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Kinetics articles from across Nature Portfolio
Reaction kinetics describes rate dynamics in chemical and biological systems. It allows for the experimental determination of reaction rates, from which rate constants may be estimated, in order to better understand biological systems modelled by reaction–diffusion processes.
Latest Research and Reviews
Heterogeneity in M. tuberculosis β-lactamase inhibition by Sulbactam
Here, the reaction of the suicide inhibitor sulbactam with the M. tuberculosis β-lactamase (BlaC) is investigated with time-resolved crystallography. Singular Value Decomposition is implemented to extract kinetic information despite changes in unit cell parameters during the time-course of the reaction.
- Tek Narsingh Malla
- Kara Zielinski
- Marius Schmidt
Control of intracellular pH and bicarbonate by CO 2 diffusion into human sperm
Bicarbonate (HCO 3 − ) is critical in sperm for stimulation of cAMP synthesis during fertilization, though there is dispute over how HCO 3 − is transported into sperm. Here the authors use limit-of-detection LC/MS to characterize sperm protein expression and show that HCO 3 − is produced from CO 2 diffusion into sperm rather than active transport.
- Elena Grahn
- Svenja V. Kaufmann
- U.Benjamin Kaupp
Molecular basis of the pleiotropic effects by the antibiotic amikacin on the ribosome
Here the authors use fast kinetics, X-ray crystallography, and cryo-EM to uncover the mechanism of ribosome inhibition by amikacin and kanamycin. They find that amikacin binds near the P-site tRNA, offering new strategies to fight antibiotic resistance.
- Savannah M. Seely
- Narayan P. Parajuli
- Matthieu G. Gagnon
Modelling ligand depletion for simultaneous affinity and binding site quantification on cells and tissue
- Judith Weber
- Klara Djurberg
- Sina Bondza
Molecular mechanism on forcible ejection of ATPase inhibitory factor 1 from mitochondrial ATP synthase
IF 1 is a natural inhibitor of mitochondrial F o F 1 -ATP synthase, which blocks catalysis and rotation of the F 1 motor. Here, the authors show the rotational-direction-dependence of activation from IF 1 inhibition, with IF 1 being readily dissociated when F 1 rotates to the clockwise direction.
- Ryohei Kobayashi
- Hiroshi Ueno
- Hiroyuki Noji
Two gates mediate NMDA receptor activity and are under subunit-specific regulation
NMDA receptors are glutamate-gated ion channels that regulate fast signaling in the brain. Here, the authors show that the opening and closing patterns of the channel derive from the action of two gates that are regulated by distinct subunits.
- Johansen B. Amin
- Miaomiao He
- Lonnie P. Wollmuth
News and Comment
70 years of Turing patterns
How did the leopard get its spots? According to Rudyard Kipling’s 1902 children’s story, the leopard’s spots were created by fingerprints of an Ethiopian man. Fifty years later, Alan Turing laid the mathematical foundations of our understanding of leopard spots today.
- Ankita Anirban
Reply to ‘Concerns with yeast mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier’s integrity in DPC’ and ‘Dynamics and interactions of AAC3 in DPC are not functionally relevant’
- Sven Brüschweiler
- James J. Chou
CRISPR kinetics
In vitro Cas9-binding assays show the effects of mutations in the target sequence on binding kinetics.
- Nicole Rusk
Actin assembly: never forget rate constants
Laurent Blanchoin reminds us of a seminal paper by Tom Pollard reporting the meticulous measurement of rate constants of actin assembly, and highlights its contribution to quantitative understanding of actin filament dynamics as well as its impact on his own research interests.
- Laurent Blanchoin
Molecular chaperones: providing a safe place to weather a midlife protein-folding crisis
Contrary to conventional wisdom that molecular chaperones rely on hydrophobic interactions to bind a wide variety of client proteins in danger of misfolding, three recent studies reveal that the ATP-independent chaperone Spy exploits electrostatic interactions to bind its clients quickly, yet loosely enough to enable folding of the client while it is chaperone bound.
- Patricia L Clark
- Adrian H Elcock
Translocation: lights, camera, and action
The fundamental mechanics of how EF-G catalyzes translocation of the mRNA and tRNA pairs on the ribosome has been intensely studied for over three decades. Two kinetic studies now reveal the sequence of events and the timing of key conformational changes in the ribosome during translocation and identify new intermediates in this complex process.
- Xinying Shi
- Simpson Joseph
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Research paper Kinematic, dynamic, and performance analysis of a new 3-DOF over-constrained parallel mechanism without parasitic motion Author links open overlay panelMiaoChen, QingZhang, XianrongQin, YuantaoSun Show more Add to Mendeley Share Cite https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2021.104365Get rights and content Abstract
This paper presents a direct and straightforward approach for deriving the kinetic equations of the planar mechanisms comprising multiple kinematic closed loops. What distinguishes this research from similar works is that it explores the mechanisms with several constrained joints in their structure.
The aim of the paper is to study the kinematics of the manipulator. The articulated robot with a spherical wrist has been used for this purpose. The Comau NM45 Manipulator has been chosen for the kinematic model study. The manipulator contains six revolution joints.
Volume: 14, P: 5395 Molecular basis of the pleiotropic effects by the antibiotic amikacin on the ribosome Here the authors use fast kinetics, X-ray crystallography, and cryo-EM to uncover the...
This paper presents the problems of kinematics, dynamics, and design of the precise position controller for a 4-DOF robotic manipulator. First, the forward kinematic and the inverse...
This paper analyses the kinematics and dynamics of an over-constrained parallel mechanism with four degrees of freedom providing Schönflies motion with infinite tool rotation. Despite its limited motion capability in one translational degree of freedom, the proposed mechanism has several potential uses, such as assembly of electronic ...