box, users will be able to select an option and type why they like the color.

Add Check Boxes

For the fourth question, we will add check box options . You will first enter your options (male and female). Now you can add the Check Box Content Control after each option.

Repeat the process for any other questions that require one or more options. We will add check boxes to question 8 as well. We will also add a plain text response box for any toppings not listed.

The completed blank form should look like the images below depending on whether you have design mode enabled or disabled.

Congratulations, you have just learned the basics of creating interactive forms. Feel free to download  our completed sample form if needed. You can send the DOTX file to people and when they open it, it will automatically open up a normal Word document that they can fill out and send to you.

• Microsoft Office
• Microsoft Word

How to Write a Survey Paper: Brief Overview

Every student wishes there was a shortcut to learning about a subject. Writing a survey paper can be an effective tool for synthesizing and consolidating information on a particular topic to gain mastery over it.

There are several techniques and best practices for writing a successful survey paper. Our team is ready to guide you through the writing process and teach you how to write a paper that will benefit your academic and professional career.

What is a Survey Paper

A survey paper is a type of academic writing that aims to give readers a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research on a particular topic. By synthesizing and analyzing already existing research, a survey paper provides good shortcuts highlighting meaningful achievements and recent advances in the field and shows the gaps where further research might be needed.

The survey paper format includes an introduction that defines the scope of the research domain, followed by a thorough literature review section that summarizes and critiques existing research while showcasing areas for further research. A good survey paper must also provide an overview of commonly used methodologies, approaches, key terms, and recent trends in the field and a clear summary that synthesizes the main findings presented.

Our essay writing service team not only provides the best survey paper example but can also write a custom academic paper based on your specific requirements and needs.

How to Write a Survey Paper: Important Steps

If you have your head in your hands, wondering how to write a survey paper, you must be new here. Luckily, our team of experts got you! Below you will find the steps that will guide you to the best approach to writing a successful survey paper. No more worries about how to research a topic . Let's dive in!

Obviously, the first step is to choose a topic that is both interesting to you and relevant to a large audience. If you are struggling with topic selection, go for only the ones that have the most literature to compose a comprehensive research paper.

Once you have selected your topic, define the scope of your survey paper and the specific research questions that will guide your literature review. This will help you establish boundaries and ensure that your paper is focused and well-structured.

Next, start collecting existing research on your topic through various academic databases and literature reviews. Make sure you are up to date with recent discoveries and advances. Before selecting any work for the survey, make sure the database is credible. Determine what sources are considered trustworthy and reputable within the specific domain.

Continue survey paper writing by selecting the most relevant and significant research pieces to include in your literature overview. Make sure to methodically analyze each source and critically evaluate its relevance, rigor, validity, and contribution to the field.

At this point, you have already undertaken half of the job. Maybe even more since collecting and analyzing the literature is often the most challenging part of writing a survey paper. Now it's time to organize and structure your paper. Follow the well-established outline, give a thorough review, and compose compelling body paragraphs. Don't forget to include detailed methodology and highlight key findings and revolutionary ideas.

Finish off your writing with a powerful conclusion that not only summarizes the key arguments but also indicates future research directions.

Feeling Overwhelmed by All the College Essays?

Our expert writers will ensure that you submit top-quality papers without missing any deadlines!

Survey Paper Outline

The following is a general outline of a survey paper.

• Introduction - with background information on the topic and research questions
• Literature Overview - including relevant research studies and their analysis
• Methodologies and Approaches - detailing the methods used to collect and analyze data in the literature overview
• Findings and Trends - summarizing the key findings and trends from the literature review
• Challenges and Gaps - highlighting the limitations of studies reviewed
• Future Research Direction - exploring future research opportunities and recommendations
• Conclusion - a summary of the research conducted and its significance, along with suggestions for further work in this area.
• References - a list of all the sources cited in the paper, including academic articles and reports.

You can always customize this outline to fit your paper's specific requirements, but none of the components can be eliminated. Our custom essay writer

Further, we can explore survey paper example formats to get a better understanding of what a well-written survey paper looks like. Our custom essay writer can assist in crafting a plagiarism-free essay tailored to meet your unique needs.

Survey Paper Format

Having a basic understanding of an outline for a survey paper is just the beginning. To excel in survey paper writing, it's important to become proficient in academic essay formatting techniques. Have the following as a rule of thumb: make sure each section relates to the others and that the flow of your paper is logical and readable.

Title - You need to come up with a clear and concise title that reflects the main objective of your research question.

Survey paper example title: 'The analysis of recommender systems in E-commerce.'

Abstract - Here, you should state the purpose of your research and summarize key findings in a brief paragraph. The abstract is a shortcut to the paper, so make sure it's informative.

Introduction - This section is a crucial element of an academic essay and should be intriguing and provide background information on the topic, feeding the readers' curiosity.

Literature with benefits and limitations - This section dives into the existing literature on the research question, including relevant studies and their analyses. When reviewing the literature, it is important to highlight both benefits and limitations of existing studies to identify gaps for future research.

Result analysis - In this section, you should present and analyze the results of your survey paper. Make sure to include statistical data, graphs, and charts to support your conclusions.

Conclusion - Just like in any other thesis writing, here you need to sum up the key findings of your survey paper. How it helped advance the research topic, what limitations need to be addressed, and important implications for future research.

Future Research Direction - You can either give this a separate section or include it in a conclusion, but you can never overlook the importance of a future research direction. Distinctly point out areas of limitations and suggest possible avenues for future research.

References - Finally, be sure to include a list of all the sources/references you've used in your research. Without a list of references, your work will lose all its credibility and can no longer be beneficial to other researchers.

Writing a Good Survey Paper: Helpful Tips

After mastering the basics of how to write a good survey paper, there are a few tips to keep in mind. They will help you advance your writing and ensure your survey paper stands out among others.

Select Only Relevant Literature

When conducting research, one can easily get carried away and start hoarding all available literature, which may not necessarily be relevant to your research question. Make sure to stay within the scope of your topic. Clearly articulate your research question, and then select only literature that directly addresses the research question. A few initial readings might not reveal the relevance, so you need a systematic review and filter of the literature that is directly related to the research question.

Use Various Sources and Be Up-to-Date

Our team suggests only using up-to-date material that was published within the last 5 years. Additional sources may be used if they contribute significantly to the research question, but it is important to prioritize current literature.

Use more than 10 research papers. Though narrowing your pool of references to only relevant literature is important, it's also crucial that you have a sufficient number of sources.

Rely on Reputable Sources

Writing a survey paper is a challenge. Don't forget that it is quality over quantity. Be sure to choose reputable sources that have been peer-reviewed and are recognized within your field of research. Having a large number of various research papers does not mean that your survey paper is of high quality.

Construct a Concise Research Question

Having a short and to-the-point research question not only helps the audience understand the direction of your paper but also helps you stay focused on a clear goal. With a clear research question, you will have an easier time selecting the relevant literature, avoiding unnecessary information, and maintaining the structure of your paper.

Use an Appropriate Format

The scholarly world appreciates when researchers follow a standard format when presenting their survey papers. Therefore, it is important to use a suitable and consistent format that adheres to the guidelines provided by your academic institution or field.

Our paper survey template offers a clear structure that can aid in organizing your thoughts and sources, as well as ensuring that you cover all the necessary components of a survey paper.

Don't forget to use appropriate heading, font, spacing, margins, and referencing style. If there is a strict word limit, be sure to adhere to it and use concise wording.

Use Logical Sequence

A survey paper is different from a regular research paper. Every element of the essay needs to relate to the research question and tie into the overall objective of the paper.

Writing research papers takes a lot of effort and attention to detail. You will have to revise, edit and proofread your work several times. If you are struggling with any aspect of the writing process, just say, ' Write my research paper for me ,' and our team of tireless writers will be happy to assist you.

Starting Point: Survey Paper Example Topics

Learning how to write a survey paper is important, but it is only one aspect of the process.

Now you need a powerful research question. To help get you started, we have compiled a list of survey paper example topics that may inspire you.

• Survey of Evolution and Challenges of Electronic Search Engines
• A Comprehensive Survey Paper on Machine Learning Algorithms
• Survey of Leaf Image Analysis for Plant Species Recognition
• Advances in Natural Language Processing for Sentiment Analysis
• Emerging Trends in Cybersecurity Threat Detection
• A Comprehensive Survey of Techniques in Big Data Analytics in Healthcare
• A Survey of Advances in Digital Art and Virtual Reality
• A Systematic Review of the Impact of Social Media Marketing Strategies on Consumer Behavior
• A Survey of AI Systems in Artistic Expression
• Exploring New Research Methods and Ethical Considerations in Anthropology
• Exploring Data-driven Approaches for Performance Analysis and Decision Making in Sports
• A Survey of Benefits of Optimizing Performance through Diet and Supplementation
• A Critical Review of Existing Research on The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity Conservation Strategies
• Investigating the Future of Blockchain Technology for Secure Data Sharing
• A Critical Review of the Literature on Mental Health and Innovation in the Workplace

Final Thoughts

Next time you are asked to write a survey paper, remember it is not just following an iterative process of gathering and summarizing existing research; it requires a deep understanding of the subject matter as well as critical analysis skills. Creative thinking and innovative approaches also play a key role in producing high-quality survey papers.

Our expert writers can help you navigate the complex process of writing a survey paper, from topic selection to data analysis and interpretation.

Finding It Difficult to Write a Survey Paper?

Our essay writing service offers plagiarism-free papers tailored to your specific needs.

Are you looking for advice on how to create an engaging and informative survey paper? This frequently asked questions (FAQ) section offers valuable responses to common inquiries that researchers frequently come across when writing a survey paper. Let's delve into it!

What is Survey Paper in Ph.D.?

What is the difference between survey paper and literature review paper.

Annie Lambert

specializes in creating authoritative content on marketing, business, and finance, with a versatile ability to handle any essay type and dissertations. With a Master’s degree in Business Administration and a passion for social issues, her writing not only educates but also inspires action. On EssayPro blog, Annie delivers detailed guides and thought-provoking discussions on pressing economic and social topics. When not writing, she’s a guest speaker at various business seminars.

is an expert in nursing and healthcare, with a strong background in history, law, and literature. Holding advanced degrees in nursing and public health, his analytical approach and comprehensive knowledge help students navigate complex topics. On EssayPro blog, Adam provides insightful articles on everything from historical analysis to the intricacies of healthcare policies. In his downtime, he enjoys historical documentaries and volunteering at local clinics.

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Create simple survey questionnaire using Microsoft Word

Just to share some simple steps in creating simple survey questionnaire using Microsoft Word. This simple tutorial will be simulate using Microsoft Word 2010.

Step 1. Enable Developer Mode

Go to File > Options

Under the Options windows, go to Customize Ribbons , and tick on the Developer as show in image below.

Step 2. Create Your Section / Question

Step 3. Insert Form’s Selection Button

Turn on the Design Mode first, then click on the Legacy Forms , and choose for your desired selector (for eg. Radio button, Checkbox, and etc.).

Here I will put the Radio Button for respondent to select their answer for Demographic and Profiles section.

Right click on the Radio Button, go to the OptionButton Object > Edit , to edit the element and add in required words for the option.

If your word is too long and doesn’t show up entirely, you may resize the box accordingly to fit your words length.

Step 4. Group the Form Buttons

Now, when you turn off Design Mode , you can try to click and found out that you are allow to click once for all these options. What you need to do is to group up the options. In the sub section, Gender have 2 options(Male and Female), Age have 4 options, and Working Experience have 4 options.

To group them up, right click again on the Radion Button , go to Properties .

In the Properties windows, you need to highlight on 2 settings, that is 1. Value and 2. GroupName .

Make sure that the Value is always at False for Radio Button deselect . If the Value show True , the Radio Button is selected .

You may now enter the value to GroupName . For eg, Gen for Gender, Age for Age, WEP for Working Experience, etc etc. Anything that is convenient to you. Just close this window when done editing.

Once done, you may now turn off Design Mode and try select the Radio Button . Now there’s only one select is allow for each sub section.

Step 5. Restrict the document.

For any other questions, just repeat the same will do. Select the appropriate type of Button and group them up according. Once the questionnaire is complete, you may try to protect it and restrict for respondent to tick and save and return the copy to you only. To do so, under the developer tab , go to Restrict Editing .

Check on the 1st limitation and click Yes, Start Enforcing Protection . You may put a simple password to protect the restriction from getting unlocked.

As a summarise: 1. Enable Developer Mode. 2. Create the section / question. 3. Turn on Design Mode, insert the Form Button. 4. Group the Form Buttons. Optional. (Turn off Design Mode, test the buttons. If buttons work, deselect all the selected button) 5. Restrict the document to only allow respondents select and nothing more.

Thanks for reading, hope this simple tutorial can help =)

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Thanks for your reply! 谢谢你的留言

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Hi Thanks for the information. Once this has been done (say you have 200 questions or more), and answers are filled in as shown above, is there any way to (1) transport the results to excel or manipulate the returned data in word &/or (2) aggregate the data (say you send out the questionnaire to 50 people) – either in word or excel. Thanks again.

Hi @disqus_BKPys4KC6Q:disqus I was key-in the data manually when receive the questionnaire one by one. Regret for not able to assist you on this part.

Thank you very much,

Thanks a fortune

Hi Marccus, This is indeed a very helpful and the easiest tutorial. Thanks a million. Can you also tell me what shall be done is I need to make a questionnaire for the client to write his answers to my questions and not just select the options.

Thanks loads.

Hi @disqus_ByUqH9qz8S:disqus, thanks for dropping by. You might need to create a Text Form Field.

Hi! First of all, thanks a lot for the explanation! How am I able to send this questionnaire out as editable PDF document?

Greetings, Stephi

Hi Stephi, for editable PDF you will need to create it with Adobe Acrobat Pro software.

Thank you very much, this was extremely useful. Very clear and comprehensive instructions,made my work so much easier. Thanks again 🙂

Kind regards Solveiga

Thanks! glad that this help 😀

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How Do I Create a Multiple Choice Sheet in Word?

Creating a professional-looking survey or multiple-choice test sheet doesn't require any special software -- just a copy of Office. Word 2010 or 2013 picks up on your task as soon as you start writing questions in a numbered list, keeping your work in even columns and automatically filling in question and answer numbers. After writing out all your choices, reformat the sheet to use alternate numbering designs or switch to checkboxes for surveys containing questions with multiple answers.

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Type the number "1" and a period or closing bracket followed by a space to start your first question. As you type in the text of the question, Word automatically formats the number into a list, which keeps the questions aligned and saves you from having to type further numbers by hand.

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Press "Enter" to finish the question, and then press "Tab" to switch over to filling in answers. Word automatically changes from numbers to letters. Press "Enter" after each answer you provide.

Press "Enter" and then "Shift-Tab" to switch back to the number column and write the next question. Repeat these steps to fill in as many questions and answers as you need. To move an existing line of text from the questions to the answers or vice versa, press "Tab" or "Shift-Tab" with the cursor all the way to the left on the line.

Open the "Numbering" drop-down menu in the Paragraph section of the Home tab to change the format of the numbering for the current line and all lines using the same format. For example, place the cursor on an answer line and pick the Roman numerals to switch all answers from letters to numerals.

Launch the Paragraph dialog box by clicking the arrow in the Paragraph section and uncheck "Don't Add Space..." to add a blank line after a question. You can also press "Enter" multiple times to break out of the numbered list and add blank lines, but you should wait until after you finish writing your list to do so, to keep the list properly formatted.

Open the "Bullets" drop-down menu, left of the Numbering menu, to switch from numbers to symbols. To use checkboxes for your survey, choose "Define New Bullet" and press "Symbol." Pick a blank box symbol from a font such as Wingdings.

• Office Online: Create a Bulleted or Numbered List
• Office Online: Insert a Check Box to Make a Checklist
• Office Online: Create Newsletter Columns
• Office Online: Create Forms That Users Complete or Print in Word

Free survey templates to edit online

Create printable surveys with the free editable template designs for simple and visual questionnaires from the online graphic editor edit.org..

Creating your surveys and questionnaires  and editing them online with spectacular designs has never been easier; you'll have them ready to print in just a few minutes.

Why create a survey for your business

Have you thought about how useful a survey can be? If you're reading this, you probably have an idea. There are many types of surveys you can use for your company or business, from questionnaires for market research for the development of new products or offers, to hot surveys of customer satisfaction after consumption or service. You can also use them for internal issues in your company; for example, asking employees if they feel fulfilled in their job or if there are improvements that can be implemented.

In fact, it's very helpful to be curious about what goes through people's minds or what their experience as a user or consumer is like, since listening is the basis for discovering the needs or tastes of our target, to the extent that we can take advantage of it to generate a database with new leads or potential clients.

How to make a free survey with editable templates

If you're already clear about what type of survey you want to create, the rest is simple. If you want to obtain surveys with attractive designs that attract attention and therefore get more quality responses, you're in the right place.

You don't need to know how to design or hire someone who does, just select a design from our online graphic editor and customize it with your questions.

Use the free printable survey templates from our editor and in a few minutes you'll have them downloaded to your device. You'll see that it's easier than editing a Word or Excel document, but with the result of a professional graphic designer using Photoshop.

Read on to find out how in 5 easy steps.

How to design questionnaires with the online editor Edit.org

Follow these steps:

• Click on any image in this article to enter the survey editor.
• Select the questionnaire template that you like the most.
• Modify questions and text fields.
• Save changes online for later.
• Download your survey in JPG, PNG, or PDF.

It's done! In addition, you can edit the design to adapt it to your brand: upload your logo, choose corporate colors, select or upload your font, and choose from thousands of free copyright-free resources.

Use editable online surveys to print

All editable surveys are designed so that you can print them, using formats and colors that contrast without excessive color, highlighting what's necessary to attract the eye to the right point and make it easier for the respondent to fill out the form quickly and easily.

In addition, you can modify the format, proportions, or size of the graphic composition in a single click with the "Change size" button.

If you want to try your luck, you can click on the "Magic Colors" button and you'll see how the colors of the entire design change (watch that it hooks).

Surveys and Quizzes - Customizable and Printable Examples

As you can see, you have everything you need to create your surveys with spectacular designs that will surprise both you and those around you. Plus, you will have made them!

Don't wait any longer to try the editor. Enter now and discover designs and examples of surveys that you can adapt for your business in a few clicks . Once you try it, you'll love it!

Customizable survey templates to print

Notebook Covers

Event Tickets

Comic Strips

Create feature-packed forms with templates

Find template designs that bring as much function to your projects as they do design. whether you need a web form or something that can be filled out on paper, use microsoft forms to customize any of these templates..

Survey says using a customizable template is a quick and easy way to gather the information you need. Find a no-hassle template to build a mailing list, ask for feedback, and more.

These quiz templates will pass the test—they're fully customizable and you don't need any design or coding experience to create them.

Start with the Forms templates

A quick, hassle-free way to create custom forms

Get the answers and insights you need with Microsoft Forms templates. You don't need any design experience and there's no software download needed. Here's how the magic happens:

1. Find the perfect Forms template

2. Customize your creation

3. Share and get the info you need

Let's create a form, frequently asked questions, what are the different kinds of form templates.

Whether you're requesting feedback from your peers, starting a virtual sign-up sheet, or managing an RSVP list, form templates are the way to get personalized details from others. You can ask yes-or-no questions, set up a 5-star rating, ask multiple-choice questions, let the user type freely, and more to get the most detailed feedback you can.

What can I use form templates for?

You can use form templates to ask for feedback via surveys , sign-up sheets, registration information, and more. You can track anonymous responses using form templates or you can include a field where users can type in their identifying details.

Which is better, reactive or template-driven forms?

If you're deciding between reactive or template-driven forms , the better choice depends upon what your needs are. Template-driven forms have basic requirements that make it easy for you to add to while being less scalable. Reactive forms are more robust and more scalable. While reactive forms are more complex to use, you can reuse the same form once you've customized it to your liking.

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Word Templates

32+ questionnaire templates in word format.

Launch the customer service satisfaction survey or create a student research question and answer form with our questionnaire templates in word format. With the prewritten content and layout, your participants can quickly write employee and customer market feedback and write a sample notes similar to an interview. Our survey templates do not simply offer a blank or multiple choice format to a small business or students. You can also find a document design and content for food, training, design, education, product, and event review. Discover other formats below that you can use for future studies.

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2. target audience, 3. draft your questionnaire, 4. review your data, 5. feedback, free satisfaction health questionnaire template.

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How to Use Questionnaire Templates Effectively

What are the benefits of questionnaire templates.

• They enable you to gauge the satisfaction level of one’s products and services.
• They help in knowing the interests of the customers in the competitor’s products as well.
• They enable you to improve the facilities of services and the quality of the products.
• They give an idea about customers’ choices and present trends in the market.
• They help the customers to give their opinions and provide opportunities for the organizations to improve their performances.

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How to write a survey paper: structure and tips for effective writing

Updated 04 Jul 2024

All students dream of an easier way to learn a subject. Writing a survey paper example can effectively synthesize and consolidate information, helping you master a topic. It’s a valuable skill for anyone involved in academic research. This article will guide you through the essential steps of crafting an effective review. From understanding its purpose and structure to gathering and synthesizing information, you will learn how to write a survey paper and present a comprehensive overview of existing studies on a specific topic. You’ll be equipped with the tools to produce a well-organized and insightful text highlighting key findings and gaps in the literature.

What is a survey?

This is a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge and research on a particular topic. Unlike a sociology research paper and other original academic papers that present new findings, this writing summarizes and synthesizes existing studies, emphasizing significant developments, trends, and gaps in the literature. Its primary goal is to deliver readers a lucid explanation of the state of the art in a specific field. 

Where is it used?

Also known as review papers, paper survey examples are commonly used in academic and professional contexts where a broad topic overview is needed. They are prevalent in:

• Academic journals: Researchers publish review articles in scholarly journals to explain the current academic landscape, often to introduce a special issue on a particular subject.
• Theses and dissertations: Graduate students frequently use this writing the same way as a precis paper as part of their thesis or dissertation work to demonstrate their understanding of the existing literature.
• Conference proceedings: Papers based on good survey topics are presented at conferences to summarize current exploration directions and trends, creating a foundation for discussions and further study.
• Grant proposals: Researchers include them in grant applications to justify the need for their proposed exploration by highlighting gaps and unresolved issues in the existing science literature.

When do you need it?

• Project beginning: Researchers turn to this genre to gather and summarize existing knowledge, which helps identify gaps and formulate research questions.
• Curriculum development: Educators use review papers to develop course materials that give students a comprehensive understanding of a subject.
• Policymaking: Policymakers rely on a survey introduction example to gain insights into current research trends and evidence, which inform decision-making processes.
• Professional development: Professionals use papers on technology research topics to stay updated on the latest developments and advancements in their field.

Survey paper format and structure

To ensure adherence to academic standards, format your writing as follows. Use Times New Roman, 12-point font, and double-space the text. Set 1-inch margins on all sides for a professional look. Format headings and subheadings clearly and consistently. Include page numbers in the upper right corner. Follow the chosen citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, or Chicago) for in-text citations. Label and number all tables and figures, placing them in the appropriate sections and referring to them within the text.

Below is a general guideline on how to format a survey and structure it:

Your survey title examples should be clear and concise, reflecting the main topic to convey the paper’s focus quickly. This page should include the name(s) of the author(s), institutional affiliation(s), date of submission, and contact details.

How to introduce a survey? Complete the abstract (typically 150-250 words) with a summary of the objectives, scope, key findings, and conclusions, offering a snapshot of the research. List 3-5 keywords that represent the main topic.

Introduction

In your research survey introduction example, provide the background, significance, objectives, and an outline of the document to set the context, explain its importance, and guide the reader. 

Literature review

This section summarizes and evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of existing studies and discloses patterns, trends, and gaps, establishing a foundation and context.

Methodologies and approaches

This section is the same as you use in a communication paper . It describes, compares, and critiques study approaches, informing readers about various methods and assessing their effectiveness. 

Key terms and definitions

This section explains key terms and concepts used in research to ensure a clear understanding of the terminology.

Recent trends and developments

This section offers an overview of the latest exploration and emerging trends, describing the current state of the art and highlighting new directions.

It synthesizes the reviewed literature and trends, analyzes findings and implications, and identifies science areas requiring further exploration. 

In this part, summarize the main points and findings, significance, and recommendations to wrap up the text and suggest future research directions.

This is a complete list of cited sources in the proper format, crediting original authors and offering further reading resources.

Follow these guidelines to ensure your survey paper template is well-organized, clearly written, and academically rigorous. Always check for any specific requirements provided by your instructor, institution, or the journal to which you submit the text.

How to write a survey: step-by-step guide

An overview involves a systematic approach that ensures the final document is comprehensive, well-structured, and insightful. Below is an extended step-by-step guide to help you craft a thorough paper:

Step 1. Select a topic.

Choose a topic relevant to your study area with ample existing research. Ensure your survey topic examples are specific enough to be manageable but broad enough to cover significant exploration.

Step 2. Define the scope.

Clearly outline the scope of your work. This task will be easy if you know the answer to “ What is a term paper ”. Specify the aspects of the topic you will focus on to maintain clarity and focus throughout your document.

Step 3. Conduct a preliminary literature review.

Begin by reviewing the available literature to gain a general understanding of your topic's current state of research. Identify key studies, influential papers, and major findings to inform your subsequent detailed review.

Step 4. Formulate a research question.

To understand how to write a survey introduction, you should develop a clear and concise research question or thesis statement that will guide your work. Ensure your question is specific, focused, and researchable.

Step 5. Gather and organize relevant sources.

Collect literature directly addressing your research question using academic databases, journals, books, and credible online sources. Categorize it into themes, methodologies, or chronological order.

Step 6. Analyze and critique the literature.

Critically evaluate the studies, identifying their strengths, weaknesses, and contributions to the field. Look for patterns, trends, gaps, and areas of consensus or controversy in the existing study.

Step 7. Create an outline and conduct your research.

Develop a detailed outline for your work to guide your writing process. Create a document containing an introduction to a survey, body paragraphs with methodologies, key findings, and discussion, and finalize with a conclusion.

Step 8. Edit and proofread.

Review your paper for clarity, coherence, and consistency. Check for grammatical errors, proper citation, and adherence to formatting guidelines. Revise for improved quality and readability. Proofread the final draft to eliminate the mistakes. Seek feedback from peers or mentors for a polished, high-quality paper.

Step 9. Check formatting and presentation.

Ensure your document follows the provided formatting guidelines. Pay attention to font, margins, spacing, and heading styles. Correctly label and reference tables, figures, and appendices.

Step 10. Review and submit.

Conduct a final review for any errors or inconsistencies. Ensure logical flow and integration of all sections. Submit your text according to the given submission guidelines.

How to make your research stand out?

Creating a paper survey template can significantly advance your understanding of a topic, but to truly excel, there are a few essential recommendations to keep in mind. Let’s see how to write a survey paper to ensure your text stands out.

Understand your topic.

Begin by thoroughly understanding the topic. If any part of the question is unclear, seek clarification from your instructor. A solid grasp of the topic's basics will help identify key points of your exploration.

Select relevant literature.

Stay focused on your survey topics ideas by selecting sources that directly address them. Avoid hoarding unrelated sources and systematically review and filter appropriate studies.

Construct a concise research question.

Even if you prefer controversial research topics , keep your thesis statement short and clear to guide your paper’s direction and help you stay focused. This way, it will be easier for you to select relevant literature and avoid unnecessary information.

Use your library.

A preliminary investigation is crucial. Start with your college library, which offers a wealth of resources like encyclopedias and introductory texts to help outline your topic. Use these references to delve deeper into specific academic texts, enhancing your study outcomes.

Prioritize different up-to-date sources.

Base your work on current literature, ideally published within the last 5 years, and ensure you have more than 10 relevant sources. This balance maintains the relevance and depth of your exploration.

Use reputable sources.

One of the key secrets of how to write a good survey is to choose peer-reviewed and recognized sources in your field. Quality trumps quantity, so focus on highly regarded publications.

Use a logical sequence.

Be sure you understand how to structure a paragraph and that each element of your work ties into the research question and overall objective. This requires revising, editing, and proofreading your work multiple times. 

Follow an appropriate format.

When learning how to write a survey report, remember to follow academic guidelines and use a standard format, including suitable headings, spacing, font, margins, and referencing style. Adhering to word limits and maintaining concise wording is also crucial.

With these tips, you can produce high-quality, well-organized reviews that effectively communicate your study outcomes. If you need professional assistance, do not hesitate to contact our research paper writing service . Our dedicated experts are ready to help complete your work, provide valuable recommendations, and edit and proofread your work.

Final thoughts

Writing surveys is a crucial academic skill that allows you to synthesize existing research and present a comprehensive overview of a specific topic. Following the steps outlined in this article, you can produce well-structured and compelling writing that highlights key findings, identifies gaps in the literature, and provides a clear direction for future exploration. From understanding the purpose and scope of your research to organizing your findings and refining your writing, each step is essential to creating a high-quality text.

However, the process can be challenging and time-consuming. If you need additional assistance, EduBirdie is here to help. We offer expert guidance and support for every aspect of survey writing, from conducting thorough research and organizing your paper to editing and proofreading. With our help, you can ensure your survey study example meets the highest academic standards and effectively communicates your findings.

Whether you are just starting your research or need help polishing your final draft, EduBirdie's professional services can make a significant difference in the quality of your work. Don’t hesitate to seek the support you need to excel in your academic endeavors.

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Written by Mary O. Spears

Mary O. Spears is a dedicated writer specializing in crafting insightful guides on essay and paper writing. With a profound understanding of academic standards and a talent for demystifying complex topics, Mary offers invaluable guidance to students aiming for academic excellence. Outside of her professional work, Mary is passionate about cooking and eating healthy, bringing creativity and balance to both her culinary and writing endeavors.

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How to write a survey paper?

I want to write a survey on one emerging research topic in wireless communications (It can be applied to any field!). There are almost 500 papers on this topic as published or in early access. And the publishing rate in this topic is increasing day by day. So, I want to write a survey on this topic keeping in mind that it will get high citation and it will help new scholar who are in struggle with this topic. I found only one survey written by some reputed authors, however it lacks in many ways, like detailed information related to particular direction, it just assembles the papers in a good manner. I want to pick some directions and discuss important approaches with good connection between them. However, I find it very difficult to proceed with large number of papers. Is there any good way to handle the survey process in a good efficient and quick way? PS. According to me, many people have already started to write this.

• literature-review
• review-articles

• 4 As you said, the publishing rate in this topic is increasing day by day. I am afraid the survey paper will be a living document. You probabaly will need to update it every week. My suggestion: only discuss the most important papers in that survey. –  Nobody Commented Apr 11, 2015 at 8:17
• 1 @ scaaahu yes, it is true that I have to keep updating every week. Any detailed suggestions is appreciated. May I just add some reference of old paper in proper place without digging more inside the paper? –  Mithun Commented Apr 11, 2015 at 8:24
• I am no expert in your area. I don't know how critical those old papers are to your field. So, it's up to you. –  Nobody Commented Apr 11, 2015 at 8:33
• The think you are asking about is called a literature-review - we already have a lot of questions about that. And people write whole books to answer your question: see, for example, the Booth reference here –  410 gone Commented Apr 11, 2015 at 8:56
• 3 If you have trouble getting an overview of the topic due to the number of papers, then you are probably not the right person to write a survey of it. –  Tobias Kildetoft Commented Apr 11, 2015 at 10:38

3 Answers 3

The point of a survey paper of the type you are discussion (as distinct from a systematic review), is to provide an organized view of the current state of the field. As such, you should not be attempting to cite every paper, but only the ones that are significant (which will still be an awful lot).

Writing a good survey paper is hard, and there really aren't any good shortcuts: you do need to become familiar with the content of a very large number of papers, in order to make sure that the view you are presenting is sane.

My suggestion, based on my own experience in this area, is to use the following iterative process:

• Begin by collecting a large pile of papers to survey.
• Based on your experience and a few initial readings, hypothesize an organization schema for the field.
• Start reading (mostly skimming) and organizing your collection of papers you read using this schema, including noting which ones are most important and which do not fit the schema well.
• As you find significant numbers of papers that do not fit the schema well, adjust the schema to better fit what you are actually finding and shift the organization of your collection to match.
• Add new papers to the "to be read" collection based on the adjusted schema, then return to reading and organizing.

When the process converges to a stable schema and an empty to-be-read pile, you will have a well-developed view of the current state of the field and be in a good position to write a survey. Note, however, that this may take a number of months...

• 1 That's what I am looking for. Hope this will help me to proceed. In addition to this, I got some information about good software or package to handle reference like mendeley, Zotero etc. –  Mithun Commented Apr 11, 2015 at 13:22

I recently wrote a survey paper (which is now accepted and published) and here is what I learned from it:

• Set the scope Each research field is evolving (some at a faster rate) and hence you need to define the scope of your paper. Scoping has to be done not only for the topics/dimensions to be covered in the paper but also for the time duration in which relevant papers are published that you will explore. The first part of the scoping can be done by defining research questions concretely.
• Search protocol Define the literature search protocol early, document it, and follow it rigorously. Number of papers may reduce if you apply well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
• Take notes Read all relevant papers and document relevant notes. If possible, classify each relevant paper according to your research questions.
• Infer, classify, and synthesize This is the most important step of writing a survey paper. IMHO, a survey should not produce a laundry list of papers for a specific dimension. Information in the synthesized form is much more appreciated than simply listing main contributions of the papers. For example: if a concept has been defined by 20 different authors, infer main characteristics of the concept commonly appeared in these definitions, and report them (obviously, cite relevant authors with each identified characteristic).
• Take away/implications Compile implications of your inferences/synthesis.
• Open research questions Include open research questions of the research domain - not (only) what you believe but also more importantly what the research community believe in general.

To further add something on the accepted answer, your paper should have a clear aim or should eventually reach to a well-justified conclusion. Whereas its purpose can always be a collection of top notch papers in wireless communications, this would not probably make it a high-citation/high-quality one, as it will again be "one of the many" in that sense.

Barton P. Miller's answer on researchgate.net better describes what I am trying to say above: "Think of a survey as a research paper whose data and results are taken from other papers." And based on these results, you can make your point and identify a possible gap in your field of research e.g. "To conclude, we see a lack of reliability in X wireless protocol" or "Power consumption is still an unresolved issue in this area".

The conclusion you try to reach to will help defining the structure of the paper. See Barton P. Miller's answer again for examples.

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How to Change the Paper Size in Word: A Step-by-Step Guide

Changing the paper size in Microsoft Word is simple and can be done in just a few clicks. Whether you need to switch to legal size or create a custom size for a special project, Microsoft Word provides various options. Just follow the steps below to adjust your document’s paper size.

Changing the Paper Size in Microsoft Word

This section will walk you through the steps to change the paper size in Microsoft Word. By following these steps, you’ll be able to modify your document to the desired paper dimensions.

Step 1: Open Your Document

Open the document you want to modify in Microsoft Word.

Starting with your document open, ensures you are working with the correct file. You can open your document by double-clicking it or by launching Word and using the ‘File’ menu to locate it.

Step 2: Go to the Layout Tab

Click on the "Layout" tab in the ribbon.

The ribbon is the toolbar at the top of Word. The "Layout" tab contains all the options for adjusting the layout of your document, including paper size.

Step 3: Select "Size"

Click on the "Size" button in the Page Setup group.

The "Size" button will display a dropdown list of standard paper sizes. If the size you need is listed, you can select it directly from this menu.

Step 4: Choose a Paper Size

Select the desired paper size from the dropdown menu.

If you need a standard size like A4 or Letter, simply click on it. Word will automatically adjust your document to the chosen size.

Step 5: Set a Custom Size (If Needed)

If you need a custom size, click on "More Paper Sizes" at the bottom of the dropdown.

In the "Page Setup" dialog box that appears, you can enter the width and height for your custom paper size. After entering the dimensions, click "OK".

Once you complete these steps, Word will adjust your document to the new paper size. Any elements in your document, like text and images, will be scaled to fit the new dimensions.

Tips for Changing the Paper Size in Microsoft Word

• Save Before Changing : Always save your document before making changes to the paper size to avoid losing any work.
• Check Print Settings : After changing the paper size, double-check your print settings to ensure everything lines up correctly.
• Margins Matter : Adjust your margins if the new paper size causes layout issues.
• Preview Changes : Use the Print Preview feature to see how the document will look after changing the paper size.
• Template Adjustment : If you use templates, make sure they are compatible with the new paper size.

Frequently Asked Questions

What happens to my content when i change the paper size.

When you change the paper size, the content will automatically adjust to fit the new dimensions. However, you might need to tweak the layout to ensure everything looks as it should.

Can I change the paper size for just one section of my document?

Yes, you can change the paper size for a specific section by placing your cursor in the section you want to change, then following the same steps.

Will changing the paper size affect printing?

Yes, changing the paper size can affect how your document prints. Make sure to adjust your printer settings to match the new paper size.

Can I set a default paper size?

Yes, you can set a default paper size by going to the "File" menu, choosing "Options," and then adjusting the default settings under "Advanced."

How do I know which paper size to use?

The paper size you use often depends on your specific needs. Common sizes like Letter and A4 are standard for most documents, but you may need to consult your printer specifications for special projects.

• Open your document.
• Go to the Layout tab.
• Select "Size."
• Choose a paper size.
• Set a custom size if needed.

Changing the paper size in Word is a breeze once you know where to look. Whether you’re switching to a standard size like A4 or crafting a custom size for a unique project, the steps are straightforward. Don’t forget to double-check your layout and print settings to make sure everything looks perfect.

Feel free to refer back to this guide whenever you need to adjust your document’s paper size. Familiarizing yourself with these options can save you time and hassle, making your work in Word even more efficient. If this tutorial helped you, consider sharing it with friends or colleagues who might find it useful. Happy writing!

Kermit Matthews is a freelance writer based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with more than a decade of experience writing technology guides. He has a Bachelor’s and Master’s degree in Computer Science and has spent much of his professional career in IT management.

He specializes in writing content about iPhones, Android devices, Microsoft Office, and many other popular applications and devices.

Read his full bio here .

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Get started with Survey123 reports

One of the features of Survey123 is exporting custom PDF or Word format reports based on survey data. If you are new to Survey123 or haven’t explored Survey123 reports yet, this blog will help you get started with creating reports.

Reports are generated based on a report template associated with the survey. A report template is a Microsoft Word document that provides the report formatting and includes placeholders to indicate where survey data should be inserted when the report is exported. Since the template is a Word document, almost any formatting options that are possible in Word can be included in your template. This could include images or logos, text formatting, tables, headers, and footers. This customizability is useful for designing visually appealing reports, but it is also useful when adhering to a required report format, for example when submitting data to a government agency. See below for examples of report templates and an example of an exported report.

The Survey123 website is the central hub for viewing submitted data and managing various survey settings and features, including reports. The report template is added to the survey by uploading the template file in the Manage templates option on the Reports tab on the survey’s Data tab. Once at least one report template is uploaded, reports for one or multiple records can be exported.

Report types – individual vs. summary

There are two types of reports in Survey123: individual reports and summary reports. It’s also possible to include both in the same report, in which case they would be individual and summary sections.

An individual report displays the data for a single survey record, while a summary report displays data for multiple records in one report. Summary reports often aggregate the data using statistics. For example, if we have a survey that documents a water violation, an individual report will show details for a single specific water violation. A summary report, on the other hand, would display statistics for multiple violations, for example the total count of violations or the total count of each type of violation.

The report template’s syntax determines whether a report will be a summary report or an individual report. A summary report has a designated start tag and end tag, and everything between the two tags will be treated as a summary section.

Report templates

Report templates support a wide array of options for displaying your survey data, but there are a few ideas that are the core components to even the most complex reports:

• Question placeholders – Returns the value for the question name indicated. For example: ${question_name}

• Repeat start/end tags – Accesses questions within a repeat in a survey. Questions from the repeat can be displayed by including question placeholders between the start and end tags.

• Methods and parameters – Methods and parameters are additional syntax appended to start tag or question placeholder that modifies the returned value in some way. For example, the syntax ${geopoint1 | getValue:"x"} will return this geopoint’s x-coordinate because the getValue method is applied to the question placeholder and the parameter is set to x.

• Summary sections – Aggregates the question values for multiple survey records. A summary section is designated with a summary section start tag ( $<$summary> ) and end tag ( $</> ).

These are the foundational concepts for creating a report template, but it’s not necessary to create report templates from scratch. There are several resources to help you get started with a report template quickly.

Quick reference

The first resource for getting started with building a template is the quick reference. This option provides examples and descriptions for various methods and parameters that can be used for each question in your survey.

These syntax snippets include the question names from your survey, so they can be copied and pasted directly into your report template. The quick reference section is a good way to discover the different report syntax options that are available.

Sample templates

Another resource for getting started with report templates is the sample template option in the Survey123 website. This option generates a report template that includes the labels and placeholder syntax for all questions and repeats in your survey. You can then modify this template by removing unwanted questions, reordering questions, adding methods, and so on.

Esri templates gallery

If you’d like to see examples of completed report templates, some of the Esri templates available in Survey123 Connect include report templates that can be used with the samples. You can find these by opening Connect, clicking Esri Templates, and searching for “report template”. The survey template description includes a hyperlink to the report template.

Documentation

The final resource for exploring report templates is the Survey123 Report templates documentation . This documentation describes all the supported report functionality, and includes a helpful table of all the methods and parameters that can be used in reports.

What are the requirements for authoring and generating a Survey123 report?

Surveys in ArcGIS Online are generated by an ArcGIS Online premium service. If your survey is hosted in ArcGIS Online, each report will cost 0.5 credits plus 0.5 credits for each additional survey record included in the report (except summary reports).

Survey123 reports can be used with ArcGIS Enterprise with some exceptions. The following list of exceptions was written by Ismael Chivite when the report functionality was originally released in 2019 but is still applicable.

• Your ArcGIS Enterprise instance must be accessible to the Survey123 ArcGIS Online report service. That is, you must configure your ArcGIS Enterprise web adaptor to expose access to your Enterprise instance from the internet. Please note that portals with Integrated Windows Authentication will not work with the report service.
• Use the Upgrade Attachments tool in ArcGIS Pro.
• Use the following syntax in your report template:

Make sure you the above as three separate lines in your template. This expression will basically show all attachments found in your feature.

If you are using ArcGIS Enterprise 10.8.1 or newer, as long as you do not use a feature service published from ArcMap, you can use images in your report template normally.

Bearing in mind the limitations above, the use of the Survey123 report service from your ArcGIS Enterprise instance will not consume ArcGIS Online credit costs.

User types, privileges, and sharing

In order to upload a report template , a user must be either the survey owner or the organization administrator.

In order to export a report , a user must:

• Have the feature report privilege enabled.
• Have at least a ‘User’ level user type.
• Have had the survey results shared with them in the Survey123 website collaborate tab. This shares the survey form item, results feature layer, and report template.

It’s also possible to automate your report. For example, if you want a report to be exported at the same time every week, this is possible. One of the most common methods of automating reports is with third-party automation software like Microsoft Power Automate or Make , which have drag-and-drop interfaces to set up automations. It’s also possible to automate reports using a code-based approach such as the ArcGIS API for Python or the ArcGIS Rest API .

If you’re interested in learning more about Survey123 reports, also see these webinars on report automation and creating report templates:

Survey123 Tricks of the Trade (Live): Automate Reports

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Sotomayor’s dissent: A president should not be a ‘king above the law’

FILE - Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor attends a panel discussion, Feb. 23, 2024 in Washington. The Supreme Court allowed a president to become a “king above the law,” in the use of official power, Sotomayor said in a biting dissent Monday, July 1, that called the majority opinion on immunity for former President Donald Trump “utterly indefensible.” Joined by the court’s two other liberals, Sotomayor said the opinion would have disastrous consequences for the presidency and the nation’s democracy by creating a “law-free zone around the president.” (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein, File)

FILE - Members of the Supreme Court sit for a group portrait in Washington, Oct. 7, 2022. Bottom row, from left, Justice Sonia Sotomayor, Justice Clarence Thomas, Chief Justice John Roberts, Justice Samuel Alito and Justice Elena Kagan. Top row, from left, Justice Amy Coney Barrett, Justice Neil Gorsuch, Justice Brett Kavanaugh, and Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson. The Supreme Court justices will take the bench Monday, July 1, 2024, to release their last few opinions of the term, including their most closely watched case: whether former President Donald Trump has immunity from criminal prosecution. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)

People protest outside the Supreme Court Monday, July 1, 2024, in Washington. (AP Photo/Mariam Zuhaib)

FILE - The Supreme Court building is seen on June 27, 2024, in Washington. Supreme Court justices will take the bench Monday, July 1, to release their last few opinions of the term, including their most closely watched case: whether former President Donald Trump has immunity from criminal prosecution. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein, File)

The Supreme Court opinion in former President Donald Trump’s immunity case is photographed Monday, July 1, 2024. In a historic ruling the justices said for the first time former presidents can be shielded from prosecution for at least some of what they do in the Oval Office. (AP Photo/Jon Elswick)

Republican presidential candidate former President Donald Trump speaks at a campaign rally in Chesapeake, Va., Friday, June 28, 2024. (AP Photo/Steve Helber)

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WASHINGTON (AP) — In an unsparing dissent, Justice Sonia Sotomayor said the Supreme Court allowed a president to become a “king above the law” in its ruling that limited the scope of criminal charges against former President Donald Trump for his role in the Jan. 6, 2021 riot at the U.S. Capitol and efforts to overturn the election.

She called the decision, which likely ended the prospect of a trial for Trump before the November election , “utterly indefensible.”

“The court effectively creates a law-free zone around the president, upsetting the status quo that has existed since the founding,” she wrote. She was joined by liberal justices Elena Kagan and Ketanji Brown Jackson, who wrote another dissent referring to the ruling’s consequences as a “five alarm fire.”

Sotomayor read her dissent aloud in the courtroom, with a weighty delivery that underscored her criticism of the majority. She strongly pronounced each word, pausing at certain moments and gritting her teeth at others.

“Ironic isn’t it? The man in charge of enforcing laws can now just break them,” Sotomayor said.

Chief Justice John Roberts accused the liberal justices of fearmongering in the 6-3 majority opinion. It found that presidents aren’t above the law but must be entitled to presumptive immunity to allow them to forcefully exercise the office’s far-reaching powers and avoid a vicious cycle of politically motivated prosecutions.

While the opinion allows for the possibility of prosecutions for private acts, Sotomayor said it “deprives these prosecutions of any teeth” by excluding any evidence that related to official acts where the president is immune.

“This majority’s project will have disastrous consequences for the presidency and for our democracy,” she said. She ended by saying, “With fear for our democracy, I dissent.”

Trump, for his part, has denied doing anything wrong and has said this prosecution and three others are politically motivated to try to keep him from returning to the White House.

The other justices looked on in silence and largely remained still as Sotomayor spoke, with Justice Samuel Alito shuffling through papers and appearing to study them.

Sotomayor pointed to historical evidence, from the founding fathers to Watergate, that presidents could potentially face prosecution. She took a jab at the conservative majority that has made the nation’s history a guiding principle on issues like guns and abortion. “Interesting, history matters, right?”

Then she looked at the courtroom audience and concluded, “Except here.”

The majority feared that the threat of potential prosecution could constrain a president or create a “cycle of factional strife,” that the founders intended to avoid.

Sotomayor, on the other handed, pointed out that presidents have access to extensive legal advice about their actions and that criminal cases typically face high bars in court to proceed.

“It is a far greater danger if the president feels empowered to violate federal criminal law, buoyed by the knowledge of future immunity,” she said. “I am deeply troubled by the idea ... that our nation loses something valuable when the president is forced to operate within the confines of federal criminal law.”

Associated Press writer Stephen Groves contributed to this story.

'Sense of shock': Democrats melt down over Joe Biden's debate disaster

WASHINGTON − Democrats and other opponents of Donald Trump melted down as President Joe Biden struggled during Thursday' s debate, with some suggesting he should bow out to allow another Democrat to run instead.

Biden's voice was hoarse and raspy from the start. He stumbled over words and had to correct himself with numbers. He was sometimes hard to follow. On one occasion , the president appeared to lose his train of thought, stopped speaking and concluded − confusingly − with the line, "we finally beat Medicare."

"That's a good man. He loves his country. He's doing the best that he can," said Van Jones, a Democratic political analyst for CNN. "But he had a test to meet tonight to restore confidence in the country and of the base, and he failed to do that."

Jones added: "We're still far from our convention. And there is time for this party to figure out a different way forward if he will allow us to do that."

Biden, 81, entered the debate badly needing to energize his campaign, unite his party and answer skepticism about his age and ability to serve another term. Although he improved during the debate after an especially rocky start, Biden did not silence the concerns.

One House Democrat, who spoke to USA TODAY on the condition of anonymity to speak candidly, described the debate as a "disaster." 

"Trump lied and Biden played all defense," the Democrat said.

Another former Democratic member of Congress, who also spoke on the condition of anonymity, said a conversation needs to happen privately with Biden about allowing someone else to run as the Democratic nominee. The lawmaker said he turned off the debate after the first hour because he couldn't stand watching Biden not stand up to Trump.

“It's not enough to be decent and honest and right on the issues," the Democrat said. "You have to be able to persuade, to defend your values forcefully and clearly, to command respect and to be able to take on liars and bullies like Trump to be the leader of this country."

Biden's struggles made him lack forceful responses to Trump's repeated attacks and his downplaying of his role surrounding the attack on the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021. While Trump talked, Biden often looked his way with a blank stare and his mouth open.

David Axelrod, a former adviser to President Barack Obama , said there was a "sense of shock" with how poorly Biden started the debate.

"He seemed a little disoriented. He did get stronger as the debate went on," Axelrod said on CNN. "But by that time, I think the panic had set in. And I think you're going to hear discussions that − I don't know will lead to anything − but there is going to be discussions about whether he should continue."

Maria Shriver, former first lady of California, a Biden supporter and member of the famed Democratic Kennedy family, shard her concerns in a post on X, formerly Twitter.

"I love Joe Biden. I know he’s a good man. I know his heart is good. I know he’s dedicated to our country and is surrounded by good people. Tonight was heartbreaking in many ways," Shriver wrote. "This is a big political moment. There’s panic in the Democratic party. It’s going to be a long night."

Addressing Democratic concerns, a Biden campaign adviser told USA TODAY: "President Biden is the only person who has ever beaten Donald Trump. He will do it again. Donald Trump did not give voters any reason to vote for him tonight. On the issues, the American people are with Joe Biden."

Vice President Kamala Harris also defended Biden's performance.

"What we saw tonight is the president making a very clear contrast with Donald Trump on all of the issues that matter to the American people," Harris said. "Yes, there was a slow start but it was a strong finish.

"Listen, people can debate on style points, but ultimately this election and who is the president of the United States has to be about substance − and the contrast is clear," Harris said.

Sen. Rafael Warnock, D-Ga., when asked whether he was concerned about Biden's chances in November, responded: “I would be concerned if the president didn’t have a record to run on."

California Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom, in an interview on MSNBC, called the Democratic criticism of Biden's performance "unhelpful" and "unnecessary."

"We've got to go in and got to keep our head high, and we've got to have the back of this president. You don't turn your back because of one performance. What kind of party does that? He's been a master class."

Others disagreed.

"Guys, the Dems should nominate someone else - before it’s too late," businessman Andrew Yang, who unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic nomination in 2020 and backed Rep. Dean Phillips, D-Minn., in the Democratic primary this year. He added the hashtag "#swapJoeout."

Trump seemed to sense Biden's difficulties. "I really don't know what he said at the end of that sentence," Trump said during one exchange on immigration during the debate. "And I don't think he knows what he said either."

"Sorry, I’m voting for President Biden but a disaster so far," Republican strategist Mike Murphy, a Trump critic, wrote on X, formerly Twitter, shortly into the debate. "On a 1 to 10 point scale − if this continues − the panic explosion inside the Democratic Party will hit 28 tomorrow."

Elise Jordan, an MSNBC contributor and an aide in President George W. Bush's administration, said on X, "If President Biden cares about preserving American democracy, he should drop out of the election."

Geoff Garin, a Biden pollster, downplayed the Democratic unrest , however. "The freak out over the debate is way overwrought," he said in a post on X. "Biden got off to a slow start but he had a strong finish. Trump was increasing incoherent and deranged as the debate went on, and Trump's extremism was on full display."

Garin added: "At the end of the day Joe Biden will win because he builds America up while Donald Trump consistently tears it down."

Contributing: Ken Tran. Reach Joey Garrison on X @joeygarrison.

Multiple WordPress Plugins Compromised: Hackers Create Rogue Admin Accounts

Multiple WordPress plugins have been backdoored to inject malicious code that makes it possible to create rogue administrator accounts with the aim of performing arbitrary actions.

"The injected malware attempts to create a new administrative user account and then sends those details back to the attacker-controlled server," Wordfence security researcher Chloe Chamberland said in a Monday alert.

"In addition, it appears the threat actor also injected malicious JavaScript into the footer of websites that appears to add SEO spam throughout the website."

The admin accounts have the usernames "Options" and "PluginAuth," with the account information exfiltrated to the IP address 94.156.79[.]8.

It's currently not known how the unknown attackers behind the campaign managed to compromise the plugins, but the earliest signs of the software supply chain attack date back to June 21, 2024.

The plugins in question are no longer available for download from the WordPress plugin directory pending ongoing review -

• Social Warfare 4.4.6.4 – 4.4.7.1 (Patched version: 4.4.7.3) - 30,000+ installs
• Blaze Widget 2.2.5 – 2.5.2 (Patched version: N/A) - 10+ installs
• Wrapper Link Element 1.0.2 – 1.0.3 (Patched version: N/A) - 1,000+ installs
• Contact Form 7 Multi-Step Addon 1.0.4 – 1.0.5 (Patched version: N/A) - 700+ installs
• Simply Show Hooks 1.2.1 (Patched version: N/A) - 4,000+ installs

Users of the aforementioned plugins are advised to inspect their sites for suspicious administrator accounts and delete them, in addition to removing any malicious code.

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What Makes the U.K. Exit Poll So Trusted

The first indication of results on British election nights has earned an unusually high reputation. Those behind it say that’s because of a big decision 20 years ago.

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By Ademola Bello

Reporting from London

Follow our live updates on the U.K. election .

On election night, when can you start to know who’s won?

In Britain for the past two decades, there’s been a startlingly good answer just after the polls close, at 10 p.m.

That’s when three major broadcasters reveal the results of the national exit poll. The work of a team of statisticians and political scientists who swing into gear a few hours earlier, it has in recent years produced an increasingly accurate picture of the election results before the votes have been counted.

In the past five British general elections, the exit poll has predicted how many of the 650 or more parliamentary seats would be claimed by the winning party to within an average of four seats. Last time, in 2019, it had the winning party’s total just three seats out.

Here’s a guide to what to expect, and how it works.

Let’s start at the beginning. What’s an exit poll?

It’s a survey of voters soon after they’ve voted. The British one looks for voters literally as they exit a polling place: Fieldworkers ask over 20,000 people at about 130 voting sites across the country to fill in replica ballot papers. Since 2005, there’s been a single exit poll at each British general election, paid for by three major broadcasters, the BBC, ITV and Sky.

How have the British ones been so accurate?

They weren’t always. In the 1992 general election, the BBC’s exit poll predicted that no party would win an overall majority of parliamentary seats, before early results quickly showed that the Conservatives were on course to retain control. Exit polls in some earlier elections were even further off.

Exit polls have become increasingly accurate in Britain

Number of seats won by the largest party

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