boost set intersection

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...one of the most highly regarded and expertly designed C++ library projects in the world. — Herb Sutter and Andrei Alexandrescu , C++ Coding Standards

Intersection

Functions and operators that are related to intersection on icl objects are given in the table above.

The overloaded function

void add_intersection ( T & result , const T & y , const P & x )

allows to accumulate the intersection of y and x in the first argument result . Result might already contain data. In this case the intersection of y and x is added the the contents of result .

This might be convenient, if intersection is used like a generalized selection function. Using element or segment types for P , we can select small parts of a container y and accumulate them in section .

The admissible combinations of types for function void add_intersection ( T &, const T &, const P &) can be summarized in the overload table below. Compared to other overload tables, placements of function arguments are different: Row headers denote type T of * this object. Columns headers denote type P of the second function argument. The table cells contain the arguments T of the intersections result , which is the functions first argument.

The next table contains complexity characteristics for function add_intersection .

Table 1.34. Time Complexity for function add_intersection on icl containers

Inplace operators

The overload tables below are giving admissible type combinations for the intersection operator &= . As for the overload patterns of subtraction intersections are possible within Sets and Maps but also for Maps combined with key objects which are key elements, intervals and Sets of keys .

While intersection on maps can be viewed as a generalisation of set intersection . The combination on Maps and Sets can be interpreted as a generalized selection function , because it allows to select parts of a maps using key or selection objects . So we have a generalized intersection for these overloads,

and a selection by key objects here:

The differences for the different functionalities of operator &= are on the Map-row of the tables. Both functionalities fall together for Sets in the function set intersection .

Complexity characteristics for inplace intersection operations are given by the next tables where

Table 1.35. Time Complexity for inplace intersection on element containers

Table 1.36. Time Complexity for inplace intersection on interval containers

Infix operators

For the icl's infix intersection the following overloads are available:

To resolve ambiguities among interval containers the finer container type is chosen as result type.

Again, we can split up the overload tables of operator & in a part describing the *generalized intersection on interval containers and a second part defining the *selection by key object functionality.

Intersection tester

See also . . .

Back to section . . .

boost:: range:: set_intersection

• Official documentation
• Source code

boost::range::set_intersection is available by including any of the following headers:

• boost/range/algorithm/set_algorithm.hpp or
• boost/range/algorithm.hpp

set_intersection.cpp

Boost range for humans.

This reference is part of Boost Range for Humans . Click the link to the overview .

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Boost C++ Libraries

...one of the most highly regarded and expertly designed C++ library projects in the world. — Herb Sutter and Andrei Alexandrescu , C++ Coding Standards

intersects (two geometries)

Checks if two geometries have at least one intersection.

Returns true if two geometries intersect each other

#include < boost / geometry . hpp >

#include < boost / geometry / algorithms / intersects . hpp >

Conformance

The function intersects implements function Intersects from the OGC Simple Feature Specification .

The version with one parameter is additional and not described in the OGC standard

Check if two linestrings intersect each other

Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt )

Boost C++ Libraries

...one of the most highly regarded and expertly designed C++ library projects in the world. — Herb Sutter and Andrei Alexandrescu , C++ Coding Standards

intersects (two geometries)

Checks if two geometries have at least one intersection.

Returns true if two geometries intersect each other

#include < boost / geometry / geometry . hpp >

#include < boost / geometry / algorithms / intersects . hpp >

Conformance

The function intersects implements function Intersects from the OGC Simple Feature Specification .

The version with one parameter is additional and not described in the OGC standard

Check if two linestrings intersect each other

• <cassert> (assert.h)
• <cctype> (ctype.h)
• <cerrno> (errno.h)
• C++11 <cfenv> (fenv.h)
• <cfloat> (float.h)
• C++11 <cinttypes> (inttypes.h)
• <ciso646> (iso646.h)
• <climits> (limits.h)
• <clocale> (locale.h)
• <cmath> (math.h)
• <csetjmp> (setjmp.h)
• <csignal> (signal.h)
• <cstdarg> (stdarg.h)
• C++11 <cstdbool> (stdbool.h)
• <cstddef> (stddef.h)
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• <cstdlib> (stdlib.h)
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• <cwchar> (wchar.h)
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Multi-threading:

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std:: set_intersection

Return value.

cppreference.com

Std::ranges:: set_intersection, std::ranges:: set_intersection_result.

Constructs a sorted range beginning at result consisting of elements that are found in both sorted input ranges [ first1 ,  last1 ) and [ first2 ,  last2 ) . If some element is found m times in [ first1 ,  last1 ) and n times in [ first2 ,  last2 ) , the first min ( m, n ) elements will be copied from the first range to result . The order of equivalent elements is preserved.

The behavior is undefined if

• the input ranges are not sorted with respect to comp and proj1 or proj2 , respectively, or
• the resulting range overlaps with either of the input ranges.

The function-like entities described on this page are niebloids , that is:

• Explicit template argument lists cannot be specified when calling any of them.
• None of them are visible to argument-dependent lookup .
• When any of them are found by normal unqualified lookup as the name to the left of the function-call operator, argument-dependent lookup is inhibited.

In practice, they may be implemented as function objects, or with special compiler extensions.

[ edit ] Parameters

[ edit ] return value.

{ last1, last2, result_last } , where result_last is the end of the constructed range.

[ edit ] Complexity

At most \(\scriptsize 2\cdot(N_1+N_2)-1\) 2·(N 1 +N 2 )-1 comparisons and applications of each projection, where \(\scriptsize N_1\) N 1 and \(\scriptsize N_2\) N 2 are ranges:: distance ( first1, last1 ) and ranges:: distance ( first2, last2 ) , respectively.

[ edit ] Possible implementation

[ edit ] example, [ edit ] see also.

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Seattle debuts 'protected intersection' to boost pedestrian, cyclist safety

by Lee Stoll, KOMO News Reporter

SEATTLE — The intersection at Dexter Avenue North and Thomas Street in South Lake Union is now a first of its kind.

"I think the biggest thing is the actual light. There was no light here before," said Harper Ellison as she looked at the new traffic light and painted crosswalks.

In November, the city started construction on this "protected intersection." In January 2023, Jaahnavi Kandula was in this intersection when a Seattle police unit responding to a call hit and killed her .

Traffic signals make it easier for people to walk and bike.

For example, drivers cannot turn on a red light.

There are also concrete barriers and planters to separate bikes and cars.

“I think more people are walking, taking bikes, little scooters and I think its great, and there been an evolution so I'm glad they are continuing to evolve from roundabouts,” said Stephen Chene, who is moving to Seattle from Michigan.

Selecting this first spot was data-driven. According to the Seattle Department of Transportation, many of the city’s serious and fatal crashes involving pedestrians and cyclists are concentrated downtown and in South Lake Union.

"There's a lot of people who come in the morning and there's a lot of people who come when it's dark. When it's dark it's really hard to see the cars and there was no light so I think it's going to be a lot safer," said Ellison.

This is all part of a larger improvement project along Thomas Street, which is a greenway.

Sidewalks will be widened to help move people from Seattle Center to South Lake Union during large events like festivals and concerts.

Seattle debuts 'protected intersection' to boost pedestrian, cyclist safety

by LEE STOLL | KOMO Staff

SEATTLE (KOMO) — After seven months of construction, the city of Seattle formally debuted a first-of-its-kind "protected intersection" .

"I think the biggest thing is the actual light. There was no light here before," said Seattle resident Harper Ellison as she looked at the new traffic light and painted crosswalks.

In November, the city started construction on this "protected intersection" at Dexter Avenue North and Thomas Street in the South Lake Union neighborhood, which was routinely one of the most congested in the city. In January 2023, Jaahnavi Kandula was in this intersection when a Seattle police unit responding to a call hit and killed her .

Traffic signals make it easier for people to walk and bike. For example, drivers cannot turn on a red light.

There are also concrete barriers and planters to separate bikes and cars.

I think more people are walking, taking bikes, little scooters and I think it's great, and there been an evolution so I'm glad they are continuing to evolve from roundabouts,” said Stephen Chene, who is moving to Seattle from Michigan.

Selecting this first spot was data-driven. According to the Seattle Department of Transportation, many of the city’s serious and fatal crashes involving pedestrians and cyclists are concentrated downtown and in South Lake Union.

"There's a lot of people who come in the morning and there's a lot of people who come when it's dark. When it's dark it's really hard to see the cars and there was no light so I think it's going to be a lot safer," said Ellison.

This is all part of a larger improvement project along Thomas Street, which is a greenway.

Sidewalks will be widened to help move people from Seattle Center to South Lake Union during large events like festivals and concerts.

Adams ‘City of Yes’ Business Boost Comes Up for Council Votes

M ayor Eric Adams’ effort to sweep away what his team says are archaic rules hamstringing businesses is headed toward approval by a key City Council committee this week, the administration’s second major victory in its City of Yes zoning overhaul.

The Council’s land use committee Wednesday is expected to approve the “Economic Opportunity” proposal with modest tweaks, and the full Council is almost certain to give its approval next month.

Proposed changes range from allowing commercial spaces above residences to allowing dancing in music venues.

“This is an effort to update our zoning rules so we are not perpetuating vacant storefronts in New York City,” said Dan Garodnick, chair of the City Planning Department Monday on NY1 as he and the mayor began a series of media appearances to push the proposal. “We are giving people an opportunity for jobs and for the ability to take care of their families.”

Expected to be approved easily are proposal to lift time limits on when vacant storefronts may be reoccupied, ending onerous restrictions such as those that limit the size of retail bakeries or prohibit bicycle retailers on some streets from also offering repair services, expanding areas where indoor agriculture is allowed, legalizing amusement activities in commercial districts as well as those zoned for industrial use, and permitting commercial activity on residential campuses like NYCHA complexes, where retail is needed.

In scrutinizing Adams’ proposal, the Council’s land use committee is likely to focus on measures that have already been modified by the City Planning Commission, which approved the package in March, or have faced pushback from community boards and Council members — liberalizing rules for home offices, fast-tracking permitting for corner stores in residential areas, and allowing offices and other commercial uses above residential areas in a building.

To allow more home offices, the administration originally had proposed increasing the amount of space a home office could take up to 49%, increasing the number of employees from one to three and eliminating rules that bar 12 occupations from residential buildings.

“We have an unusual set of rules which allows you to be a music teacher but not an interior decorator in your own home.” Garodnick pointed out Monday. “We need to modernize these rules.”

Now the proposal caps the space the business can use to 49% or 1,000 square feet, whichever is less. The increase in the number of employees and lifting the ban on those dozen occupations remain, although the Council could impose stricter rules.

The Adams administration sought to allow commercial use above residential floors in a building, which is now prohibited, as long as the two have separate entrances. But opposition to that idea and questions from Council members at a recent hearing indicate that proposal is endangered.

Also in the crosshairs is a plan to encourage more stores in areas where residents have long walks to food and other needed goods and services. Instead of requiring a full rezoning, the plan would provide an easier path for stores up to 2,500 square feet within 100 feet of an intersection after environmental review and Community Board approval.

About 265,000 New Yorkers live more than a quarter mile from a place where they can get a carton of milk, City Planning says.

During the review process, City Planning was pressured to include restrictions on “last mile” delivery warehouses, which have proliferated in some industrial areas since the expansion of online shopping during the pandemic. Since that issue was not part of the City of Yes environmental review, changes cannot be made in the current proposal. But Garodnick promised a study of the issue.

The proposal has won widespread backing from the business community. Garodnick and the mayor Monday released a letter of support from all five borough Chambers of Commerce and 31 business improvement districts.

“We often ask the government what policies they can institute to help us. Sometimes — and City of Yes gets to this — it is to just stop doing things to us,”said Andrew Rigie, executive director of the New York Hospitality Alliance.

All the borough presidents except Vito Fossella of Staten Island are in favor as well.

If the Council’s land use committee makes changes, the plan goes back to the City Planning Commission for its assent and then will go the full Council for a vote, probably early next month.

At that point, the Adams administration could have its second major zoning victory. Last year, the Council approved the City of Yes for Carbon Neutralit y zoning amendment, which was designed to make it easier to adopt green technologies and fight climate change.

Next up will be its most important effort, the City of Yes Housing amendment, which has just begun the seven-month land use review process. It is designed to spur construction, especially in neighborhoods that have resisted more housing, and to increase the number of designated affordable units.

“It’s a referendum on housing and it’s the first time we have had a referendum like this in a long time,” said Howard Slatkin, a longtime official at City Planning and now executive director of the nonprofit Citizens Housing and Planning Commission.

THE CITY is a nonprofit newsroom that serves the people of New York. Sign up for our SCOOP newsletter and get exclusive stories, helpful tips, a guide to low-cost events, and everything you need to know to be a well-informed New Yorker. DONATE to THE CITY

The post Adams ‘City of Yes’ Business Boost Comes Up for Council Votes appeared first on THE CITY - NYC News .

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ChatGPT Parent Open AI Partners With Sanofi, Formation Bio To Boost AI-Driven Drug Development

Zinger key points.

• OpenAI will contribute access to AI capabilities.
• The three teams will combine data, software, and tuned models to develop custom, purpose-built solutions for the drug development lifecycle.

Tuesday, French drugmaker  Sanofi SA  SNY   announced  its collaboration with OpenAI and Formation Bio to accelerate drug development projects.

Also Read:   Drugmaker Sanofi’s Strong Dupixent And Beyfortus Vaccine Sales Propel Q1 Earnings .

Sanofi said the partnership with OpenAI will allow it to access proprietary data to develop AI models for its biopharma models, while Formation Bio will provide additional engineering resources.

The three teams will combine data, software, and tuned models to develop custom, purpose-built solutions for the drug development lifecycle.

OpenAI will contribute access to AI capabilities, including the ability to fine-tune models, deep AI expertise, and dedicated thought partnerships and resources.

Formation Bio, an AI and tech-driven drug developer with its pipeline of drug assets, will provide engineering resources, experience operating at the intersection of pharma and AI, and its tech-driven development platform to design, develop, and deploy AI technologies across all aspects of the pharma lifecycle.

The potential benefits of AI for patients awaiting new treatments are immense, and Sanofi, Formation Bio, and OpenAI aim to set the standard for drug developers.

Last month,  Moderna Inc   MRNA  and  Microsoft Corp   MSFT -backed OpenAI announced their ongoing  collaboration to co-innovate . 

Moderna began a collaboration with OpenAI in early 2023 with the launch of Moderna’s own instance of ChatGPT, called mChat. The company announced Wednesday that it has reached more than 80% internal adoption of mChat, which has accelerated the AI culture at Moderna.

Read Next:   Sanofi’s Multiple Sclerosis Antibody Shows Reduction Of Disease Activity .

Price Action:  SNY shares are down 0.62% at $48.12 during the premarket session at last check Tuesday.

Photo via Shutterstock

© 2024 Benzinga.com. Benzinga does not provide investment advice. All rights reserved.

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• All Michigan

What’s that? New market offering produce and more to open in Genesee Township

• Updated: May. 21, 2024, 11:07 a.m. |
• Published: May. 20, 2024, 2:15 p.m.

Coming in the fall, a new Dollar General Market is opening on Genesee and Stanley Road, providing residents with produce and goods. | Roberto Acosta Roberto Acosta

• Fuad Shalhout | [email protected]

GENESEE TWP, MI -- Mounds of overturned earth and concrete is turning heads at the intersection of Genesee and Stanley roads.

It’s the spot under construction where a new Dollar General Market is set to open this fall, providing residents with produce and goods.

Dollar General operates about 19,000 stores in the US, 2,700 of which focus on fresh groceries. DG Markets stock produce, meat, and other foods that aren’t typically found in dollar stores.

“There’s only about five of them in Michigan,” Genesee Township Supervisor Daniel Eashoo told MLive-The Flint Journal. “I’m envisioning it as a smaller version of Aldi and Save-a-Lot.”

The land used to be the home of the Mikatam Lounge and has been sitting vacant, Eashoo said, and he has been working to try and fill it with a business.

“They (Dollar General) are predicting by Labor Day they should be open,” Eashoo said. “It’s going to dress up our community very well. When you come in, you’re going to see a nice building, nice trees and grass.”

Other developments are in the works for the township.

A new gas station and convenience store are coming soon the southeast corner of Belsay and Richfield roads, which Eashoo believes will be a Hanibal’s Liquor Store.

Pomp’s Tire Service also plans to open on Dort Highway, north of Carpenter Road.

“I’ve very pleased these businesses are coming in, because it’s vacant land and we’re going to get more tax base out of it,” Eashoo said. “There’s always a need for a tire shop, grocery store. We now need restaurants in here.”

Approximately 21,000 people live in Genesee Township, consisting of 8,000 residential parcels.

Stories by Fuad Shalhout

• President Biden addresses thousands, rails against Trump at NAACP Detroit event
• New Genesee County Aldi store set to open this week
• Flint artist gets chance to sell handmade goods at Michaels store

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Visa Recasts Digital Wallet Landscape at Intersection of Identity and Payments

Throughout history, the number seven has held significant importance. There are seven days of the week, seven colors in a rainbow, the “lucky sevens” when playing the slots, and it is the number of things that experts say people can easily remember. 

It’s also the number of new consumer  payments  products introduced by  Visa  today (May 15), designed to make the issuer’s mobile banking app the center of digital commerce for their customers. The cornerstone of these seven new products — and their strategic intent — is to integrate identity with payments to create a seamless and secure digital payment experience for consumers, merchants  and  banks. The essence of the announcement centers around tokenized credentials issued by a bank. These seven products will  give issuers an opportunity  to turn their mobile banking apps into their own branded mobile wallet.  

Mark Nelsen , senior vice president and global head of consumer payments at Visa , told PYMNTS’ CEO Karen Webster that today’s announcement represents the culmination of a 10-year effort to create what is essentially a secure digital commerce passport that will unlock new experiences both online and offline for issuers, consumers and merchants anywhere Visa is accepted. The potential to shift the digital wallet dynamic is also not lost on Visa and Nelsen, who agree that using the mobile banking app as the centerpiece for provisioning these new digital products gives them a new value-added consumer use case.

“It’s about consumer choice and merchant choice,” Nelsen told Webster. “We’re starting to get away from [consumers and merchants] picking one way to pay because that’s just not going to be the reality throughout the world. For merchants, however, you want to be paid and how you want to receive money, we’re going to support you. Same with consumers. However they want to initiate a payment, we’ve got the technology to enable that as well. The underlying principle is choice.”

First Up: Passkeys

As Nelsen explained, perhaps the product introduction that will have the biggest implication for consumers is the introduction of  Visa  Payment Passkey Service, which confirms a consumer’s identity and authorizes online payments with a facial or fingerprint scan. When shopping online, passkeys replace the need for passwords or one-time codes, enabling more streamlined, secure transactions. 

Nelsen says consumers can expect a smoother online shopping experience with Passkeys, with transactions processed without identity confirmation calls from their banks. Obtaining them will be straightforward through their issuer’s mobile banking apps.  When prompted by their bank,  consumers can create a passkey for easier online payments.  A private key is generated and stored on the consumer’s device upon consent. This key  then  creates a digital signature for transactions, ensuring the bank can verify the user’s identity.

Passkeys’ first deployment will be into Click to Pay , a service offered primarily outside the U.S., which provides a digital credential linked to the consumer’s device. When  making a purchase , merchants can request a digital credential from Visa, which verifies the device information and issues a payment token. From the consumer’s perspective, the process involves clicking the “buy now” button, undergoing a brief facial scan  and  having their payment cards appear at checkout. Consumers then select their preferred payment card.

“We’ve all had times when you try to buy something and it doesn’t go through and you have to call your bank and they tell you there’s something suspicious about the transaction,” Nelsen told Webster. “With Passkeys, if you do the facial scan immediately upfront, you can do that real quick check. That means all these transactions will go through seamlessly and you no longer have to confirm your identity after the fact.”

One Card, Many Ways to Pay 

Ten years ago,  the notion of  using one card to access multiple forms of payment was all about a battery-powered plastic card with little buttons representing different  payments  choices.  Fast forward a decade, and Visa’s digital version of the one card to pay any way will allow a single card to toggle between payment methods, whether it’s debit, credit, buy now pay later  or  other installment plans. Flexible Credentials  are currently  live in Asia and will launch with BNPL provider Affirm later this summer in the U.S. 

Participating banks will issue the digital card and then offer consumers the choice to set preferences, such as paying with a debit card for transactions under $100 in real-time and using a credit line for amounts over $100 within the mobile banking app. This flexibility can be configured for a single payment credential through the mobile banking app, provided the issuer participates and removes the friction of using multiple cards for different purposes, enabling them to customize how they pay based on transaction amounts.

Issuers will have several options for managing payment rules and preferences for Flexible Credentials. They can either handle the configuration preferences internally or utilize a service provided by Visa, which offers APIs to set up these controls. These APIs can direct Visa to switch transactions to the appropriate funding source based on predefined rules.

“For the consumer Flexible Credentials can work with any type of funding source the bank would offer you,” Nelsen said. “Buy now, pay later would be one. Pay with cryptocurrency and paying with points would be two others. Whatever that banking institution will allow, the consumer would then have the option to choose the type of transaction and how they want it to be funded.”

More Tapping with Cards

At the end of 2023, Visa’s  Tap to Pay  service had a 65% reach globally, up two times the amount in 2019. Visa’s Tap to Everything capabilities will use a card to authenticate identity for online shopping by tapping their card against their mobile device, eliminating the need for manual entry.

Tap to Everything will also support tap-to-authenticate, tap-to-provision a card, and tap-to-peer-to-peer (P2P) payments, which is a new use case that initiates a P2P payment by entering the receiver details and tapping their card against their phone to authenticate and initiate the transfer to any receiver regardless of whether they are a Visa accountholder. 

Pay By Bank 

Building on its acquisition of EU-based FinTech Tink in March of 2022, Visa will bring pay-by-bank features to the U.S. by allowing consumers to directly link their bank accounts to make what would otherwise be an ACH bill payment. Nelsen said that Pay By Bank simplifies the setup process for consumers and makes it possible for billers to send a “pay by bank” link for automatic monthly payments, 

“It also has advantages for the biller, because they maintain their relationship with the consumer,” Nelsen said. “If for some reason the consumer needs more time, let’s say they’re late getting paid, or if they changed jobs and their pay date comes a little bit later in the month, they can ask the biller [to shift the due date] It provides a nice channel of communication between the consumer and the biller in a way that really doesn’t exist easily today.”

Payment economics remain largely the same, Nelsen said, largely because Visa’s Pay by Bank solution eliminates the costs billers pay when they use bill pay rails.

Fighting Push Payments Fraud

Push  payments  fraud using faster  payments  rails has become a big topic of conversation worldwide.  Although the sender authorizes these payments, the receiver may be a fraudster. Once sent,  the funds are irretrievable.  Nelsen told Webster that  banks running transactions over faster  payents  rails  may  be challenged  to recognize many fraudulent transactions simply because there isn’t enough volume to  have a true picture of  who those fraudulent endpoints might be.   

The expansion of Visa Protect to account-to-account payments is a new data set that enriches real-time rail transactions with Visa consumer payments data to help flag fraudsters and protect issuers and consumers.  Nelsen described it as one more set of eyes that  helps  the banks determine whether the transaction is legitimate.

“Rather than building a model that’s based just on the RTP data, we look at the bank account, the ACH/RTP transaction set, and then for the debit card, what are the associated debit card transactions that also occur?” Nelsen said. “And you combine both assets to provide better risk intelligence for the issuer. They will have more confidence as well in terms of ‘should I initiate this transfer of money?’ “ 

Data Tokens for Consumers

Today, 29% of all transactions processed by Visa  are tokenized . Consumers can now use them. Doing so could put an end to irrelevant offers and the unfettered use of consumer data by third parties for marketing purposes.  

Nelsen said that Visa’s data tokens give consumers the power and the tools to control who has access to their payment data and when they may want to revoke those privileges. “A lot of issuers provide offers when you log into the app,” he said. “We can help the issuers also now have  a much more relevant set of offers that could be provided to their consumer.”

The idea is to establish  a permissioned  consent from consumers for more personalized offers driven by AI and transaction data. Integration with the bank happens when Visa  passes the token back  to the bank to capture where the data has  been shared . 

The Power of Seven

Nelsen emphasized that the new products and services  are built  for the entire payments ecosystem but give issuers new capabilities to turn their mobile banking apps into digital payments and commerce focal points. Yet  with  the competitive authority to now play more fully in the digital wallet ecosystem, Nelsen said that consumers will also expect more from their banks. He believes the seven products Visa is launching today will give them a strong foundation  upon which  to innovate the consumer experience. 

It is something Nelsen also believes will be essential, as AI-powered tokens will, at some point in the  not too distant  future,  make the choice of  card products and  payments  types automatic and invisible.   

“It will be an interesting challenge for the banks,” he said. “Some of the banks will thrive and do really well. And some may suffer. Consumers will then start to prefer those issuers who have the better experience, who provide the better conversion rate or provide the better click-through rates. We’ll have to do is work closely with the issuers to make sure they’re not falling behind.”

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• Life Skills

Don't always depend on GPS. Your sense of direction will thank you

Andrew Limbong

There's a not-so-sacred ritual I practice almost every time I drive somewhere. It happens before I put on my seat belt, check my mirror and turn on the engine. I type in the address of wherever I'm going into my phone. I have a terrible sense of direction, so without the seemingly omniscient guide of GPS — the Global Positioning System — not only would I be lost, I'd feel lost.

It makes me wonder: Is there anything I can do to improve my navigation skills? The answer is yes, say researchers who study this topic. Let go of your fear of getting lost, be observant and practice keeping "a sense of direction in your head as you travel," says Mary Hegarty , a cognitive psychologist at the Spatial Thinking Lab at University of California, Santa Barbara. "When you have GPS on, you're probably not thinking of any of that."

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An over-reliance on GPS can also lead to a narrower view of your surroundings, she says. "You're not paying attention to the broader environment that gives you cues" of where you are in space — what's on your right or left and what it means to be "here."

In fact, people who have a good internal compass may have a deeper connection to the world around them, says Hugo Spiers , a professor of cognitive neuroscience at University College London. He studied the brains of London cab drivers , who are required to memorize about 25,000 street names in the city in order to get the job. And he found that once the cab drivers mastered the names, "they had a real sense of ownership of the city" — and greater power over their environment.

If you want to gain confidence on the road or be less reliant on GPS to get around, here are some steps you can take to boost your sense of direction.

Turn off your GPS and get lost on purpose

If you're not pressed for time, turn off your GPS and try to find your way around town, says Ben Gero, an outdoor recreation specialist with Cleveland Metroparks, a system of nature preserves in Ohio. He helps kids from the city get acclimated to the outdoors and teaches skills like navigation.

"Next time you go for a stroll, go down a road you've not walked and see where it ends up," says Gero. Or take the scenic route "to your favorite bodega, bar or coffee shop." This works if you're walking, biking or driving. Then see if you can make it back home without a GPS from your destination.

Learning a new skill can be hard. Here's how to set yourself up for success

The goal is to get comfortable with getting lost and moving through the world without a map, he says. "We've all gotten used to the idea that we've got to go, go, go to get to our spot. What's the harm in taking five to 10 minutes longer to get back to the highway?"

Use landmarks to orient yourself

Not sure if you're north, south, east or west from home? The experts we spoke to suggest picking a few landmarks in town to help orient yourself.

The ideal landmark is large and far away, like a big sign, a highway, a tall building or a bridge "so it can serve as a better cue to orientation," says Hegarty. She uses the mountains where she lives in Santa Barbara as her landmark. No matter where she is in the city, she knows that the mountains are north.

Be curious about your surroundings

Whether you're going somewhere new or to a place you've been to loads of times, it's helpful to just turn around and see what the view looks like behind you. Looking at your surroundings from different perspectives can help you remember the details of your route, says Hegarty — and give you visual cues on "how to get back."

Understand the layout of the city

If you're trying to figure out where you are in a new place, it helps to understand the basic street layout. Many cities are arranged in a grid pattern. Washington, D.C., for example, is divided into four quadrants and has streets that run three ways: north-south, east-west and diagonally.

How to plan your dream vacation

Other cities have streets with special naming conventions. Gero says in Ogden, Utah, where he used to live, the north-south streets are named after U.S. presidents and are arranged in chronological order starting from the center of town. "So instead of First Street, it is Washington," he says. Even if you don't have your presidents memorized, you have a general sense of which direction you need to go if you're on say, Van Buren and need to get to Washington.

Use memory tricks to remember where you are

People with a good sense of direction — like the London cabbies — know their streets. While you might not be able to master 25,000 of them, you can try an expert navigation tactic. Commit street names, landmarks and routes to memory by using "narratives and tricks to lock things in," says Hugo Spiers. This is especially helpful when street names are abstract and don't follow a logical order.

The process of connecting a story or idea to a place is called building a cognitive map. It gives you "an idea of where things are and how they're connected," says Spiers.

So as you navigate your way without a map, look around and use stories and memory devices to remember the details of your surroundings. You might say, "I'm making a right on 12th Street where I got churros with my friend that one day, then I'm heading up P Street toward the park — that is P for park."

Will these tricks turn you into an expert navigator able to locate your way out of being lost in the woods? Probably not. But you can use them to gain a better sense of ownership over your surroundings and ease any anxiety about getting lost.

The digital story was edited by Malaka Gharib. The visual editor is Beck Harlan. We'd love to hear from you. Leave us a voicemail at 202-216-9823, or email us at [email protected].

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• Life Kit: Life Skills

Celtics get subtle Kristaps Porzingis boost due to West semis

• Published: May. 17, 2024, 12:08 p.m.

Boston Celtics center Kristaps Porzingis (8) gestures after scoring a three-point basket during the first half of an NBA basketball game against the Miami Heat, Thursday, Jan. 25, 2024, in Miami. (AP Photo/Marta Lavandier) AP

• Souichi Terada | [email protected]

The Celtics don’t know their East Finals opponent yet , but they do know they’ll get an extended break from the end of the second round to the conference finals. After the Timberwolves beat the Nuggets on Thursday to force a Game 7, it officially pushed back the East Finals from Sunday to Tuesday due to the TV schedules.

So even though the C’s still must wait for either the Knicks or the Pacers to advance, they know Game 1 of the East Finals is set for 8 p.m. Tuesday at TD Garden. Notably, that’s a subtle-yet-important boost for the Celtics in the form of giving Kristaps Porzingis an extra couple days of rest .

At this point, Porzingis’ status is unclear after he missed the entire East semifinal series against the Cavaliers. The Celtics took care of the Cavs in five games, much like they did with the Heat in the first round. So not only does Porzingis get the added time off, but the C’s also get to rest nearly a week between the East semis and East Finals. That goes a long way over the course of a deep playoff run.

“It’s something; it’s not nothing,” Porzingis said of his injury May 4. “So it will take a little bit of time, for sure. But I’m doing everything I can to like speed it up because I want to be back out there as soon as possible. But, understanding like, the worst thing would be like probably to re-aggravate that. So being smart.”

Porzingis last played in a game April 29, which was Game 4 against the Heat. The big man revealed his right soleus strain diagnosis was more optimistic than originally expected, but was still considered a week-to-week injury. With Game 1 of the East Finals set for May 21, that means it will be 22 days since Porzingis hurt his calf.

There haven’t been too many updates on Porzingis’ status thus far. He was ruled out for all five games against the Cavs on the injury report, so there wasn’t any chance he was going to play. But Porzingis did get in some work during open portions to the media, showcasing that his calf is indeed healing. At this point, it’s just unclear how far along Porzingis is in his recovery process.

The C’s were able to deal with the Cavs in the East semis, but they’ll hope their talented big man is back soon. As seen during the regular season, Porzingis’ two-way play is a valuable part of the team hitting its ceiling. They’ll be heavy favorites over the Knicks or Pacers, but getting Porzingis up to 100% ahead of a potential NBA Finals matchup is also an important factor going forward.

For now, Celtics fans can hope for the best in Porzingis’ return from injury. There hasn’t been any reported setback thus far, so that’s also a positive. But at the very minimum, the Celtics put themselves in the best position possible going forward after taking care of the Heat then Cavs in five games, allowing them to get plenty of rest.

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Proposed restaurant in Walnut Creek has some residents concerned about traffic impact

By pete suratos • published may 20, 2024 • updated 4 hours ago.

A new Chick-Fil-A restaurant could be coming to Walnut Creek — but not everyone is excited, with some concerned that the popular chain could create traffic issues near a busy intersection. A public hearing on the matter is set for Tuesday. 

Locals are concerned because the proposed restaurant will be near Ygnacio Valley Road, which can get pretty busy during the evening commute. 

“It’s going to create a traffic nightmare. You got Northgate High School right up the street, you got Ignacio Valley right down the street. At certain times during the day it's going to be pretty chaotic,” said Walnut Creek resident Dean Stewart. 

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In March, the city’s planning commission approved a conditional use permit to build the Chick-Fil-A inside of the Citrus Marketplace Shopping Center on Oak Grove Road. It’s a relatively empty plaza compared to other shopping centers in the area. 

Some people who live nearby quickly filed an appeal, citing traffic concerns over its proximity to a busy intersection and because the proposed location would not include a drive-thru. The appeal claims the latter point would make the center even busier due to food delivery services. 

A traffic study by the city, however, disputed both claims. It said the restaurant would not substantially impact traffic. 

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“I think it would be fine. There’s not a lot in that plaza,” said Concord resident Madeline Kleven. “So as long as there's parking, then I think the traffic wouldn't be too bad.”

A city spokesperson went on to say: “No decisions have been made and both sides will be heard. The project made its way through the planning process because it met all the necessary requirements. More information will be known after tomorrow night’s council meeting.”

Until a final decision is made, feelings are mixed. 

“It is a wonderful restaurant,” said Kyanna Collins, who works in Walnut Creek. “A lot of people love it. But it definitely could be an issue.”

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Introducing the ultimate Copilot+ PCs – The all-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop

• Pete Kyriacou – CVP, Microsoft Devices

Today, Microsoft and Surface introduced the fastest, most intelligent Windows PCs ever: Copilot+ PCs. The all-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop are the ultimate Copilot+ PCs, delivering incredible performance, all-day battery life and brand-new AI experiences. They showcase the beauty and innovation that happens at the intersection of software and hardware.

Surface was created to lead the PC industry with innovation and technology that showcases the best of Microsoft and empowers our customers to achieve more. We’ve been at the forefront of new PC categories, with thoughtful designs and new features that inspire our customers. And as we dive into the new wave of AI, Surface continues to put our customers first.

Copilot+ PCs

Copilot+ PCs provide a quantum leap in computing, with power, performance and breakthrough AI experiences. Debuting with Snapdragon ® X Elite and Snapdragon X Plus processors, Copilot+ PCs are tuned to deliver optimal processing and response times – and are faster than the latest Macbook Air. i

Performance like this means the apps customers love work great. Microsoft has partnered closely with developers across the globe to optimize their applications for this processor. In addition, the powerful new Prism emulation engine delivers a 2x performance boost compared to Surface Pro 9 with 5G. On the new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop, powered by Snapdragon X Elite and Snapdragon X Plus processors, experiences like Adobe Creative Cloud, Microsoft 365 and Chrome will feel snappy, quick and responsive.

In addition, Copilot+ PCs have the most powerful Neural Processing Units (NPUs) in the PC category today. With over 45 trillion of operations per second (TOPS), these NPUs power new AI experiences – here are three that we love:

In addition to Microsoft experiences, the power of the NPU extends in our work with developers who are leveraging the NPU for their own AI workloads. Some examples of these new AI experiences include:

• Davinci Resolve: Effortlessly apply visual effects to objects and people using NPU-accelerated Magic Mask in DaVinci Resolve Studio.
• Cephable: Stay in your flow with faster, more responsive adaptive input controls, like head movement or facial expressions via the new NPU-powered camera pipeline in Cephable .
• CapCut: Remove the background from any video clip in a snap using Auto Cutout running on the NPU in CapCut.

We are seeing many developers around the world and across various industries working on exciting new ways to accelerate their applications using the power of the NPU, including: WhatsApp, Luminar Neo, LiquidText, Camo, djay Pro and more.

All-new Surface Pro

Over 10 years ago, Surface pioneered the 2-in-1 category. Since then, the tablet that can replace your laptop has advanced the expectations of a productivity device, delivering more power, more battery life and innovation people love. The all-new Surface Pro unlocks a new way to think about a laptop: Combining accelerated performance, all-day battery life and industry-leading AI capabilities in an ultra-flexible design that can replace your tablet, your laptop and can even power your multi-monitor set-up.

The all-new Surface Pro , powered by Snapdragon® X Elite and Snapdragon X Plus processors, delivers incredibly fast speeds, 90% faster than Surface Pro 9. It’s built for the ultimate multitasker, supporting up to three external 4K displays, with two USB 4 ports, and a stunning 13” display with new optional OLED with HDR technology, delivering new levels of peak brightness and immersive colors. Wi-Fi 7 offers the fastest wireless connection iv available and optional 5G v keeps you connected to the fastest cellular network, while you’re on the move.

The ultra-wide, quad-HD front-facing camera is our best Surface camera ever. AI-powered Windows Studio Effects like Automatic Framing, keep you in focus, even as you move around your space. The 10MP Ultra HD rear-facing autofocus camera supports 4K video so you can capture and edit all on one device.

Surface Pro is made with more recycled materials than Surface Pro 9, including 72% recycled content in the enclosure. vi Surface Pro is serviceable by design with more replaceable components than ever, including the motherboard, battery, cameras and more.

The all-new Surface Pro Flex Keyboard unlocks new levels of flexibility. It’s ready to be used attached to your Pro for the ultimate laptop set-up or detached for more flexibility and to support your creative workflows.

It is built with enhanced extra carbon fiber layers for stability and has a larger, customizable haptic touchpad. With integrated pen storage, your Slim Pen is secure, charged and ready to go.

Surface Slim Pen gets even better with the new Surface Pro, with all new AI experiences. The ink now flows naturally with Zero Force inking, ultra-precise shading, 4,096 points of pressure sensitivity and a built-in haptic engine for a more natural writing experience.

The all-new Surface Pro is the most flexible laptop, reimagined.

All-new Surface Laptop

When we first launched Surface Laptop, it redefined the classic PC category, pushing boundaries and elevating the user experience to new heights. We introduced premium materials, a vibrant array of colors, ultra-productive 3:2 aspect ratio touchscreens, and a fit and finish like nothing else. We delivered power and performance, and the best typing experience on the market to this day, in a light, sleek design. Beyond elegant design, the Surface Laptop showcased an incredible balance of premium features that delivered the best of Microsoft on a Surface device. This holistic approach revolutionized the industry, setting new standards for excellence and heralding a new era of innovation in laptop design.

The all-new Surface Laptop maintains these principles – purpose built to unlock a new AI era with Copilot experiences that transform the PC experience.

Redesigned from the inside out, this new Laptop has modern lines and a stunning PixelSense touchscreen display with razor-thin bezels.  With 120Hz refresh rate, HDR technology, Dolby Vision IQ™ vii and Adaptive color technology, this display delivers crisper whites, darker blacks and an extended color spectrum. There are two screen sizes, as our new 13.8” display provides larger viewing area than a traditional 14” laptop, in a more compact design and a 15” with an even larger working canvas. This ultra-light and stylish Laptop comes in four stunning colors viii : Platinum, Black, Dune and Sapphire.

Surface Laptop unleashes lightning-fast speed and AI accelerated power for the ultimate multitasking. It is 86% faster than Laptop 5, delivering incredible performance.  It can power up to three external 4K monitors. The 45 TOPS NPU unlocks new AI experiences and delivers industry-leading performance for seamless productivity with the longest battery life on any Surface – up to 22 hours on the Surface Laptop 15” ix and up to 20 on the Surface Laptop 13.8” x . With a large variety of ports and lightning-fast Wi-Fi 7, you will always be connected.

The new Surface Laptop has a Full HD Surface Studio Camera that supports AI-powered Windows Studio Effects like Automatic Framing, Portrait Blur, Creative Filters and Voice Focus – so you come across clearly and confidently. AI-enhanced sound with premium Omnisonic® Speakers and Dolby® Atmos® xi , and Studio Mics amplify your voice and presence.

Surface Laptop is known for its comfortable and quiet typing experience and now, every keystroke is perfected. With optimal key travel for accurate and swift typing and a large precision haptic touchpad that is smooth, responsive and customizable for your personal preference.

This is the fastest, most intelligent Surface Laptop ever.

Surface product principles

Accessibility, security and sustainability are core components in every product in the Surface lineup. The all-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop make major strides across all three categories.

Surface products are built to empower everyone on the planet to achieve more. When we develop inclusive products, we create a more comfortable and empowering product experience for everyone, without excluding people in the process. Our journey involves continuous learning from the disability community, placing them at the heart of our design process to develop solutions that unlock their full potential.

Our accessible offerings are comprehensive, ranging from an ecosystem of adaptive accessories to adaptive features built into the fabric of our hardware and software. With the new Copilot+ PCs from Surface, we continued to prioritize adaptability, resulting in products that are inclusive by design.

That’s why we designed the new Surface Pro Flex Keyboard with a bold keyset option, xii to reduce eye strain and assist people with low vision. We added a customizable, haptic touchpad, the most inclusive touchpad on the market today, to both our Surface Pro keyboard and our Surface Laptop, empowering customers with a wide range of hand movement and dexterity capabilities to easily adjust the touchpad to their preferences, resulting in a more delightful experience for all.

These hardware capabilities, alongside new experiences that utilize the power of the NPU, increase your productivity and creativity, allowing you to work, learn and play in the way that is most natural to you.

Security and privacy are always top of mind for us, implementing chip-to-cloud security that begins with inherently secure Surface devices. These new Surface PCs are meticulously built to protect your data from day one. Starting with tracing the origin of even the smallest components on the motherboard through building the lines of code ensuring a secure boot. Every Copilot+ PC will be a Secured-Core PC with Microsoft Pluton Security enabled by default and Windows Hello Enhanced Sign-in enabled by default. We take our responsibility to keep your data safe seriously.

In 2020, Microsoft set a goal to become carbon negative by 2030 – and at Surface, we know we have a responsibility to the planet. With the new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop we are introducing our most significant sustainability advancements yet. We have reduced our carbon emissions by an average of 78% per enclosure through several sustainability interventions, including using 100% recycled aluminum alloy, 100% recycled rare-earth metal magnets and 100% carbon free electricity at manufacturing facilities. xiii

We are also committed to reducing plastic waste – with all-new paper-based packaging with more recyclable components – and extending the lifetime of your device with innovative repairability features.

This is just the beginning. We will continue delivering sustainability advancements across the device lifecycle as we work towards Microsoft’s 2030 commitments.

Pre-order today

The brand-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop deliver incredible speeds, all-day battery life and all-new AI experiences, all starting at $999. You can pre-order today and learn more about our new products at Microsoft.com. They’ll be available at key retailers worldwide starting June 18. To learn more about Surface for your organization, visit the Surface for Business blog.

i   Based on Cinebench 2024 Multi-threaded conducted by Microsoft in April 2024 comparing pre-release build of Surface Laptop with Snapdragon X Elite running pre-release Windows 11 26100 and Apple MacBook Air 13″ with M3 running macOS 14 Sonoma.  

ii   Recall is optimized for select languages (English, Chinese (simplified), French, German, Japanese and Spanish.) Content-based and storage limitations apply. See https://aka.ms/copilotpluspcs .  

iii   Currently supports translation for video and audio subtitles into English from 40+ languages. See https://aka.ms/copilotpluspcs .  

iv   6GHz band not available in all regions.  

v   5G availability options with 5G coming later in 2024. 5G not available in all areas; compatibility and performance depends on carrier network, plan and other factors. See carrier for details and pricing.  

vi   Enclosure includes Bucket and Kickstand. 100% recycled aluminum alloy in Bucket and Kickstand. 100% recycled rare earth metals in magnets. Based on validation performed by Underwriter Laboratories, Inc. using Environmental Claim Validation Procedure, UL 2809-2, Second Edition, November 7, 2023.   

vii   Requires Dolby Vision® encoded content and video.  

viii   Colors available on selected models only. Available colors, sizes, finishes and processors may vary by store, market and configuration.  

ix   Local video playback: Testing conducted by Microsoft in April 2024 using preproduction software and preproduction Surface Laptop Snapdragon® X Elite C12 512GB, 16GB RAM devices. Testing consisted of full battery discharge during video playback of a .mov file through the Windows Media Player application in 1080p at 24 FPS. All settings were default except screen brightness set to 150 nits with Auto-brightness disabled. Wi-Fi was connected to a network. Tested with Windows 11. Battery life varies significantly with settings, usage and other factors.  

x   Local video playback: Testing conducted by Microsoft in April 2024 using preproduction software and preproduction Surface Laptop Snapdragon® X Plus C10 256GB, 16GB RAM devices. Testing consisted of full battery discharge during video playback of a .mov file through the Windows Media Player application in 1080p at 24 FPS. All settings were default except screen brightness set to 150 nits with Auto-brightness disabled. Wi-Fi was connected to a network. Tested with Windows 11. Battery life varies significantly with settings, usage and other factors.  

xi  Requires Dolby® Atmos® encoded content/audio.  

xii  Surface Pro Flex Keyboard with bold keyset available only in U.S. English.  

xiii  As compared to a baseline no-interventions scenario modeling the same products without any sustainability interventions in the production phase of the devices.  

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Pa. seeks to boost kids’ health coverage and more with Medicaid waiver

• Updated: May. 21, 2024, 1:34 a.m. |
• Published: May. 20, 2024, 5:15 a.m.

Pa. seeks to protect children’s health coverage with Medicaid waiver Dan Gleiter | [email protected]

• Zack Hoopes | [email protected]

When her daughter was younger, Brooke Petry’s annual Medicaid renewal was akin to a scheduled anxiety attack.

The state required extensive documentation of her income and her partner’s, along with an often ambiguous list of questions about her family’s circumstances. Trying to get clarification often meant hours on the phone, sometimes with conflicting answers. If the Philadelphia-area mom messed anything up, her daughter might end up without healthcare.

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