graduate student research papers

Harvard University Theses, Dissertations, and Prize Papers

The Harvard University Archives ’ collection of theses, dissertations, and prize papers document the wide range of academic research undertaken by Harvard students over the course of the University’s history.

Beyond their value as pieces of original research, these collections document the history of American higher education, chronicling both the growth of Harvard as a major research institution as well as the development of numerous academic fields. They are also an important source of biographical information, offering insight into the academic careers of the authors.

Spanning from the ‘theses and quaestiones’ of the 17th and 18th centuries to the current yearly output of student research, they include both the first Harvard Ph.D. dissertation (by William Byerly, Ph.D . 1873) and the dissertation of the first woman to earn a doctorate from Harvard ( Lorna Myrtle Hodgkinson , Ed.D. 1922).

Other highlights include:

• The collection of Mathematical theses, 1782-1839
• The 1895 Ph.D. dissertation of W.E.B. Du Bois, The suppression of the African slave trade in the United States, 1638-1871
• Ph.D. dissertations of astronomer Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (Ph.D. 1925) and physicist John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (Ph.D. 1922)
• Undergraduate honors theses of novelist John Updike (A.B. 1954), filmmaker Terrence Malick (A.B. 1966),  and U.S. poet laureate Tracy Smith (A.B. 1994)
• Undergraduate prize papers and dissertations of philosophers Ralph Waldo Emerson (A.B. 1821), George Santayana (Ph.D. 1889), and W.V. Quine (Ph.D. 1932)
• Undergraduate honors theses of U.S. President John F. Kennedy (A.B. 1940) and Chief Justice John Roberts (A.B. 1976)

What does a prize-winning thesis look like?

If you're a Harvard undergraduate writing your own thesis, it can be helpful to review recent prize-winning theses. The Harvard University Archives has made available for digital lending all of the Thomas Hoopes Prize winners from the 2019-2021 academic years.

Accessing These Materials

How to access materials at the Harvard University Archives

How to find and request dissertations, in person or virtually

How to find and request undergraduate honors theses

How to find and request Thomas Temple Hoopes Prize papers

How to find and request Bowdoin Prize papers

• email: Email
• Phone number 617-495-2461

Related Collections

Harvard faculty personal and professional archives, harvard student life collections: arts, sports, politics and social life, access materials at the harvard university archives.

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How to Write Excellent Graduate-Level Papers

“How to Write Excellent Graduate-Level Papers” brought to you by the Student Academic Success Center (SASC) at UNE.

Becoming a better writer – the process

Breaking a writing project down into phases helps with motivation as well as managing your time and workload effectively. The phases of the process – prewriting, drafting, revision, and editing – are described below. Each step allows you to focus your energy in a particular way, with it all adding up to a more thoughtful, clear piece of writing.

The phases don’t have to be done in a set, linear order, if that’s not effective for you. If you like to write some rough draft paragraphs first, then go back and do a post-draft outline or revise those paragraphs before continuing, that’s fine. The key is to make sure each part of the process is done thoroughly before you consider your paper finished.

Let’s start with using prewriting to get the process rolling:

Using various prewriting strategies can help you avoid procrastinating and start a draft on the right track. You aren’t under pressure to develop a paper yet – this is about unlocking the flow of ideas. Play around with some of these strategies to find ones that work best for you:

• Tap into your curiosity

When you’re faced with an assignment, spend some time simply wondering about the topic. What intrigues you? Why should you and others in your profession care about it? Come up with a couple of relevant questions that you want to explore. Then consider which questions are most meaningful to you personally and professionally—and why? This can be done on paper, in conversation with someone else, or internally.

• Relate the assignment to your profession

Think about why the assignment is important to your field of study and work as a health professional, a social worker, an educator, etc. Making your assignment as personally and professionally relevant as possible helps with generating the motivation to start writing and keeping the momentum through the process. View this as an opportunity to learn useful information.

• Use the assignment itself as an outline

Copy the assignment and paste it into a new document. Break it apart visually by adding line spaces and/or tabs. This will help you more easily identify key concepts which need to be explained and verbs that indicate critical thinking is required (e.g., analyze, compare, evaluate). Create a rough outline using parts of the assignment as headings for different sections of the paper.

Similarly, you could annotate the assignment by marking up the key words and concepts and making little notes in the margins about what to add or how sections or ideas might tie together.

• Leverage what you already know, and then research with a purpose

Another very helpful strategy is to identify key concepts in the assignment description, then brainstorm what you already know about them based on the class readings or videos. Next, make a list of questions you still have about the concepts and overall topic. These will help drive the additional research needed to fill in your gaps of knowledge and locate credible evidence to support your explanations.

Having those questions makes researching more efficient because you have a purpose for reading: you’re looking for pieces of information rather than simply reading articles.

Read more: Faculty Spotlight: Lori Rand, Writing Specialist at SASC

The drafting phase involves determining your focus and starting to develop paragraph ideas within a structure. Keep a copy of the assignment on your draft as you write. Clarify the point of your paper – what is the main question that the assignment asking you to answer?

Think of a draft as packaging ideas into paragraphs that all relate to the paper’s main focus, as summed up in the thesis statement. For clarity, try to keep each paragraph focused on one idea at a time. However, because this phase is about getting thoughts down, and thoughts often jump around, drafting tends to be messy. That’s okay! The next step, revision, is where you really improve the writing.

In this phase, you can work on improving how you are guiding your reader through your thinking. Your reader will understand your ideas more easily if they are clearly focused, well-developed with specific evidence (correctly cited), and nicely organized.

Two strategies to guide you through revision include SASC’s Revision Checklist and Post-draft Outline, found here under Writing Resources. A writing appointment is also a great way to learn about and practice revision skills.

Editing is the final, polishing phase; it involves correcting sentence-level issues and technical aspects, such as word choice and grammar. Readers pick up these issues quickly because they can be the most obvious. Carelessness with grammar or word choice can lead to misunderstandings and make your writing seem unprofessional.

Trust the process

As mentioned earlier, the writing process is not necessarily a linear, step-by-step approach; it’s recursive, so it’s highly likely you’ll move back and forth between phases as you figure out your focus and organization of ideas.

Using this process gets easier with practice, and it works well in any writing situations, not just for graduate school assignments and scholarly papers.

Once you develop the most efficient method for your learning style, not only will you get faster, you will produce better academic papers.

Book an appointment

The SASC can help with all phases of the writing process via an Online Writing Support Appointment.  Visit the Online Student page for more details about writing support and resources.

For more online education insider tips and guides, subscribe today!

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Home > Graduate College > Student Work > Graduate Research Papers

Graduate Research Papers

The Graduate Research Paper/Project is a non-thesis paper/project, which can be considered the capstone of the graduate program. For the paper, students synthesize information they have learned throughout the program and apply it to the field experience. There are some papers/projects in this collection that were done for specific classes within the graduate curriculum. To view the Award Winners , click here .

Browse Graduate Research Paper/Project by academic department :

College of Education

• Curriculum and Instruction
• Educational Psychology, Foundations, and Leadership Studies
• Health, Recreation, and Community Services
• Kinesiology
• School of Kinesiology, Allied Health and Human Services

College of Humanities, Arts, and Sciences

• Chemistry and Biochemistry
• Communication Sciences and Disorders
• Communication and Media
• Earth and Environmental Sciences
• Languages and Literatures
• Science Education Program

College of Social and Behavioral Sciences

• Social Work

Browse Graduate Research Papers by year of completion :

Submissions from 2024 2024

Where are the Girls in Young Adult Sports Fiction Books? , Sara Stark Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Emma Andersen, Violin , Emma Andersen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Influence of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults , Karlyn Bouska Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Impacts of Schools, Technology, and Covid-19 on Elementary Students’ Social Skills: Next Steps Post Covid-19 , Paige Busick Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Desert or Mirage? An Examination of Food Deserts in Iowa Cities , Andrew Creasey Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Achieving Cost-Effectiveness in the Production of High-Quality Plastic Tiles through Chemical Recycling , Emmanuel Ophel Gilbert Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Academic Health Department Partnerships: Impacts and Implications , Madeline Kraft Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Morgan List, Piano In a Graduate Recital , Morgan List Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

How Pizza and Stickers Drove My Kids to Read and Kept Them Reading , Tiya Montaño Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A Departure from Standards Focused Writing , Clement Peneueta Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Joley Seitz, Soprano In a Graduate Recital , Joley Seitz Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Caleb Self, Composition in a Graduate Student Recital , Caleb Self Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Evaluation of a Plate Tectonic NGSS-Designed Unit in Ninth-Grade Earth and Space Science Using an EQuIP Rubric , Amber Rose Heller Sherwood Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing Smart Grids: A Comprehensive Literature Review , Steven Stroud Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Investigating the Effects Math Achievement Has on a Student’s Attitude Toward Physics , Katherine Weivoda Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Impact on Growth of the Scientific and Engineering Practices Throughout the Semester in 9th Grade Earth Science , Mallory Wills-Howe Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Submissions from 2023 2023

Bat Boy: A Novel for Grades 3-6 , Ryan Basye Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A Survey of Science and Social Studies Series Bibliographies , Carol Wolf Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An Investigation of the Life and Times of John Locke Reflected in Selected Writings and Writers of Three Centuries , Ethel Doescher Zwanziger Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An Analysis of Sex Trafficking Support Services in Mental Health Care for Survivors , Darian Marie Alexandria Auge Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Motivations and Execution of Corporate Charitable Giving , Matthew Richard Johnson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Impact of Philanthropic Stewardship on Distributions from Donor Advised Funds , Elizabeth Messerli Open Access Graduate Research Paper

How Women Are Changing Philanthropy in the United States , Katrina M. Pipasts Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Latino/a First Generation College Students: Academic Success, Sense of Belonging, and Overall Well-Being , Alma Puga Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Digital Marketing as Best Practice for Fundraising and Donor Loyalty , Jake Hennes Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Matching the Art with Science: Best Practices for Major Gift Programs , Andrew Peter Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

An Analysis of Social Media Practices in the Nonprofit Field , Samantha Schupanitz Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Integrating a humanities and business education course: Issues, problems, and benefits , Rhea R. Walker Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An Analysis of a Multigenerational Workforce , Paula F. Atkins Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Assessing Policy Implementation In The Iowa Department of Veterans Affairs: A Case-By-Case County Analysis , Dylan Boles Open Access Graduate Research Paper

¿Adónde ir? Los efectos perpetuos de la formación "inexistente" para maestros de inmersión lingüística , Cody J. Boozell Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Diversity in Collections Utilizing Accelerated Reader Programs , Leah Cahill Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Tolerance Allocation Considering Multiple Phases of the Product Life Cycle for Optimum Cost, Performance, and Sustainability Using the HEIM Framework , Shravya Dorna Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

A Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) Aligned 3rd Grade Weather Unit , Jennifer Hageman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Development and Implementation of a NGSS Curriculum Unit for Astronomy in Ninth-Grade Earth and Space Science , Jessica Hughes Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Communicating Emotions Through Art and Conversation , Paige E. Kayvan, Samantha R. Doyle, Payton Cannon, and Traci Jolley Open Access Graduate Research Paper 2024 Award

The Impact of Summer Camps on the Perceptions of Individuals with Disabilities and Their Support Systems , Sally Krull Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Failure to Thrive: Exploring the Relationship Between Organizational Resilience, COVID-19, and The Great Resignation , Tyler R. Lanz Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in a Trap-Neuter-Release (TNR) Program and Its Effects on Urban and Rural Demographics as a Long-Term Solution for Community Cat Management , Hannah E. Litke Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Research Portfolio , JuanDaniel Lopez Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Read the Feed: Evaluating the Role of an Interactive Infant Feeding Simulator on Demonstrated Feeding Skills , Sarah MacDougall, Kelsey Feller, and Alyssa Mason Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Promoting Social-Emotional Development in Elementary Children Through the Use of Quality Picture Books: A Content Analysis , Shauna Mostek Open Access Graduate Research Paper

White Saviorism and the Nonprofit Sector , Candice Revita-Ramirez Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

What's Your Story? An Analysis of Video Storytelling for Nonprofit Organizations , Madeline Rummel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Factors Influencing Participation in Collegiate Bands , Stephen Seaberg Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Fostering Post-Secondary Education Opportunities for Today's Foster Children , William Michael Smith Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Does systematic phonological awareness in the early primary grades impact student learning beyond primary grades , Renee Lyn Sorenson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

La Serva Padrona: Production Research and Design , Grace Sullivan Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Comparison of Load Balancing Algorithms in Cloud Computing , Rajkumar Vishnani Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Using Fundraising Data Strategically in Nonprofit Organizations to Drive Relational Fundraising , Anna L. Warner Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Somewhere I Belong: An Assessment of Nonprofit Retention Initiatives Through Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion , Janessa Weightman Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Submissions from 2022 2022

An examination of the six roles of the dental hygienist in relation to the field dependence-field independence construct , Melanie R. Hamer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Building an understanding of the Common Core state standards and complex texts, while supporting upper elementary readers with complex text through shared reading , Joanna Mae Carlson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Identifying misconceptions about evolution relative to science curriculum exposure at the secondary level , Rachel Carney Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A historical analysis of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agencies (FEMA) response and recovery to Gulf Coast hurricane and other weather-related disasters , Lauren Marie Denning Open Access Graduate Research Paper

High school earth science students evaluating agricultural solutions , Jaclyn Citlali Sanchez Erickson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Relationship between decoding and writing with early readers: An action research study , Nicole M. Henningsen Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Vocabulary strategies in elementary science - A self-study , Katherine Hooey Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Partnership to grow effective readers: professional learning for interventionists and classroom teachers , Jennifer Lane Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teacher librarian influence on students' self-selection of books , Elizabeth A. Nelson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of Native Americans and Native culture in children's picture books , Janace Nester Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Integrating the Next Generation Science Standards into a 9th grade physical science classroom using Newton's second law of motion , Chad Pietig Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Pleasure reading workshop: Meeting SEL competencies based on sustained (and maybe not so silent) reading , Lora Sink Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The influence of book talks on reader engagement in fourth grade students , Jennifer Smith Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Sustainability aspects of 3D printing , Subhashree Sundharram Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

A case study of the impact a pleasure reading curriculum has on students' passion for reading , Danielle M. Wolfe Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Hey! That's how I feel! A qualitative content analysis of anxiety in middle grade literature , Heather M. Wood Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Submissions from 2021 2021

Rising above the Stigma: Developing young leaders through Peer Mentoring , Shawn Miller Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The influence of book club conversations on reluctant or struggling readers , JaDee Jo Gloede Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Mental illness representation in young adult literature , Ashley Aberle Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Re-socialization within organizations: Examining the socialization and job satisfaction of employees following an organizational transition , Sloan T. Alberhasky Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Exploring work environment standards in Saudi Arabia companies , Yousef Almalki Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of characters with autism in picture books , Tara Amundson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The impact of advocacy and social justice work on nonprofit funding and support , Brittany Appleton Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Analysis of assessments on secondary students' development and interpretation of models , Alaina L. Appley Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Impact of inquiry science courses on preservice elementary students' ideas on science , Lance Charles Baetsle Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Bias and barriers: An exploration of preventive measures to minimize the presence of Latinx professionals in postsecondary education , Janine Baeza Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Teaching race through multicultural children's literature , Kaley Bailey and Maiya Duthoo-Wolpert Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The potential of affecting final potency of a poultry vaccine using Lean methodology , Amber Bergeson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

A preferred vision for administering elementary schools : a reflective essay , Brenda M. Boleyn Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Examining diversity in the Iowa Goldfinch Award , Jill M. Doyle Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Creation and implementation of an integrated climate change curriculum centered on earth and life science standards , Katherine Eastin Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Best business practices in cause-related marketing , Anna Eiskamp Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Impacts of evolving technology In nonprofits , Abby E. Engelberth Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Examining teacher librarians' impact on students' self-selection strategies , Sarah Gunsolley Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

New frameworks for fundraising in performing arts nonprofits: trust, commitment, and utility as donor motivation , Evan Hilsabeck Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

The portrayal of fathers in children's literature , Kate A. Hite Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Inspiring students to take action in order to make positive change through the integration of social studies themes in children's literature , Morgan Ives, Taylor Marsho, Ashtyn Riley, and Deidra Rudd Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Accuracy of self-assessment in a ninth grade earth science classroom , Alyssa Jacobson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effects of stepwise guided inquiry on students' attitudes and depth of knowledge from written lab reflections in high school chemistry , Melissa Rae Campbell Johnson Open Access Graduate Research Paper 2022 Award

Abracadabra: Combatting Nonprofit Turnover When Your Staff Perform the Disappearing Act , Averi Gabrielle Jones Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Data-Driven Decision Making in Nonprofit Organizations , Amanda Kline Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Process for Nonprofits and Foundations to Engage in Productive Partnerships , Anna McCutcheon Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Diverse representation within secondary-level state consortium-provided e-books , Jill McDonald Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Enhancing scientific literacy through attention to argumentation as a disciplinary literacy practice , Whitney McWilliams Open Access Graduate Research Paper

School speech-language pathologists' identification, use, and need of resources and materials , Emily Michael, Melissa Tranel, and Hannah Fahey Open Access Graduate Research Paper

What are the benefits and challenges of diversification of revenue for nonprofit organizations , Mckenzie Musser Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

A case study of the impact of teacher librarian collaboration in the instruction of information literacy and digital citizenship on student achievement in inquiry skills , Abby M. Mussmann Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

It's hard to lose: Embracing a place-based mindset and reculturing rural areas and students , Anthony T. Skip Olson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Student access to school-based health care and the effects on academic achievement, behavior, and mental health , Brooke C. Olson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The historical and cultural accuracy of the Japanese internment camps in children's literature , Zoey Perrigo Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Human impact on the environment: A middle school project based learning unit development , Shannon Power Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Development of a NGSS curriculum unit for periodic trends and properties in ninth-grade physical science , Amy L. Price Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Engaging Older Adults in Virtual Volunteering: Benefits and Barriers in Good and Trying Times , Theresa Price Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Portrayal of females in notable science trade books for children , Carolyn Proesch Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Model-based predictive controller design , Soheil Sadeghi Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Analysis of student perceptions on climate change in a rural Iowa school district , Tyler Scholl Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Nonprofit Crowdfunding Best Practices , Shelly Smith Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Immediate vs. deferred feedback during formative assessments in a 9th grade physical science course , Jordan Sonntag Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Examining the impact a teacher librarian has on students' self-selection strategies , Stefanie Throndson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Autoethnography on teaching during a pandemic , Kelsey Ufford Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Nonprofit fundraising: A look at effective employees’ participation , Moses A. Ulom Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Collaboration in a Crisis Management , Ann Wolf Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Submissions from 2020 2020

Representation of Native peoples in picture books about Christopher Columbus: A literary analysis , Mari Butler Abry Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of characters with physical disabilities in picture books , Emily Biederman Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The Presentation of Race at Mark Twain Historical Sites in Hannibal, Missouri , Anthony Wayne Birch Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The impact of the use of mobile computing on vocabulary learning in the language classroom , Lorena Harger Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Characterizing protagonists in graphic novels for teens , Danielle Lahr Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of immigration in fiction for grades 4-6 , Melissa N. Marwedel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Culture in transitional chapter books: Assimilation or inclusion , Jeanette P. White Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using adapted primary science literature to enhance argumentation and reasoning skills in middle school students , Betsy Wiederin Lemus Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Elementary school library program integration with art, literacy, and STEAM through makerspaces , Kristi Baldwin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Disclosure of trans & gender variant identities by students to students , C. A. Brimmer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The impact of confidence-based marking on unit exam achievement in a high school physical science course , Casey Clark Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using mentor texts to enhance the teaching of reading comprehension and writing , Alexandra Jordyn Cushman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of Diverse Family Structures in Children's Literature , Beth Grafft Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of educational attainment of state legislators on state appropriations to public higher education , Nathan J. Gruber Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An analysis of learning targets on summative assessments in a high school chemistry course , Mark R. Hennessy Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

De Vos a Tú: Acomodación lingüística y actitudes lingüísticas en estudiantes internacionales de Centroamérica en los Estados Unidos = De Vos a Tú: linguistic accommodation and language attitudes among Central American international students in the United States , Jose Salinas Herrera Open Access Graduate Research Paper 2021 Award

Clinical outcomes of orofacial myofunctional therapy in children without concurrent orthodontia , Julia Logan Open Access Graduate Research Paper 2021 Award

Issues of accessibility in victim services for survivors with disabilities: an agency assessment , Sara Naughton Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Three cases of makerspace integration in school library programs in conjunction with district initiatives: Literacy, design thinking, and STEAM , Sara Pflughaupt Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Influence of book clubs on reading motivation for third through fifth grade students , Allyson Reister Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Trauma in children's literature , Kyra Ross Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Trump Administration: Government secrecy, bureaucracy, and democracy , Logan J. Santel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Utilizing pre-laboratory strategies in a high school chemistry classroom to improve performance on guided inquiry labs , Jacquelyn Schmitt Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

An analysis of ADHD in middle grade and young adult literature , Sydney Schuler Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Representation of LGBTQ characters in 2019 young adult literature , Janelle M. Snyder Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Gazing at scattered stars: Immigration through the lens of elementary graphic literature , Jennifer K. Stanerson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The digital bridge to campus: Mass communication and graduate student enrollment decisions , Ashley Stoppel Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Making the water cycle accessible and relevant for English language learners , Summer Teed Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Three cases of makerspace integration in school library programs in conjunction with district initiatives: STEAM, design thinking, and literacy , Lisa Tegels Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Identification of trends in scientific communication by minority students in an integrated and advanced ninth grade science curriculum , Loren Thalacker Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Submissions from 2019 2019

Communicating about being parents in the workplace , Ruqayah Almuzayn Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teacher perceptions of understaffed school libraries , Amanda Bonjour Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effect of gamification on student motivation , David A. Brahn Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The effects of gamification on student engagement and motivation , Sara Butcher Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Computer science is elementary: Comprehensive plan for computer science implementation at the elementary level , Erin Chute Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using critical literacy and emotionally responsive teaching to discuss racism in a literature circle unit , Autumn Rose Den Boer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Student engagement within the use of graphic novels , Melissa Felsenthal Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A Feasibility Study on Utilizing Data Science as an Advanced Lean Manufacturing Tool in the Biopharma Manufacturing Sector , Tanya Heerts Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Best practices in assessment and evaluation of literacy at the secondary level , Meaghan Kathleen Johnson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using NGSS phenomena as a formative assessment to measure understanding of science concepts in a ninth grade physical science classroom , Keith Richard Kohl Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Design of an Arduino Based Smart Home System , Qi Lu Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Is there a correlation between oral reading rate and social conversational speaking rate? , Sarah C. Mason Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of females in agriculturally themed children's books , Malinda Mick Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The effects of a makerspace curriculum on the 4C's in education , Staci Novak Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of text-to-speech on students with reading disabilities , Melissa Oberembt Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Data Analytics of Job Market Requirements for Technology Related Doctoral Degrees , Sidra Meo Rajput Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Representation of Controversial Materials in Middle School Library Collections in Iowa , Danielle Ramsey Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effect of digital game-based learning on student learning: A literature review , Katrina Serrano Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effective professional development design , Katie Stull Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The effectiveness of using intelligent tutoring systems to increase student achievement , Tedi Swanson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Supporting early social-emotional development with wordless picture books , Kayla E. Takatsuka Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The effects of computer coding on elementary students , Cassidy Winslow Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Submissions from 2018 2018

Capital Equipment Procurement Process and Integration Into Production , Mike A. Borwig Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Development of curriculum for Next Generation Science Standards in high school chemistry , Jennifer L. Brown Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teaching evolution and common ancestry with dissection, fossils and phylogeny , Nicolas A. Brown Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Parent perspectives on inclusive bookclubs , Amy Bucciferro Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Shift into ctrl: Integrating digital citizenship into high school freshman transition curriculum , Ellen Fairfield Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Blended learning and second language acquisition in the classroom , Victoria R. Hamilton Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Genetics unit lesson plan for the Next Generation Science Standards , Erin Hogan Open Access Graduate Research Paper 2020 Award

Embracing New Experiences: Young Adult Literature About the Immigrant Experience , Ashley Hoppenjan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Thermopile Sensor Imaging System , Sumit Joshi Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Blended learning in credit recovery , Robin Kuhn Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Qualitative Study of Realistic Fiction Subject Headings in a Middle School Library , Kathleen Michaelson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Selecting a Software Development Methodology Based on Project Characteristics , Semir Music Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Exploring the effects of web-based parenting support on access to information and resources for rural families , Anne Plagge Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Improving Machine Utilization with RFID Technology During the Acquisition of a Large Capital Equipment Purchase , Richard Price Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The role of virtual environment and virtual reality for knowledge transfer , Michelle Rice Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Depression and Anxiety in Current Middle Grade Fiction: Finding Quality, Authentic Portrayals for Use in Bibliotherapy , Tonia Sandersfeld-Miller Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of a station-rotation model of blended learning on student engagement , Melinda Tremmel Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The eleven days of Christmas: an analysis of and conductor's guide to Alfred Reed's Russian Christmas Music , Logan Vander Wiel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Information Literacy: Expectations of High School Students in Joint Enrollment Courses , Steven Witmer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Evaluation of a flipped classroom on student achievement in a low income school district , Michael Yeoman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Submissions from 2017 2017

Defying the odds: A research based reading program project guide , Megan Casey Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Collaborative learning: Do two-stage quizzes positively affect students' perceptions of their understanding and achievement in high school physics? , Benjamin J. Arp Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Fluency and instruction in the elementary grades , Stacey Bakken Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Taking university business courses online: An instructional designer's perspective , Zachary P. Benton-Slocum Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Ultrasound simulators: Determining the simulator's role in diagnostic medical sonography programs , Lisa Bindert Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Developing writing prompt assessments for the next generation science standards: Physical science , Kristen Ann Birchard Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Vocabulary matters : why vocabulary instruction is important and how to implement quality instruction in preschool , Melanie Blocker Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Visual phonics : its impact as an instructional tool to promote literacy development in kindergarten students , Lori J. Bower Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Going 1:1 across the district , Kim Carlson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

TPACK learning activity types for secondary computer science courses , Rebecca Carton Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Understanding by Design approach to a Next Generation Science Standard in high school chemistry: Chemical reactivity , Jill Christofferson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Invented spelling and its effect on kindergarten students' reading and writing abilities , Kelli A. Daly Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Examining student selection behaviors with library fiction collections , Katie Delaney Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using Google tools to enhance secondary writing instruction , Sarah Ebener Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The power of professional learning communities , Amanda Eller Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The value of inquiry-based science instruction for elementary students , Jessica Renae Enger Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Book selection approaches and the middle school student , Sara Fischer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A Comparison of Model-Based Design and Traditional 2D Engineering Drawings in Manufacturing Using Flowchart Analysis , Josh Gerbig Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Reading Aloud to Tweens and Teens to Create Empathy: A Functional Criteria , Elizabeth Good Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of blended learning on K-12th grade students , Laura Hesse Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Impact of family engagement on child outcomes in preschool , Kathryn S. Ingham Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of using technology to enhance and enrich music instruction , Megan L. Kannenberg Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Dungeons and Dragons and literacy: The role tabletop role-playing games can play in developing teenagers' literacy skills and reading interests , Stefanie L. B. Kaylor Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teacher librarians and technology leadership , Jennifer Kizer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of using digital tools to support writing in the ELL classroom , Katrina Lint Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Play-based early childhood classrooms and the effect on pre-kindergarten social and academic achievement , Amy McGinn Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The use of touchscreen devices to support writing development of preschoolers , Celeste Mortvedt Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Collaboration between School and Public Librarians , Elizabeth Pearson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

First year professional learning community implementation within the Marion High School Science Department , Madilyn M. Ramaekers Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Energy, matter, and change: A high school chemistry unit development , Allison Schipper Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An Investigation of Gasket Improvement in Vehicle Drivetrain Applications , Keith David Schrader Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Strategies for integrating literacy into a science classroom , Michelle Seddon Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Development of a standards-based classroom for high school physics at Solon Community School District , Tim Sheeley Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Developing model identification skills in an advanced placement Physics 1 classroom , Ian Spangenberg Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Prep-kindergarten teachers' beliefs : basic skills versus child-centered orientation , Katie Stundahl Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Vocabulary development with instructional coaching support , Jessica L. Swaab Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Parent-child interaction : how it impacts language and literacy skills , Angie Thurman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Infant and toddler care , Maggie Trecker Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Technology and young children , Jamie Vircks Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Benefits of movement for academic achievement and classroom behaviors , Alison A. Waltz Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Recreational reading in secondary schools through book clubs , Briana White Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using the Next Generation Science Standards EQuIP Rubric: Evaluating a course in biomedical science , Brandon Yoder Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Submissions from 2016 2016

The development and support of geometric and spatial concepts in preschool- and kindergarten-aged children , Laura J. Becker Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effect of flipped instruction on student learning : perspectives from students and teachers , Britta Adams Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Fostering reading with a summer literacy unit for elementary students , Diane M. Bahrenfuss Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The use of meditation and yoga as a treatment tool for juvenile offenders in Residential Treatment Centers for relapse prevention , Danielle K. W. Ballard-Green Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effective professional development for teachers : read-alouds in the middle level , Kelly Ann Behmer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of digital storytelling on student motivation and student engagement , Robyn Bredvick Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Effective Implementation of Lean Practices in a Secondary Educational for the Purpose of More Effectively Preparing Students for a Career in a Manufacturing Setting , Brandon Brooks Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Developing authentic summative assessments that correlate to the Next Generation Science Standards for a middle school science classroom , Nick Bushkofsky Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Increasing vocabulary and oral language skills of pre-K English language learners through shared storybook reading and take-home literacy bags , Angela Butler Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Supporting reading curriculum without restricting access to library materials: Resources for teacher librarians , Tricia Carty Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using interactive read-alouds to support students' comprehension , Emily D. Chaffin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

How can a child's fluency be improved and provide support for comprehension? , Sharon Marie Collins Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Fogging practices of Iowa counties for mosquito abatement , Alex Jay Davey Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Exploring effective classroom management techniques in a 1:1 classroom setting , Kenton Engels Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The impact of specific interventions on child engagement in a preschool classroom , Sarah Elizabeth Farber Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of using digital storytelling for fourth graders' literacy learning , Benjamin J. Feight Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Continuous Manufacturing Performance Improvement: An Investigation of Overall Equipment Effectiveness as a Valid Shop Floor Performance Evaluation Tool , Jeremy Joseph Fettkether Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of flipped learning on students in secondary education , Abigail M. Fish Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Word study and its importance to reading and writing in the primary classroom , Korie Frazier Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Female sexuality in current young adult literature , Joanna M. Freking-Smith Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Parent perceptions of support from the school library , Heather Garrett Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Sign language in the preschool classroom : a self-study , DiAnna Geiger Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Readers' advisory program for non proficient readers , Lisa Gogel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Make it so: Employing a multi-player starship bridge simulator in a military-based leadership course , Robert Green Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A unit design : learning to code with Finches , William V. Gruman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A selective annotated list of reading promotion events recommended for elementary students , Nicole Nadine Guldager Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A twist on happily ever after : Fractured fairy tales for young adults , Kathryn Hale Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Critical literacy and digital technology with a novel unit , Brandon Harrison Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Comparing of Distance Education and Traditional Education , Chuan He Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The use of mentor texts to teach writing in kindergarten, first and second grades , Mary Heeringa Open Access Graduate Research Paper

E-readers and struggling middle school readers , Abigail L. Hendrickson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The impact of augmented reality on curriculum and training design , Destery K. Hildenbrand Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Content analysis of two libraries resources for supporting primary economics instruction , Lindsey J. Hilts Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Racial disparities among African Americans primarily in the criminal justice system and other areas in society , Juana D. Hollingsworth Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Enhancing student motivation and success in reading through learning clubs , Sarah Pamela Jackman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Strengthening early mathematics in early childhood classrooms : a professional development project , Jennifer Lynn Jansen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Empowering elementary teachers to explore critical literacy through drama-based instruction , Courtney J. Jensen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Utilizing local project experts to provide professional development for early childhood educators : a professional development project , Dawn Janette Johnson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Cinematherapy in gifted education identity development : integrating the arts through STEM-themed movies , Timothy Carl Kangas Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The attitudes of typically developing young children toward their peers with disabilities : a review of the literature , Sara Elizabeth Kayser Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Designing a self-directed gamified professional development course for technology integration , Rebecca J. Kinnander Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The design of a professional development program for technology integration , Dana M. Lampe Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The rise of close reading , Jayne E. Larsen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Changing early intervention provider practices to a coaching model through self-study and distance mentoring model : family-guided routines-based interventions and the key indicators , Cindy Lefeber Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Robotic High Precision Gaging Process , Andrew Leinen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Online audiobook reference guide for Iowa elementary school librarians , Kerry LeWarne Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Green Supply Chain Management , Ravi Teja Marneni Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Makerspaces and the Iowa Core: Connections in a high school library , Tracie Marshall Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The advantages and disadvantages of school- and center-based preschool programs : implications for early childhood policy , Christy Martin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Methods for Supporting 21st Century Learning in School Library Spaces , Ashley McGrath Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using digital writing tools in supporting student writing , Sarah McKee Open Access Graduate Research Paper

After-school success: Associations between youth participants and youth outcomes , Dana Miller Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Sound : the study of differentiating pitch and volume with preschoolers , Jennifer Lyn Miller Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effects of gamification on motivation and engagement in secondary curriculum , Matthew J. Molumby Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effect of serious gaming on elementary student learning , Amanda Moritz Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Self-study of one to one reading conferences in a third grade setting , Angel Munson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Robotics in the classroom: The effectiveness of robotics based curriculum in STEM education , Mark Nall Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Gender stereotypes in children's literature , Christine C. Nebbia Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Six Sigma Research Project: Loss of Hydraulic Fixture Pressure , Tyler Neigum Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Differentiated reading instruction through guided reading : a framework for effective reading instruction in the primary grades , Kara L. Neville Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A professional development plan to increase student motivation through the analysis of three motivational components : student, teacher, and accountability measures , Ashley Ann Oleson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using sign language in the infant room , Sara Paar Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A Picture Book Biography of Jessie Field Shambaugh , Kimberly Peterson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Adjusting Production Processes for Use in Engineering and Testing Environments , Jordan Proctor Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Manual Versus Automated Drawing Checking: A Case Study , Thirupathi Reddygari Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The need for a teacher librarian to take a leadership role in the implementation of supplemental reading program initiatives to achieve desired student outcomes , Mindy M. Reimer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Exposure therapy discontinuation among Iraq War veterans , Kendra Renner Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The Use of Minecraft as an Educational Tool to Improve Student Performance in the Classroom , James Roberts Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The transition of flipped instruction : from professional development to classroom , Alison J. Sauter Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A New Vision for a 6-12 Library Science Curriculum , Jacqueline Leigh Seidl Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Outsourcing Effect on Product Quality , Hasudin Siljkovic Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

What relationship between preschool class sizes and student behaviors do teachers report? , Lindsey Steen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A journey of designing and beta-testing a game-based unit , Renee E. Thomas Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using running records data in planning for literacy instruction , Tabitha A. Waltz Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using comprehensive literacy instructional modules for literacy instruction with students with disabilities , Amanda M. Wasylik Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Small-Scale Enterprises Supply Chain Lean Conversion , Jianhua Xu Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Impact of problem based learning on teaching light to middle school science students , Stephanie Yager Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Corner Case Strategy and Its Application in Medical Device Design Verification: A Case Study with Syringe Break Loose and Expulsion Force Testing , Xin Zhang Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Extending mathematic learning beyond the classroom through online discussion and reflection , Linsey Zimmerman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Submissions from 2015 2015

Osteoporosis in older Saudi women: A perspective study , Zahra Saeed Alfaraj Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Alternative therapy for sickle cell disease , Huda Alsultan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The 21st century school teacher librarian: Trends in the Iowa school library survey data over the last decade , Emily Baltes Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Active landing velocity: "pawing motion" , Erin Dean Blind Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The return on investment from comprehensive worksite health promotion programs , Kayla Nicole Blocker Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The downside of being up: The blight of the nonprofit pedestal , Jamie Branch Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Instruction and standards-referenced grading in a 9th grade conceptual physics classroom , John C. Chai Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Closing the knowledge gap between virtual design and product manufacturing : using 3D printing for the ninth grade , Jeremiah D. Cooper Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The 1930s: The Great Depression and beyond ; an annotated bibliography , Tydra Corbin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The impact of school library circulation policy change: A case study , Kristen Downes Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

On the Prediction of the Peak Demand of Electrical Energy Use , Mahmoud Elbokl Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Middle school leisure reading selection: Influences during selection and implications for school library programs , Jessica A. Elliot Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An annotated bibliography of materials recommended for middle school classrooms regarding the multiple perspectives on the causes of the American Civil War , Emma Folland Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Coaching stances : changing practice through self-reflection , Patricia D. Foster Open Access Graduate Research Paper

ELA teacher perceptions of the school librarian's role in standards implementation , Franny Frey Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Genrifying the school library's fiction collection , Andrea Hora Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The use of marketing in nonprofit organizations , Elizabeth Kehret Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using a 5E learning cycle to adapt a college physics instructional unit for high school , Stacia Marie Kelly Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Best Practices for Adoption of an Inquiry Learning Model in K-5 Education , Michelle M. Kruse Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The inclusion of engineering design into the high school biology curriculum , Cody D. LaKose Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Examining variations in technology use for K-12 students of different gender and socioeconomic status , Nikki Lyons Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Bearing Endplay Verification: Oscillation Analysis , Nathan Madoerin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Generational characteristics: How do we all play together , Jessica L. Malcheff Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The Role of Importance of Right Goals Setting in Developing the Company's Financial , Seyed Nazar Mousavi Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effective professional development for elementary teachers : creating dialogic classrooms to improve reading comprehension , Amanda J. Mroch Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Poverty and homelessness : A content analysis of children's nonfiction literature , Christine Newell Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An analysis of online and blended learning environments : measuring approach and learning outcomes in corporate settings , Meghan B. O'Neal Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Factors influencing successful planning and implementation and employee participation in worksite wellness programs , Amanda Ramthun Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Lifeguard fitness readiness: Certification vs. qualification , Jacob Rasmussen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A study for comprehensive and collaborative relationships: Partnering public schools and nonprofit outdoor programs , Nicole Rottinghaus Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teacher librarians & literacy coaches: Their roles in reading support , Nicole N. Ruthaivilavan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Nonprofit marketing strategies for small organizations , Emily Saveraid Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Understanding by Design unit lesson plans for the next generation science standards: life science , Arie Schiller Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Annotated Bibliography of Thematically Related Historical Fiction Picture Books and Nonfiction Pairs , Katherine Seibel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Poverty's Effect on Students' 21st Century Skills Acquisition and Learning Experiences , Anne Sellers Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Public Library Experience: Choosing Books to Read from Predetermined Levels and Its Implications , Amy L. Seufert Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Student achievement in the area of inquiry learning with the implementation of 1:1 iPads , Denise Shekleton Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Strength in numbers: collaborating to support nonprofit advocacy , Emily J. Shields Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Plaque Manufacturing Process , Rhys South Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Influx of child immigrants to the United States: Policy & practice implications , Megan Vogt Open Access Graduate Research Paper 2016 Award

How Does the Use of Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Volunteer Programs Impact the Image of Manufacturers? , Krista L. Wahl Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Sustainable microfinancing: improving microenterprise's traditional measures of success , Stephen R. Watson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Submissions from 2014 2014

Productivity Improvement - Six Sigma Influence , Hamad Alhadab Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effectiveness of flipped classroom learning in higher education : a literature review from 2009 to 2014 , Samir Taha Amin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An investigation of adolescent boys' dispositions toward leisure reading , Julie Barnett Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Value of 5S in Manufacturing , Emsad Begic Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Influencing incoming fourth graders' reading habits through a summer literature circle: A case study , Brandy E. Bingman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Affordances of flipped learning and its effects on student engagement and achievement , Jarod Bormann Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Overhand throwing: overuse injury analysis , Peter Z. Broome Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Examining professional history as context for instructional meaning , Kristie L. Beyer Campbell Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of on-line math games and e-books use on elementary student achievement , Mel Carnahan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

To complete or not complete : Student persistence in post-secondary education online courses , Amy Christian Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Why don't they read? , Cynde Duncan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Development and Evaluation of Effectiveness of Performance Improvement Program for a Call Center Organization , Aleksandr Durinov Open Access Graduate Research Paper

"Clicker-Type" Torque Tooling - Calibration Study , Duane Enos Open Access Graduate Research Paper

How fifth grade elementary students select books , Tiffany Evans Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Digital storytelling : the impact on student engagement, motivation and academic learning , Mindy Foelske Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A review of the effects of computer-based reading programs on middle school students , Ann Hansen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Integrating iPads into the elementary physical education curriculum , Tyler M. Hellmann Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Usefulness of Graphic Novels as Information Sources for Nonfiction Reading , Sarah Holub Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Understanding motivating factors for college students involvement in club sports , Ryan Thomas Houselog Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The Perceptions of Teacher Librarians and Principals Regarding the Role of the Teacher Librarian in the Implementation of the Iowa Multi-Tiered System of Supports , Katy A. Kauffman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The collaborative relationship between teacher librarians and public librarians , Jennifer J. Keltner Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of interactive videoconferencing on elementary literacy : collaborative learning environment , Heather A. Klenke Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of Web 2.0 pedagogy on student engagement, collaboration, and achievement , Kelsey Lage Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The impact of blogging on K-12 student learning: engagement, self-expression, and higher-order thinking , Brian McGurk Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Reducing the Manufacturing Critical-Path Time , Matt Meyers Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Technology's Role in Inquiry-Based Learning , Melissa Mulder Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Determining the benefits and designing an externship program for medical office students at Marshalltown Community College , Kristin Murphy Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effect of game-based learning on middle school students' academic achievement , Marija-Lisa Musselman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Resource to Support Teaching Local History in Baxter, Iowa , Greg Pickett Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Resource to support teaching local history in Baxter, Iowa , Greg Pickett Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The implementation of problem-based learning for adults: Student, instructor, and organization leader challenges , Randon Ruggles Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Project Planning for Insourcing Manufactured Steel Components , Brett M. Schlomann Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using the Apprenticeship Model in a Library Setting , Jennifer Sloan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The health benefits of dietary fiber consumption of adults in the United States , Nathan Stewart Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Department of Technology Research Paper , Jeremy Thede Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effective implementation of 1:1 computing : benefits and teacher readiness , Kirstin Thompson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Video modeling : play skills for students with autism spectrum disorder via peers , Ashley Ulin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effectiveness of blended learning on student engagement , Tyler Youngers Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Induction Hardening of Axles for Tractors: Metallurgy & Processes , Stephanie Young Graduate Research Paper (Electronic Copy Not Available)

Submissions from 2013 2013

Reader's workshop: A new approach to integrating literacy , Ashlea M. Ahrenholtz Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Prevalence of obesity and culturally appropriate prevention among young adolescents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , Wardah Almahdi Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Improving multiplication fact recall; Interventions that lead to proficiency with mathematical facts , Brandon J. Bauer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Cold Shoulder: An Alaskan adventure , Christine C. Berlin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

What are the effects of integrating technology into student literacy? , Lauren A. Bitetto Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Teacher perceptions of graphic novels , Katherine Block Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Getting graphic: Exploring the inferential thinking skills that are required to comprehend graphic novels , Angela Brauns Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Vocabulary instruction : becoming word conscious to support reading comprehension , Amy Evelyn Bries Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Building empathy through literacy: A review of classroom literacy practices , Alyssa J. Bruecken Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using TPACK to promote effective language teaching in an ESL/EFL classroom , Wilson M. R. Bugueño Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using readers theaters to help students develop reading fluency , Adrianna D. Cavanaugh Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of explicit writing instruction , Christine M. Clark Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Comparison of student achievement, understanding, enjoyment, and motivation in mathematics units for high-achieving fifth graders with and without creative problem solving games , Kalyn Jon Cody Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of Latinos in young adult fiction , Jennifer Cole Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A training guide and reference handbook for elementary school library secretaries in the Iowa City Community School District , Lisa Collier Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Library instruction designed to support core curriculum , Julie Courter Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Artist residency programs: The present and future , Emily Coussens Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Technology, toddlers and vocabulary development , Gwendolyn Dayton Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effective comprehension strategies in the elementary classroom , Melissa Ann Determan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The uniqueness of the English language learner : Research based strategies for English language learners , Carolyn Lindgren Dietz Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using the instructional coaching model to implement positive behavior supports in early childhood special education programs , Heather Donoho Open Access Graduate Research Paper

College freshmen dispositional readiness: Examining the perceptions , Jennifer Dovre Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

College freshmen dispositional readiness: Examining the perceptions , Jennifer Dovre Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Literature circles and technology : a study of students' attitudes , Laura Ann Edwards Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effect of student choice on acquisition of alphabet knowledge , Lindsey L. Fonkert Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The effects of STEM inquiry practices on English language acquisition in a first grade classroom in Thailand , Rebecca J. Fuhrman-Petersen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

What are the mechanisms of action of stereotype threat and how does it contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease in African Americans , Anthony Gage Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Transition to kindergarten : a project for the Grinnell-Newburg School District , Donna Godar Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects of peer-conferencing on writing revisions in a second grade classroom , Emily C. Guetzlaff Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A WebQuest for the Instruction of Appropriate Online Behavior , Susan Heilig Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Books, blogging, and boredom : the impact of one-to-one computing on student engagement and literacy , Amanda M. Hudson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Iowa core technology integration: A resource for kindergarten through second grade teachers , Shalyn Huerter Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Investigating the use of an interactive whiteboard to teach literacy in the early childhood classroom , Laci A. Hummel Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

How elementary students can apply self-guided learning strategies in the classroom , Nicole Ivers Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Gifted student achievement and motivation levels related to participation in gifted programming , Stacey M. Jambura Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A comparison of print and e-book texts with 4th grade students to evaluate comprehension and motivation , Sarah Johnson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

Misconceptions of the Teacher Librarian Role , Mary Junker Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Collaboration of the Teacher Librarian and the Classroom Teacher to Incorporate Literature and Information Literacy Skills into a Sixth Grade Social Studies Unit , Susan A. Klett Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Library Paraeducators' Training: Assumptions or Facts? , Virginia H. Knapp Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of agriculture in children's literature: Contemporary stories in picture books, traditional tales, and nonfiction , Kathryn S. Koller Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Making Historical Fiction Appealing to Young Adults Through Book Trailers , Chelsey Kolpin Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A professional development program for balanced literacy , Sheila Charlene McCullough Open Access Graduate Research Paper

How educators and parents can collaborate to improve student reading fluency , Jackie M. McDermott Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A selective annotated bibliography of materials recommended for junior high classrooms regarding resistance during the Holocaust , Katharine Mulfinger Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Young Adult Memoir Dealing with Alcohol, Abuse, Infidelity, Violence and Poverty , Kelly Reinhold Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using virtual worlds in medical and health education , Amy J. Renze Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Early Childhood Library Resources and Support , Lisa Catherine Riese Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Examining the benefits of technology in training , Nelson Rokke Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Portrayal of Characters with Disabilities within K-6 Fictional Literature , Katie Roling Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Vocabulary acquisition in kindergarten for English language learners: Ventriglia's Rule of 3, or Marzano's Six Steps to Effective Vocabulary Instruction? , Danielle Marie Rose Open Access Graduate Research Paper

101 books for youth that feature hunters & hunting , Leann Seddon Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Integrated curriculum in the elementary classroom , Katherine Decker Simpson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Scheduled library visits and reading achievement , David Stanfield Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Improving 21st century literacy skills and student engagement by integrating digital storytelling across the curriculum , Sandra J. Steinfadt Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Student, Teacher and Parent Perceptions of the Role Accelerated Reader Plays in Elementary Students' Reading Motivation , Jannette Thrane Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Successful Leadership and Communication Within a Company , Ésaïe Toïngar Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A comparative analysis of leisure and tourism in China and in the USA , Xin Wang Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

A need for motivation : increasing engagement to bolster success , Libbie M. Willert Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Facilitating transfer for adult learners through cross-cultural e-learning , Min Zhang Open Access Graduate Research Paper

An Examination of the Criteria for the Iowa Children's Choice Award List , Jessica Zimmerman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Submissions from 2012 2012

Understanding and meeting the needs of the millennials in the classroom: A literature review , Amanda Alexander Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Implementing a family involvement project in early childhood classrooms , Elizabeth Barrett Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teens Read book trailers , Jill Besler Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teachers' perceptions of skills needed for children's entry into kindergarten , Jessica Blohm Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Early Algona: A digital story , Kathy Bottaro Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Leadership of identified gifted compared to high-potential students studying Iowa's natural history , Katie E. Broeg Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Lecture capture technology : does it make a difference on college student achievement? , Debra S. Bruxvoort Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Parental perspective on technology integration in PK-2 in a rural community school , Stephanie L. Callan Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The influence of digital communication on young adult contemporary fiction , Melissa J. Dagel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effective professional development and social media technologies' potential for enhancement , Jami J. Elliott Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Professional development for the library para educator: Developing a guide to answer questions about school libraries in the 21st century , Tifini Foglesong Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Supporting English language learners in today's early childhood classrooms , Katie Furlong Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Multicultural picture books: Windows and mirrors , Dawn M. Goodale Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Implementing electronic storybooks and the effects on reading achievement at the elementary level , Chelsey Heidemann Open Access Graduate Research Paper

A Storybook for Children with Celiac Disease , Heather A. Hope Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Fifth graders' discussions of graphic novels facilitated by de Bono Thinking Skills , Kimberly Ann Jennings Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Access versus circulation for kindergarten students , Linda Johnson Graduate Research Paper (UNI Access Only)

The inverted classroom : a literature review , Jennie Kies Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Comparing fossil instruction with and without analogy use for gifted middle-school students , Tabatha J. Klopp Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Concept-Based Picture Books for Mathematics , Miranda E. Kral Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Digital storytelling : building 21st century literacy skills in the secondary classroom , William P. Lammers Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The role of the school principal in technology integration : a literature review , Lance Lennon Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Building 21st century business skills in high school business classrooms using digital games and simulations , Stacy Marcus Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Universal Design for Learning at the University of Northern Iowa , Marty Mark Open Access Graduate Research Paper

School Libraries: Developing a Valuable Resource for Gifted Learners , Corinn K. Matheson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Effective in-service professional development for child care providers , Tina McCullough Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Invented spelling and its value in kindergarten , Michelle J. McDonald Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using Positive Behavior Instructional Support (PBIS) in early childhood , Megan Merkel Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Differentiated instruction : learning profiles, assessment, and professional development , Sharon Kay Meyer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The effects new literacy and digital learning have on our youth , Joshua L. Mitchell Sr. Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Using social technology in professional development: a literature review , Catherine M. Olson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Vocabulary acquisition in preschool English language learners , Leann Perkins Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teacher education protocol : how social media improves connections between teachers and students , Darcel Pledge Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Integrating literacy into the math classroom : a staff development for innovative educators , Kathryn Pollina Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Social bookmarking in the classroom , Sara Richardson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Try to See Me as Me: Understanding Autism in Children's Literature , Brandee Roelfs Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The use of nonfiction with early childhood aged children , Lacy J. Rose Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Decoding Hollywood: An instructional design module for visual literacy of race, ethnicity, & cultural portrayals in Hollywood films , Derek A. Sallis Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Kindergarten transition and parent communication , Jessica Rae Sandboth Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Measuring depth of understanding when using smartphones as cognitive tools in the elementary classroom , Lisa Westcott Schaa Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The new literacies: Transitioning the secondary writing workshop classroom , Laura Schafer Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Boy's Recreational Reading in a One-to-One Computer School , Michaela Seeman Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Peer coaching in early childhood , Michelle Silvera Open Access Graduate Research Paper

School library circulation records: What do they reveal about boys' reading preferences? , Chelsea Sims Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Positive Portrayal of Family in Children's Books with Homosexual Characters , Amanda Skellenger Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The impact of pretend play on cognitive and academic development of kindergarten students , April Marie Thelen Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Observation as a formal assessment tool in early childhood classrooms: A professional development module , Kathleen M. Thornton-Lang Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Teacher Librarian Evaluation in Small Districts in Four Iowa Counties , Marci Titera Open Access Graduate Research Paper

What About the Girls? The Female Fantasy Protagonist in Contemporary Young Adult Literature , Christine M. Tomlinson Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Beyond the dictionary : what teachers can do to help build struggling readers' vocabularies , Stefanie Van Heukelom Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Digital gaming as a learning tool : a literature review , Seth Weylin Vickers Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Library and Technology Combined Curriculum for Kindergarten/First Grade Common Core , Dyann K. Vilez Open Access Graduate Research Paper

The role of teacher belief systems in technology integration , Joni M. Walvatne Open Access Graduate Research Paper

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During the summer, PhD students engage in research and directed reading programs, and take courses in the university’s other schools and departments.

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Research paper writing.

Graduate courses will challenge you to write at a professional academic level through seminar papers, major research papers, and reading responses. Learn how to improve and supplement your research and writing skills using the Graduate Writing Lab’s resources and services.

A successful research paper is more than just writing, and the Graduate Writing Lab can help you with any and all of the steps along the way:

• Reading primary and secondary sources effectively
• Note-taking strategies
• Managing sources
• Forming your argument
• Creating an outline
• Analysis and structure
• Editing and revision strategies

Research Paper Writing in the Sciences

• Writing an APA-Style Empirical Paper
• Research Paper Writing in the Natural Sciences
• Figure Making in the Natural Sciences
• Research Paper Writing in the Humanities
• From Note-Taking to Outlining: Beginning the Writing Process in Humanities Research Papers

For help with your research paper in progress, please take advantage of our Individual Writing Consultations and our Workshops . For additional support, you can join one of our research paper Peer-Review Groups .

YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN

Writing Consultations

For graduate students looking for expert advice on planning, drafting, and revising their research paper, dissertation, presentation, or any other writing project.

Undergrads can get help with every kind of writing.

Reserve a Room

The Poorvu Center for Teaching and Learning partners with departments and groups on-campus throughout the year to share its space. Please review the reservation form and submit a request.

Research and Writing at Graduate Level

Any program leading to the Master of Arts fosters the student’s transition into a profession. Students learn how to discuss ideas in a particular discipline as professionals among professionals. To attain this goal, graduate students routinely engage in research and writing where correct documentation of sources signifies much more than the avoidance of plagiarism. Research and writing about scholarly discoveries signal the graduate student’s membership in a professional community.

Thus research papers written for graduate courses will differ from those written for undergraduate courses. The graduate student’s research paper will sustain deeper analysis of a topic at greater length and with narrower focus than the undergraduate paper. Graduate research papers will employ a significant scope of sources that are current, authoritative, and recognized within a particular area of study. Additionally, the graduate research paper demonstrates the student’s ability to identify appropriate topics related to course material and to exercise independence in both research and writing.

Graduate-level papers will also demonstrate the student’s ability to document all sources accurately and to edit carefully for standard American English. Students should refer to  The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers , 8th Edition (ISBN 978-1-60329-262-7), if they have questions about documentation, though some courses may ask students to follow the Chicago Manual of Style or the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association .

To prepare students for the level of research and writing required in graduate courses, professors incorporate into their classes instruction in bibliography and methodology appropriate to course content. Professors will assist students to access and learn how to access and evaluate scholarly materials. Professors may further provide rubrics or specific requirements about the nature and originality of the research and writing expected in fulfillment of a particular assignment.

For information on academic misconduct and plagiarism, see the Honor Code section of the Graduate Student Handbook.

Research Paper Guidelines | Graduate School | SIU

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Standards for the preparation of research papers are established by the graduate faculty at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale and the administration of the Graduate School. All revisions are subject to the approval of the Graduate School. Guidelines for Preparation of Dissertations, Theses, and Research Papers A research paper may have chapters or may be a continuous document (without chapters). If you are unclear as to whether you are completing a thesis or a research paper, please consult with your advisor.

Each department has selected one or more preferred style manuals , and all students within the department are to use one of those styles. 

Submission Site:

Mr. John Russell [email protected] 618-453-4529 Student Services Building 325

General Instructions

Filing of Research Papers with the Graduate School

Submit electronically through  OpenSIUC . A Microsoft Word document is preferred, Adobe pdf documents are acceptable.

Approval Form.  All research papers submitted to the Graduate School must have an original approval form signed by the student's committee, and generally the department chair. This must be submitted to the Graduate School.

Human Subjects . All copies of research papers submitted to the Graduate School that need the human subjects approval as defined by the Human Subjects Committee must file a copy with the Graduate School.

Deadline Dates for Submission.  The dates are posted at the Graduate School for both deadlines to apply for graduation and the submission of papers. These deadlines are firm dates and no extensions will be given.

Organization Of Material

Download the Research Paper Template to use for your research paper. It contains all of the required formatting.

Organizational format should be as follows:

• Approval page
• Abstract (optional)
• Acknowledgments / Dedication (not required)
• Table of Contents
• List of tables with page references
• List of figures with page references
•  Exhibits (tables, figures, photographs, etc. when not distributed in the text)
•  Bibliography (or appropriate title prescribed by style manual chosen)
• Appendices (not required)
• Human subjects committee approval form when required (photocopy)
• Vita sheet (should have a page number)

If a research paper is to be copyrighted, an extra page must be inserted after the title page.  The copyright statement is to be centered on the page as follows:

Copyright by (your name) 20__

All Rights Reserved

Charts, Tables, and Figures

• Generally, students will use the computer to design figures and graphs.
• Table heading and style of headings must follow the style manual chosen. Generally, table titles are above the table and figure titles are below the figure, but the placement selected must be followed consistently.
• Spacing within the table may be single or double spaced based on the readability of the data.
• Font style and size should be consistent throughout the document, unless a table requires a smaller size. Six (6) point font should be the smallest used. Titles should be consistent in size and style of font as used throughout the document.
• There should be a judicious use of spacing to "set off" tables, charts, and figures; typically one or two double-spaces before and after the table. Again, once spacing is chosen, you must be consistent throughout.

MAPS.  Oversize maps may be included as a supplemental file.  

APPENDICES.  List of terms, definitions, questionnaires, and other supplemental information which is useful, but not essential, to the body of the research paper may be included in an appendix.

MARGINS. Margins are flexible within the appendix but keep in mind that the left binding edge will cover approximately 1 inch of data. Page numbers need to continue within the appendix with the same font and the same position on the page as in the text. The Graduate School consultants can advise you about this if needed. 

COLOR.  Color is permitted.

ADDITIONAL FILES.  You may upload multimedia files (video or audio files). Follow instructions at  OpenSIUC .

Formatting Guidelines

• Ariel, Bookman, Courier, Times New Roman
• The body of the document should use a 10 or 12 point font. Headings and subheadings may go up one size and up to 14 point but must be of the same font style as the body of the text. 
• Bold  format may be used only as specified by the style manual chosen.
• Italics  may be used only as specified by the style manual chosen. In general, it may be used for Genera, species, letters, words or phrases cited as an linguistic example, and foreign words.
• The body of the document must be double spaced.
• Extended direct quotations should be presented consistently with the style manual selected.  

MARGINS AND INDENTATIONS

  ** MARGINS ARE ONE INCH ON ALL SIDES.

• Opening pages (Table of Contents, Chapters, Bibliography, etc.) that are required by the style manual to have a set top margin may have a larger than one inch top margin on those pages. Charts, tables, and figures may have greater margins than listed but may not go into the required margins.
• Paragraph indentations should be uniform five spaces. There should be no extra spacing between paragraphs.

The following guidelines are for the pages preceding the text, i.e. Abstract, Acknowledgments, and Table of Contents.

• The pages preceding the text should be numbered in small Roman numbers. The numerals should be centered between the one and one-half inch margin on the left, the one inch margin on the right, and one-half inch up from the bottom edge of the paper.  
• Text pages, bibliography, and appendices should follow the style manual chosen. Numbers should consist of numerals only, without punctuation, embellishment, or running headers. Paging should be continuous including the bibliography, appendices, and vita. Except for preceding pages, the style must be adhered to throughout the document. The first page of text starts with Arabic numeral 1.

This recent guideline revision supersedes all previous editions. Take this into consideration as you review previous research papers from the library or your department.

Roles And Responsibilities

The Graduate Student's Responsibility

• Subject matter and content
• Organization and format
• Editorial, linguistic, and bibliographic quality
• Quality of text, figures, and photocopy
• Quality of data, evidence, and logical reasoning presented
• Presentation of the manuscript based on current style manual of the field and Graduate School guidelines

The Advisory Committee's Responsibility

• Approval of the subject matter and methodology of the research
• Approval of the organization, content, and format
• Review of the quality of data and evidence, logical reasoning, and the editorial, linguistic, and bibliographic quality
• Evaluation of the research paper as a basis for certification that the student has fulfilled the requirements of the degree for which the student is a candidate

The Research Paper Consultant's Responsibility

• Providing counsel and advice upon request by students and members of the student's committee about the format aspects of research paper preparation
• Checking the final draft of each research paper to insure that it has been prepared in conformity with the requirements of this guide

Departmental Style Manual

Each department has selected one or more preferred style manuals and all students within the department are to use one of those styles.

*APA:  American Psychological Association Publication Manual

*MLA:  Modern Language Association Handbook for Writers of Research Papers

HOW TO SUBMIT RESEARCH PAPERS TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL (At a Glance)

Submission site -  OpenSIUC

ALL REVISIONS ARE DUE BY THE DEADLINE DATE! NO EXCEPTIONS!

KEYWORD: Be Consistent

• Write your paper following the Graduate School Guidelines and the Departmental Style Manual.
• Apply for graduation by the 4th week of the term you plan to graduate for Fall / Spring and by the 2nd week of the Summer term.
• Defend your paper.
• Margins: Left, right, top, and bottom margins = 1 inch.
• Spacing: Double spacing throughout; no right justification.
• Headings: Be consistent with top margin, font style, and size. Primary / Chapter headings should be in all caps.
• Pagination: Front matter should have Roman numeral page numbers bottom centered.
• Submit to OpenSIUC.
• Make changes as indicated by the consultant.
• Submit one approval form and one oral defense form.

/images/cornell/logo35pt_cornell_white.svg" alt="graduate student research papers"> Cornell University --> Graduate School

Research and writing tips, an introduction to tech transfer at cornell: what you as a grad student should know.

Over lunch on April 25, 2017, graduate students met with Cornell Technology Licensing (CTL) directors to discuss commercializing their research. 

Did you know that a good first step is to contact CTL before you present your research at a conference? (It impacts your ability to patent or license internationally…but not in the U.S.)

The CTL directors discussed the resources available to Cornell faculty and graduate students in the licensing and patent process. (You don’t have to go it alone!)

Students were particularly interested in jobs with a university licensing office. (No J.D. or Ph.D. required!) The directors described their paths from graduate students to working for Cornell as licensing specialists. An essential first step is to consider an internship at a university licensing office, including Cornell’s CTL. 

Need information about CTL’s internship program? Visit the  CTL website .

Writing a Teaching Statement, from the Academic Job Search Series

On July 12, 2017, Colleen McLinn, director of CIRTL at Cornell , presented on how to approach writing a successful teaching statement for the academic job market. Here are some tips on what to include—and what not to include—in your teaching statement:

• Include details about  what  courses you have taught or TA’d that are relevant to the position you are applying for
• Show  how  you propose to structure the courses they expect applicants to teach, with examples on what you might do
• Mention your major objectives for different types of student audiences and ways you assess if students develop those skills or that knowledge
• Mention your lack of teaching experience or gaps in your skillset
• Make unsubstantiated claims (don’t just  tell  them you are innovative,  show  them)
• Use unfamiliar jargon about teaching approaches
• Get too philosophical about teaching – keep it tied to helping students learn in your discipline

For more tips and takeaways from this event, see postdoc Giovanni Sogari’s blog post , and please email [email protected] for slides or a recorded presentation. You may also wish to download the Chronicle of Higher Education  Vitae resource,  How to Write a Teaching Statement that Sings .

From the Graduate School's Fellowship Application Writing Workshops

• Many fellowship competitions list either faculty, reviewers from previous years’ competitions, or current fellowship recipients who may be contacted to answer your questions. 
• Seek out advanced graduate students in your field (or a related field) who have applied for the same fellowship competition. 
• Ask peers and friends for feedback on your essay drafts. 
• Use Cornell’s  Graduate Writing Service  for additional help. 
• If you would find it useful, you can review sample fellowship applications, submitted by Cornell graduate fellowship recipients, in 350 Caldwell Hall. 

See more fellowship writing tips

What Academic and Other Writers Need to Know About Writing, Publishing, and Working with Editors (and Agents)

Betsy Lerner, New York City-based author, agent, and former editor at Doubleday, recently spoke at a workshop for graduate and professional students to discuss writing and publishing for non-academic audiences.

She offered advice (and encouraging stories) for writing, publishing, and securing and working with agents and editors. The Graduate School provided copies of her book,  The Forest for the Trees: An Editor’s Advice to Writers , which offers practical advice, insider observations, and trade secrets about writing and publishing.

At the workshop, Lerner encouraged students to “Find your voice and tell your story…including the story revealed by your research.” She told them she would love to read a book about research: “I’m a deeply curious person, but you’ll have to write in such a compelling way that you help me understand it.”

View Betsy Lerner’s blog and website

Overcoming Your Writing Challenges

At the Pathways to Success Symposium on January 23, 2018, Michelle Cox, director of the  English Language Support Office , discussed common writing obstacles and strategies to overcome them.

Strategies for tackling each stage of the writing process: 

1.  The  invention , or generating, phase

• Write even when you’re not inspired 
• Push forward with the first draft—it doesn’t need to be perfect 
• Create a writing environment that will help you succeed 
• At the end of your writing time, leave yourself notes for next steps when you return 
• Take a short break to let your mind percolate 
• Free-write to work out whatever it is you’re stuck on 
• Talk to someone about what you’re working on 
• Read a mentor text about a similar topic 

2.  The  revision , or re-seeing, phase

• Share your draft with someone in your field for questions and comments on the general content and direction of the paper 
• Share your draft with someone outside your field who can ask you questions about the content and point out areas that need clarification 
• Take some time away from the draft before you dive back in 
• Focus on organization, noting what each paragraph is about and how each paragraph functions in the paper as a whole 

3.  The  editing , or fine-tuning, phase

• Share your draft with someone in your field again, with specific questions or concerns for them to keep in mind 
• Share your draft with someone outside your field again, asking them to pay close attention to sentence structure, wording, grammar 
• Locate places in your draft where you are unsure of the wording and use mentor/outside text examples for guidance 
• Check to make sure you vary your writing style throughout, e.g. that you don’t start each paragraph with the same words or phrase

Further, Cox emphasized the importance of keeping these three activities (inventing, revising, and editing) separate rather than attempting to do all three at once. The most painful and slow writing process is when the writer tries to come up with the idea while putting it into prose and perfecting the word choice and sentence structure. She also talked about writers who are using English as an additional language may use additional strategies during the writing process, particularly analyzing sample texts to see how the writer made decisions related to language, organization, and structure.

Learn more about the  writing support programs  offered by the Graduate School.

From the 3MT Presentations

Finalists of the 2018  Three Minute Thesis  received this information before the big event. Will it help you with your job talk?

• Think about your audience. By the time you are on the job market, you need at least three versions of your research talk. One presentation is for your audience of experts, such as your audience at a conference or job interview. A second is for an “elevator speech,” a brief description of your research for a non-specialist audience, the one you would give if you found yourself in an elevator with the university president, provost, Meryl Streep, or anyone else you want to impress. The third version is a talk for a “skeptical audience” – someone doubtful whether your project has relevance to solving a problem or promoting important knowledge. They would say, “Convince me of its value!”  
• Your 3MT presentation should be a hybrid of the second and third versions, a talk to a bright but non-specialist audience, who might need some convincing. Especially in this case when, at the end of the 3MT event, you could be awarded $500, $1,000, or $1,500!
• Consider your presentation title. Is it descriptive, understandable, AND intriguing (attention-getting)? (At the regional competition in April we are going to place adjacent on the program Cornell’s 2018 winner, My “Theces” about Feces with Concordia University’s 2018 winner, Why We Drink. Did I just get your attention?)
• For the 3MT competition, you can’t use notes. It’s like a Ted Talk; no notes and engage with the audience. For a job talk where you might be using notes, be familiar enough with your presentation that you regularly look up while continuing to speak. You do that to emphasize a point, to engage the audience by asking a question, or to check that they are awake or still in the room.
• Try not to be nervous! Consider the message your demeanor and body language sends, and identify some strategies to help you overcome your nerves. Breathe deeply. Relax your muscles. Practice, practice, practice so you have the confidence that you know the material. One of the things that works for me is to smile in the minutes before I start. Then smile at the audience before you start speaking (if you feel natural and comfortable doing this). A smile to the audience signals that “I’ve got this,” that you are confident…even if you are not!

From Proposal, Thesis, and Dissertation Writing Boot Camp

From the January 2019 session with Associate Dean for Academic and Student Affairs Jan Allen.

• Just write. It is easy to postpone writing to read more, conduct more research, analyze more data, etc., and to tell yourself that there is not enough information collected to write, but the best way to know what you do not know is to begin writing.
• Find a way to hold yourself accountable. Whether it is by writing in the company of a friend or group of peers or sending a nightly email to someone of the next day’s writing plans, finding a method of accountability makes it more likely that you meet your goals.
• Realize you do not have to write your entire thesis or dissertation at once. Start small with an outline, then gradually add more information until you are ready to write. Once you begin writing, set smaller goals, such as a paragraph or chapter. Each smaller step will come together to form a full draft.
• Write daily. Even if for only 15 minutes, be sure to write every day. Block out an amount of time on your schedule to hold you accountable. Fifteen minutes alone might seem short, but over time it will add up.
• Reflect on your writing process. Figure out what does and does not work for you, whether it involves motivational sticky notes, finding a new writing environment, or restricting internet access during designated writing time. If one method is not successful, take note of it, and find something that works best for you.

Why You Should be Communicating Your Research with All Audiences

The ability to communicate your research with all audiences is integral, said Professor Bruce Lewenstein during the June Pathways to Success Symposium.

Through anecdotes and examples, Lewenstein’s presentation, “Why You Should be Communicating Your Research with All Audiences,” offered attendees tips for better communication.

• When communicating your research,  focus on the process, not the findings .
• Don’t shy away from telling the audience why your work is cool , what inspired you to learn more about the field, or how you got hooked.
• Share the human side of your work ; we are all hardwired for logic as well as emotion, so be sure not to ignore the latter.
• Scholarly communication encompasses much more than publishing . Different audiences will read and experience your work differently. All people need practical, civic, and cultural knowledge.
• There are personal, institutional, and societal benefits –and risks–to communicating your research.

Five Tips for Effective Revision

From Rachael Cayley’s June 2019 Pathways to Success talk, “The Craft of Revision”:

Everyone experiences obstacles to persistent and productive writing. However, learning to write and revise is as important a skill to develop as skills required for research or critical thinking. When sitting down to write, commit yourself to extensive revisions.

When writing, keep in mind that your final product should be reader- and audience-driven. As stated by Joseph M. Williams, “We write the first draft for ourselves; the drafts thereafter increasingly for the reader.”

Here are five ways to make your drafts more coherent, concise, correct, and cohesive:

• Develop a reverse outline.
• Use strong verbs.
• Replace vague references.
• Use parallelism.
• Use correct punctuation for clarity.

'Speak and Be Heard': Communication Tips from Eliza VanCort

In less than one hundredth of a millisecond, people make a decision about you based on the way you communicate. Your communication skills can define you beyond your expertise; help you to be well-known, liked, and successful; and can extend your reputation beyond what you know and can do. It’s as much about the way you deliver your content as it is your actual content.

During Eliza VanCort’s presentation at the Winter 2019 Pathways to Success Symposium, she offered graduate students and postdocs the following tips on lifting ideas to become better communicators:

• High status behavior uses open and expansive body language to command attention. Not moving your head, speaking in complete sentences, holding eye contact longer than normal, and strategically interrupting people are high status moves that, when used appropriately, can help you gain the upper hand.
• Low status behavior involves using variable hand movements especially when your hands are near your face, looking away, and speaking in incomplete sentences. It also involves making your body as small as possible. Using low status behaviors can prevent you from taking charge of certain situations. However, low status behaviors such as smiling, which demonstrates appeasement, can be used strategically when trying to level out power dynamics or to make someone feel more comfortable.
• Use silence and own it. Silence is an effective tool that can be both offensive and defensive. Use silence when you are stuck or need to gather your thoughts to appear contemplative. When using silence as a tool, be aware that when speakers adjust their body, people look away and may lose focus. Therefore, try to minimize body movements when using silence.
• Adjust your cadence. For quick speakers, break your message into fragments and slow down to gain more authority. Speaking at a slower pace can be more effective.
• Adjust your pitch, lower or higher, to highlight certain information and gain interest. Use caution though, because using a high pitch too frequently can signal insincerity.
• Your pitch can make you sound confident or nervous. Therefore, be mindful of the pitch you are using, and when and where you are using it since your pitch is always telling a story.

Read more about VanCort’s presentation or watch her TEDx talk .

Four Tips from Fall 2020 Fellowship Workshops

Jan Allen, associate dean for academic and student affairs, compiled the following tips from her Fall 2020 fellowship application writing workshops:

• Start early. It’s worth repeating: Start early! A National Science Foundation (NSF) program director shared that the biggest problem with applications to the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship is that students don’t start early enough. How did she know? The reviewers often made statements such as: I wanted to fund this one, but…it needed just a little more elaboration, a little more editing, a little more development of the methodology, a little more of something that could have been accomplished with just a little more time.  
• Find the right fellowship.  Find fellowship opportunities that align with your own research. One of the best searchable fellowship databases is UCLA’s  GRAPES .  
• Be competitive.  Make sure you will be competitive. How? Are your faculty advisors able to write very strong support letters? (Don’t ask for a letter. Ask for a very strong letter.) And are you applying for a fellowship that matches your progression through your doctoral program: early stage, research stage, dissertation writing and completion stage fellowships?  
• Consider broader impacts.  Many fellowship competitions require applicants to write about broader impacts. How do you connect and communicate your science and scholarship to the larger community? Mentoring or tutoring in after-school programs? Advocacy and public outreach? Contacting legislators and other policymakers?

Takeaways from 2021 All-Virtual Writing Boot Camp

Earlier this year, the Graduate School hosted the second all-virtual Writing Boot Camp, open to any writer working on a manuscript, proposal, thesis, dissertation, or other writing project.

Participants discussed obstacles or challenges that slow or stop writing progress: self-sabotage, unproductive habits, binge writing, and ignoring the  three Ss  —  structure, schedule, strategies  —  tailored to individual writing style and needs. During one of these discussions, Dr. Wai-Kwong Wong of Cornell’s Counseling and Psychological Services changed our writing lives with a revelation about procrastination tendencies.

Procrastination leads us to miss deadlines, write furiously at the last minute under pressure and stress, and produce a manuscript that might not be our best effort. But procrastination can be even worse for our psychological and physical well-being.

Procrastinating makes us feel guilty, ashamed, and even defective. Procrastination is feeling like you are ruining your life for no apparent reason. Piers Steel described procrastinating this way: “to voluntarily delay an intended course of action despite expecting to be worse-off for the delay” (Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination .  Psychological Bulletin, 133 (1), 65-94).

When we write we see the words, pages, and chapters as proof of our productivity, intellect, and persistence. When we don’t write due to procrastination (or perfectionistic tendencies, anxiety, lack of clear expectations, fear of what our advisor or the critical, judgmental voice inside our head will say), the short-term relief from the stress of writing is greatly outweighed by feelings of guilt and inadequacy. 

Can you stop procrastinating? Are there strategies that work for you? If you want more writing tips and strategies delivered by email every other week, sign up for the  Productive Writer  mailing list.

Read more Tips and Takeaways : career tips , entrepreneurship tips , finance tips , tips from the GPWomeN-PCCW speaker series , health and wellness tips , job search tips , mentoring and leadership tips

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•       Resources       Publish or Perish: Graduate Students' Guide to Publishing

Publish or Perish: Graduate Students' Guide to Publishing

In addition to endless piles of reading, demanding expectations in the classroom, student teaching responsibilities, and the always-looming awareness that they need to research, write, and edit a high-quality dissertation before graduating, today’s Ph.D. students also commonly feel stress about another topic: publishing. As more prospective employers expect degree seekers to get their names in academic journals and conferences while still in school, many learners feel overwhelmed by the prospects of making the grade. The following guide answers some of their most pressing questions, provides guidance on the ins and outs of publishing while still in school, and offers expert advice from a professor who knows better than most what it takes to publish rather than perish.

Understanding Publishing in Graduate School

Getting published as a grad student can feel overwhelming at first, because there’s so much to learn about the process and expectations surrounding it. With a bit of research, however, students can familiarize themselves with the specific language surrounding publishing and make in-roads towards getting their first paper published.

What Does it Mean to Get Published?

Within the context of graduate school, publishing refers to getting essays, papers, and research findings published in one of the academic journals or related forms seen as a leader in the field. As jobs in academia continue to become more competitive, it isn’t enough for learners to simply do well in their coursework. The degree seeker who hopes to land an important post-doctoral fellowship or find a teaching position at a college or university must make themselves stand out in other ways.

When Should a Ph.D. Candidate Get Published?

Getting a paper published takes a lot of time and effort, and those students who wait until the final year or two of a doctoral program may fail to actually have any published materials by the time they graduate. According to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln’s Graduate Connections program , getting a paper published – especially if it’s your first – can take up to three years. In addition to the fact that most journals publish quarterly, the panel review process typically takes a significant amount of time and those submitting for the first or second time usually need to make a large number of edits and complete rewrites in order to reach a publishable standard.

How to Get Published

In order to get published, students submit their work to the journal or conference of their choosing. They frequently also provide a cover letter outlining their research interests. Most journals put out generic calls for submissions once or twice a year, while some may ask for papers addressing specific topics that have a much shorter turnaround time. Grad students may find it intimidating to go up against more seasoned academics, but another option revolves around partnering with their dissertation supervisor or another professor with whom they work closely with to co-author a paper. This not only helps ensure the validity of their findings, but alerts the academic world know that this other, more recognized faculty member believes in the research the student is doing.

Who Should Get Published?

Learners most anxious to get published are those who see their future careers in teaching and research. Because the world of academia is relatively small when divided into individual subjects, it’s important for students who want to break into these ambitious arenas to make a name for themselves early on and create a curriculum vitae that captures the attention of hiring committees.

Where Should Students Get Published?

When deciding which publications to pursue, students should consider the research aims of each and their likelihood of getting published. Newer journals tend to take more submissions as they are still working on building up their roster of contributors. While less venerated than other publications, getting printed in these can help build up name recognition and make it easier to break into the top-tier publications over time.

In terms of where work is published, the majority of students look to academic journals when sending out cover letters and examples of their work. But other options exist as well. Presenting papers at conferences is a popular avenue, as are chapters in books. The following sections takes a more in-depth look at how and where to publish.

Realities & Challenges of Getting Published

Getting published, especially while still in grad school, takes tenacity, focus, and a thick skin. Those who continue working on their craft, presenting at conferences, collaborating with others, and not taking no for an answer, however, frequently find success. Some of the challenges students may encounter include:

Lack of time

It’s no secret that doctoral students have busy schedules that seldom allow for outside – or sometimes, even related – interests to take up much of their days. Because publishing is not a degree requirement, carving out the time needed to research, write, and edit the type of paper required for publishing can feel impossible. With this in mind, student should look for ways to multitask. If presenting at a conference, think about how that paper could be transformed into a journal article.

Lack of confidence

Studies have shown that mental stress and illness frequently increase in grad school as students feel intense pressure to stand out from their peers. These feelings are often intensified when considering publishing, as learners are going up against academics and researchers who have been working in the field far longer than them. It’s important to remember that each of those renowned individuals had to start somewhere.

Lack of funding

Completing the research needed for a competitive paper doesn’t only take time – it requires money. Whether traveling to archives or printing all the necessary documentation, funding for outside research can be scarce while in school. Some programs provide competitive grants for research travel to help offset these costs.

Intense competition

As discussed earlier, competition for publishing is fierce. Academic journals and conferences only have space for so many authors and trying to get noticed can feel like a losing battle. In addition to seeking out newer publications and co-authoring with more notable figures, consider taking part in symposiums at the school you attend to get your foot in the door. While research on the average number of rejections is lacking, don’t feel discouraged if it takes a long time to be chosen for publication.

Finding the right publisher

While getting your name in print within an academic journal you greatly admire is the ultimate goal, it may take some years for it to come to fruition. One of the biggest mistakes students make is applying to ill-suited publications. Look for journals with editorial board members whose names you recognize. If a professor knows one of them, don’t be afraid to ask if they can help get your paper in front of them.

Adequately addressing feedback

Getting a paper published often requires intense editing and even completely restructuring and rewriting what you conceived in the initial abstract. If an academic journal shows interest in your essay but suggests rewrites, pay close attention to their requests and try to work with an advisor to ensure you meet all the stated requirements.

What do Graduate Students Publish?

Academic journals may receive the lion’s share of discussion in the publishing world, but graduate students can actually choose from numerous outlets and paths for getting their work to a larger audience. Students should review the options listed below and think about which format might showcase their work best.

Tips for Publishing

Despite the great amount of work required to publish, students who meet the challenges and persevere stand to position themselves favorably for future job opportunities. The following section addresses some of the most common questions about the process and alleviates general fears about how publishing (or not) reflects upon them.

How many papers should a Ph.D. student try to publish before graduating?

According to scholar-practitioner Dr. Deniece Dortch, no single answer exists. “There is no hard and fast rule as to the number of publications students should have prior to graduation,” she notes. “The reality is students in STEM disciplines and those who use quantitative methods are more likely to have publications prior to graduation because they often work in research teams and labs. This is not to say that qualitative scholars or those in other disciplines aren’t, but it’s a much more standardized practice in STEM for students to graduate with two or three publications. Personally, I had one sole-authored publication accepted prior to graduation, one first-authored piece, and one second-authored piece.”

How many journal articles is it possible to publish during a PhD?

“The answer varies and is determined by factors such as length of program, research team access, and faculty relationships,” says Dr. Dortch. “I’ve seen folks finish with as many as 10 publications, although this is extreme and doesn’t happen often.” She continues, “Imagine you are in a four-year program and you get your idea to write an article in year two. You submit that article in year three after getting approval, collecting data, analyzing it, and then writing your paper. Year three you submit that paper; it may be accepted in year four after months of revisions at the request of the editor. You finally have one published paper as you graduate.”

Are there PhD students who have no journal publications? Should they be worried about that?

“It depends on the type of employment the student is seeking upon graduation,” says Dr. Dortch, “Students applying to or wanting to work in institutions and organizations with the highest levels of research productivity who have no publications may want to consider post-doctoral positions so they have the time and space to work on increasing their publication record after graduation.” She continues, “Postdocs are a very common practice in many disciplines and are used as a way to gain additional training and expertise in research and teaching.”

Is it absolutely essential to have publications to apply for a PhD program?

In a word, no. Individuals working toward doctoral degrees have many reasons for doing so, not all of which require them to publish. Admissions panels also recognize that students focus their efforts on many different goals (e.g. jobs, internships, presenting at symposiums) throughout bachelor’s and master’s programs. As long as learners can demonstrate an ongoing commitment to scholarship, publishing is not an absolute requirement.

Does publish or perish begin before starting a PhD program?

It’s true that many students begin worrying about publishing before starting a Ph.D. program, but the reality is that they have ample time during and after completing a doctorate to make their mark on the world of scholarship. According to a recent article by Inside Higher Ed , some individuals in the academy now wonder if too much emphasis is being placed on grad students publishing. Learners unsure about this should speak to a trusted advisor or mentor to figure out when to focus on getting published.

What is the difference between a published article and a Ph.D. thesis?

While a Ph.D. thesis is required for satisfactory completion of a degree, a published article is not. A Ph.D. also takes a much longer form than a published article, averaging approximately 90,000 words. Academic journal entries, conversely, are usually between 4,000 and 7,000 words.

Should I first write my Ph.D. thesis or publish journal articles?

Though publishing at the doctoral level is increasingly seen as a requirement in the job market, it is not part of degree requirements. With this in mind, students should prioritize the research and writing of their thesis above all else. If they have the time and mental clarity needed to publish journal articles, this can be a secondary focus.

From the Expert

Dr. Deniece Dortch is a scholar-practitioner known for her commitment to diversity, social justice and activism. Dr. Dortch holds a Ph.D. in Educational Leadership & Policy Analysis from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, an Ed.M. in Higher & Postsecondary Education from Columbia University, an M.A. in Intercultural Service, Diversity Leadership & Management from the School for International Training and a B.A. in Spanish from Eastern Michigan University. Hailed a graduate school expert by NPR, she has published numerous articles on the experiences of historically underrepresented undergraduate and graduate students. She is the creator of the African American Doctoral Scholars Initiative at the University of Utah and currently a Visiting Assistant Professor of Higher Education at The George Washington University .

Publishing as a student can feel intimidating. Why is this process important for learners to go through?

Long gone are the days of getting a good job by just having a solid dissertation or an award-winning thesis. Publishing your work while in school demonstrates a commitment to answering and understanding our world’s most complex problems. Further, institutions want to know that you have the capacity to publish. Now, publishing doesn’t mean you have to be first author or that you must publish sole-authored pieces only. Collaboration is also sufficient and often encouraged. The publishing process is intimidating for folks because it involves critique and, most often, rejection.

Receiving and giving critical feedback is part of the learning process and students should not shy away from it because it will only serve them well in the end as they learn to cope with disappointment and reward. But more importantly, there is no point spending months and years conducting research if you are just going to keep your findings to yourself. What you learn is meant to be shared.

What are some common mistakes these learners make when preparing their first papers?

Common mistakes that individuals make include not adhering to the guidelines outlined in the submission process. Examples of this can include ignoring formatting requirements (e.g. APA, MLA, etc.), going over the stated word count, inadequately proofreading, and not submitting a cover letter. This is probably the most important one.

What specific advice do you have for them in terms of finding the right outlet, preparing their work, and submitting to journals?

Students should have multiple individuals read over their work before submission. Writing is a process and even after it is submitted, it will need to be revised many more times before you will read it in print. It is part of the process. To find a good outlet for your work, pay attention to where other scholars are submitting their work. If you’re subject is aligned with theirs, you have a shot. Make a list of at least three outlets that fit your article. Also look out for special calls. A special call for submissions usually goes a lot faster than the regular submission process, so if you’re a student who is about to go on the job market, submit to those first. Also, the more competitive the academic, the longer the process, so keep that in mind. If you are rejected, just re-submit to the the next journal on your list.

In addition to publishing in journals, how else might a student go about getting recognition in their field while still in school?

Apply for all fellowships, grants, and awards that are specific to you and what you do. People in the academy love an award winner and they especially love people whose work has been recognized and/or funded by outside groups. A great way to increase a student’s visibility is to publish outside academic journals and publish in other media outlets. Also attend conferences in your field. Try to get on the program as a presenter or facilitator so that people in your field will start to know who you are and your research interests.

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Graduate International Connection Program

How to Write Seminar and Research Papers Effectively

October 3, 2020 by yeku1

Written by Praveen Krishna Veerasubramanian

Hi all! Congratulations on your successful admit, and welcome to UCI!

As graduate students, we would all be tasked with the drafting research papers for journals, seminars or conferences. Such an endeavor can result in instances of immense anxiety, procrastination or simply writer’s block. As an indispensable part of graduate life, research writing turns into a rewarding experience once we overcome the few barriers with practice and prudence. Here, I am curating a list of general pointers that is intended to help you with academic writing.

• Know the requirements – Most journals and conferences have a list of guidelines meant to steer your writing process. These would include instructions on word limits, page limits, sections, figures, and scientific flavor, to name a few.
• Know your audience – It becomes imperative to understand the requirements of your readers in order to create an effective publication. Keep in mind that the reader in your target journal or conference might not be familiar with the nuances of your field of research. This means that you might need to offset this with a more informative introduction.
• Define the scope and purpose – Describe what the paper is intended to achieve.
• Create an outline – Start by writing a skeleton of statements. This would help you organize your thoughts better and formulate ideas that could serve as topic sentences for the sections. An outline would also serve to unify, sort and prioritize your ideas into a central theme or big picture.
• Plan for visuals – Information in your paper may be better represented through schematics, data charts or process diagrams. Envision your figures and tables as you write the outline for the paper.
• Gather and digest relevant high-standard literature and sources – This becomes important input for the introduction, methods and discussion sections for original research papers. For review papers, you might have to create an extensive library of relevant publications and sources. Exemplary articles may also serve as model articles for your own.
• Use a citation/reference/library manager – Reference managers help you organize your library better and keep track of the publications that you want to cite. After citation into your draft, reference managers can help you change the citation style with the click of a button. Collaborative writing exercises are also simplified with a shared library. Endnote Basic, Mendeley and Zotero are a few examples of free and popular library managers used by academic writers. This comparison of the common citation managers will help you choose yours.
• Discuss authorship beforehand – Disagreements on authorships can turn out to be a sticky issue with the potential to affect the relationship between academic collaborators. It is best to bring up the topic of authorship even as a research work is being proposed and done. Discuss with your supervisor/PI and collaborators to make sure everybody is aware of their responsibilities and outcomes.
• Write, edit, review, repeat… – Writing is an iterative process, and you would most likely go through multiple cycles of idea synthesis, drafting, editing and clean-up. Share your outline/rough draft for review by your collaborators, peers, and PI so that you can get feedback early in this process. This would ensure that your paper is organized in a manner that is most logical and elegant.
• Be mindful of plagiarism and its risks – Always ensure originality in your written pieces. Plagiarism is not tolerated at any level in graduate school. In addition, always remember to cite and credit any data that you might borrow, to its original authors.

Once you have written a complete first draft, you would need to address lower order concerns like grammar, punctuation and spelling errors. A good word processor can do the heavy lifting in this effort. In addition, it might help to know the various elements of academic writing mechanics. This Online Writing Lab describes various strategies that can help with the writing process.

UCI offers several resources that can help you with writing your next academic paper –

• Program in Academic English  – This program offered by the School of Humanities, has been engineered to benefit non-native speakers. It aims to polish their writing, conversational, and presentation skills.
• Writing Support at Graduate Resource Center (GRC)  – The GRC provides writing support services for the diverse academic needs of graduate students. It organizes the ESL/ELL academic writing workshop series that address specific grammar and language mechanics of a formal English composition. Writing consultants at the GRC also provide individual meetings with students to review academic content (publications, dissertation/thesis, conference paper, resume/CV, cover letters, etc.) and organize boot camps and workshops periodically, relating to scholarly writing. The GRC also hosts targeted writing groups and offers dedicated writing space for graduates.
• UCI Libraries  – The library would be your go-to place for research needs and the UCI libraries seldom disappoint you. The  UCI library  website is a great place to start locating various UCI libraries and exploring their resources. It provides helpful information and tutorials on topics, such as browsing and borrowing books, interlibrary loans from other UC libraries, research guides and tools, accessing multimedia resources, and off-campus resource access. One can also find help exploring subject-specific content by contacting  subject librarians . The library also provides dissertation consultation services to critique theses for formatting requirements.

I hope this was helpful. Wish you good luck with your writing exercises!

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How to Read Research Papers: A Cheat Sheet for Graduate Students

• August 4, 2022
• PRODUCTIVITY

It is crucial to stay on top of the scientific literature in your field of interest. This will help you shape and guide your experimental plans and keep you informed about what your competitors are working on.

To get the most out of your literature reading time, you need to learn how to read scientific papers efficiently. The problem is that we simply don’t have enough time to read new scientific papers in our results-driven world. 

It takes a great deal of time for researchers to learn how to read research papers. Unfortunately, this skill is rarely taught.

I wasted a lot of time reading unnecessary papers in the past since I didn’t have an appropriate workflow to follow. In particular, I needed a way to determine if a paper would interest me before I read it from start to finish.

So, what’s the solution?

This is where I came across the Three-pass method for reading research papers. 

Here’s what I’ve learned from using the three pass methods and what tweaks I’ve made to my workflow to make it more personalized.

Build time into your schedule 

Before you read anything, you should set aside a set amount of time to read research papers. It will be very hard to read research papers if you do not have a schedule because you will only try to read them for a week or two, and then you will feel frustrated. An organized schedule reduces procrastination significantly.

 For example, I take 30-40 minutes each weekday morning to read a research paper I come across.

After you have determined a time “only” to read research papers, you have to have a proper workflow.

Develop a workflow

For example, I follow a customized version of the popular workflow, the “Three-pass method”. 

When you are beginning, you may follow the method exactly as described, but as you get more experienced, you can make some changes down the road.

Why you shouldn’t read the entire paper at once?

Oftentimes, the papers you think are so important and that you should read every single word are actually worth only 10 minutes of your time.

Unlike reading an article about science in a blog or newspaper, reading research papers is an entirely different experience. In addition to reading the sections in a different order, you must take notes, read them several times, and probably look up other papers for details. 

It may take you a long time to read one paper at first. But that’s okay because you are investing yourself in the process.

However, you’re wasting your time if you don’t have a proper workflow. 

Oftentimes, reading a whole paper might not be necessary to get the specific information you need.

The Three-pass concept

The key idea is to read the paper in up to three passes rather than starting at the beginning and plowing through it. With each pass, you accomplish specific goals and build upon the previous one.

The first pass gives you a general idea of the paper. A second pass will allow you to understand the content of the paper, but not its details. A third pass helps you understand the paper more deeply.

The first pass (Maximum: 10 minutes)

The paper is scanned quickly in the first pass to get an overview. Also, you can decide if any more passes are needed. It should take about five to ten minutes to complete this pass.

Carefully read the title, abstract, and introduction

You should be able to tell from the title what the paper is about. In addition, it is a good idea to look at the authors and their affiliations, which may be valuable for various reasons, such as future reference, employment, guidance, and determining the reliability of the research.

The abstract should provide a high-level overview of the paper. You may ask, What are the main goals of the author(s) and what are the high-level results? There are usually some clues in the abstract about the paper’s purpose. You can think of the abstract as a marketing piece.

As you read the introduction, make sure you only focus on the topic sentences, and you can loosely focus on the other content.

What is a topic sentence?

Topic sentences introduce a paragraph by introducing the one topic that will be the focus of that paragraph. 

The structure of a paragraph should match the organization of a paper. At the paragraph level, the topic sentence gives the paper’s main idea, just as the thesis statement does at the essay level. After that, the rest of the paragraph supports the topic.

In the beginning, I read the whole paragraph, and it took me more than 30 minutes to complete the first pass. By identifying topic sentences, I have revolutionized my reading game, as I am now only reading the summary of the paragraph, saving me a lot of time during the second and third passes.

Read the section and sub-section headings, but ignore everything else 

Regarding methods and discussions, do not attempt to read even topic sentences because you are trying to decide whether this article is useful to you.

Reading the headings and subheadings is the best practice. It allows you to get a feel for the paper without taking up a lot of time.

Read the conclusions

It is standard for good writers to present the foundations of their experiment at the beginning and summarize their findings at the end of their paper.

Therefore, you are well prepared to read and understand the conclusion after reading the abstract and introduction.

Many people overlook the importance of the first pass. In adopting the three-pass method into my workflow, I realized that many papers that I thought had high relevance did not require me to spend more time reading. 

Therefore, after the first pass, I can decide not to read it further, saving me a lot of time.

Glance over the references

You can mentally check off the ones you’ve already read.

As you read through the references, you will better understand what has been studied previously in the field of research.

First pass objectives

At the end of the first pass, you should be able to answer these questions: 

• What is the  category  of this paper? Is it an analytical paper? Is it only an “introductory” paper? (if this is the case, probably, you might not want to read further, but it depends on the information you are after)or is it an argumentative research paper?
• Does the  context  of the paper serve the purpose for what you are looking for? If not, this paper might not be worth passing on to the second stage of this method.
• Does the basic logic of the paper seem to be valid? How do you comment on the  correctness  of the paper?
• What is the main  output  of the paper, or is there output at all?
• Is the paper well written? How do you comment on the  clarity  of the paper?

After the first pass, you should have a good idea whether you want to continue reading the research paper.

Maybe the paper doesn’t interest you, you don’t understand the area enough, or the authors make an incorrect assumption. 

In the first pass, you should be able to identify papers that are not related to your area of research but may be useful someday. 

You can store your paper with relevant tags in your reference manager, as discussed in the previous blog post in the  Bulletproof Literature Management System  series.

This is the third post of the four-part blog series:  The Bulletproof Literature Management System . Follow the links below to read the other posts in the series:

• How to How to find Research Papers
• How to Manage Research Papers
• How to Read Research Papers (You are here)
• How to Organize Research Papers

The second pass (Maximum: 60 minutes)

You are now ready to make a second pass through the paper if you decide it is worth reading more.

You should now begin taking some high-level notes because there will be words and ideas that are unfamiliar to you. 

Most reference managers come with an in-built PDF reader. In this case, taking notes and highlighting notes in the built-in pdf reader is the best practice. This method will prevent you from losing your notes and allow you to revise them easily.

Don’t be discouraged by everything that does not make sense. You can just mark it and move on. It is recommended that you only spend about an hour working on the paper in the second pass. 

In the second pass:

• Start with the abstract, skim through the introduction, and give the methods section a thorough look. 
• Make sure you pay close attention to the figures, diagrams, and other illustrations on the paper. By just looking at the captions of the figures and tables in a well-written paper, you can grasp 90 percent of the information. 
• It is important to pay attention to the overall methodology . There is a lot of detail in the methods section. At this point, you do not need to examine every part. 
• Read the results and discussion sections to better understand the key findings.
• Make sure you mark the relevant references in the paper so you can find them later.

Objectives of the second pass

You should be able to understand the paper’s content. Sometimes, it may be okay if you cannot comprehend some details. However, you should now be able to see the main idea of the paper. Otherwise, it might be better to rest and go through the second pass without entering the third. 

This is a good time to summarize the paper. During your reading, make sure to make notes.

After the second pass, you can: 

• Return to the paper later(If you did not understand the basic idea of the paper)
• Move onto the thirst pass.

The third pass (Maximum: four hours)

You should go to the third stage (the third pass) for a complete understanding of the paper. It may take you a few hours this time to read the paper. However, you may want to avoid reading a single paper for longer than four hours, even at the third pass.

A great deal of attention to detail is required for this pass. Every statement should be challenged, and every assumption should be identified.

By the third pass, you will be able to summarize the paper so that not only do you understand the content, but you can also comment on limitations and potential future developments.

Color coding when reading research papers

Highlighting is one way I help myself learn the material when I read research papers. It is especially helpful to highlight an article when you return to it later. 

Therefore, I use different colors for different segments. To manage my references, I use Zotero. There is an inbuilt PDF reader in Zotero. I use the highlighting colors offered by this software. The most important thing is the concept or phrase I want to color code, not the color itself.

Here is my color coding system.

• Problem statement: Violet
• Questions to ask: Red (I highlight in red where I want additional questions to be asked or if I am unfamiliar with the concept)
• Conclusions: Green (in the discussion section, authors draw conclusions based on their data. I prefer to highlight these in the discussion section rather than in the conclusion section since I can easily locate the evidence there)
• Keywords: Blue
• General highlights and notes: Yellow

Minimize distractions

Even though I’m not a morning person, I forced myself to read papers in the morning just to get rid of distractions. In order to follow through with this process (at least when you are starting out), you must have minimum to no distractions because research papers contain a great deal of highly packed information.

It doesn’t mean you can’t have fun doing it, though. Make a cup of coffee and enjoy reading!

Images courtesy : Online working vector created by storyset – www.freepik.com

Aruna Kumarasiri

Founder at Proactive Grad, Materials Engineer, Researcher, and turned author. In 2019, he started his professional carrier as a materials engineer with the continuation of his research studies. His exposure to both academic and industrial worlds has provided many opportunities for him to give back to young professionals.

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APA Writing Guide: Formatting for Graduate Students

• Formatting for Undergraduates
• Formatting for Graduate Students
• In-text Citations
• Books and Ebooks
• Journal Articles
• Misc.Citations

Writing Center

The Liberty University Writing Center is available to provide writing coaching to students. Residential students should contact the  On-Campus Writing Center  for assistance. Online students should contact the  Online Writing Center  for assistance.

General Rules

Liberty University has determined that graduate students will use APA 7’s formatting guidelines for professional papers. To assist you, Liberty University's Writing Center provides a template paper and a  sample paper .

For professional papers, the following four sections are required: 

• Title Page with Running Head
• Abstract with Keywords
• Reference List

Here are a few things to keep in mind as you format your paper:

• Fonts  - LU recommends that papers be typed in 12-point Times New Roman or 11-point Calibri fonts.  
• Use only one space at the end of each sentence in the body of your paper.
• In general, APA papers should be double spaced throughout. A list of exceptions can be found here.
• To make sure that your paper is double spaced throughout,  select the text ,  right click , select ' Paragraph ,' and look under the section ' Line Spacing ' as shown below:

• Margins/Alignment  - Your paper should use 1-inch margins on standard-sized paper (8.5' X 11'). Make sure that you use  Align Left  (CTRL + L) on the paper, except for the title page.  
•   Indentation – The first sentence in each new paragraph in the body of the paper should be indented a half inch. The abstract, however, should not be indented. References use hanging indentation .  
• Headings:   Please note that all headings are in title case. Level 1 headings should be centered (and in bold), and Level 2 and 3 headings should be left-aligned (and in bold or bold italic, respectively). Level 4 and 5 headings are indented like regular paragraphs. An example of formatting headings in a paper is available here

Title Page: When setting up the professional title page, please note the following elements should be present on the page:

• There is no limit to the number of words in the title.
• Add an extra blank double-spaced line between the title and author’s name.
• Name of each author (centered)
• Name of department and institution/affiliation (centered)
• Place the author note in the bottom half of the title page. Center and bold the label “Author Note.” Align the paragraphs of the author note to the left. For an example, see the LU Writing Center template for graduate students here .
• Page number in top right corner of the header, starting with page 1 on the title page
• The running head is an abbreviated version of the title of your paper (or the full title if the title is already short).
• Type the running head in all-capital letters.
• Ensure the running head is no more than 50 characters, including spaces and punctuation.
• The running head appears in the same format on every page, including the first page.
• Do not use the label “Running head:” before the running head.
• Align the running head to the left margin of the page header, across from the right-aligned page number.

Abstract Page: The abstract page includes the abstract and related keywords.

The abstract is a brief but comprehensive summary of your paper. Here are guidelines for formatting the abstract:

• It should be the second page of a professional (graduate level) paper.
• The first line should say “Abstract” centered and in bold.
• The abstract should start one line below the section label.
• It should be a single paragraph and should not be indented.
• It should not exceed 250 words.

Keywords are used for indexing in databases and as search terms. Your keywords should capture the most important aspects of your paper in three to five words, phrases, or acronyms. Here are formatting guidelines:

• Label “ Keywords ” one line below the abstract, indented and in italics (not bolded).
• The keywords should be written on the same line as and one space after the label “ Keywords ”.
• The keywords should be lowercase (but capitalize proper nouns) and not italic or bold.
• Each keyword should be separated by a comma and a space and followed by a colon.
• There should be no ending punctuation.
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• Next: In-text Citations >>
• Last Updated: Aug 29, 2023 11:29 AM
• URL: https://libguides.liberty.edu/APAguide

1000+ FREE Research Topics & Title Ideas

If you’re at the start of your research journey and are trying to figure out which research topic you want to focus on, you’ve come to the right place. Select your area of interest below to view a comprehensive collection of potential research ideas.

Research Topic FAQs

What (exactly) is a research topic.

A research topic is the subject of a research project or study – for example, a dissertation or thesis. A research topic typically takes the form of a problem to be solved, or a question to be answered.

A good research topic should be specific enough to allow for focused research and analysis. For example, if you are interested in studying the effects of climate change on agriculture, your research topic could focus on how rising temperatures have impacted crop yields in certain regions over time.

To learn more about the basics of developing a research topic, consider our free research topic ideation webinar.

What constitutes a good research topic?

A strong research topic comprises three important qualities : originality, value and feasibility.

• Originality – a good topic explores an original area or takes a novel angle on an existing area of study.
• Value – a strong research topic provides value and makes a contribution, either academically or practically.
• Feasibility – a good research topic needs to be practical and manageable, given the resource constraints you face.

To learn more about what makes for a high-quality research topic, check out this post .

What's the difference between a research topic and research problem?

A research topic and a research problem are two distinct concepts that are often confused. A research topic is a broader label that indicates the focus of the study , while a research problem is an issue or gap in knowledge within the broader field that needs to be addressed.

To illustrate this distinction, consider a student who has chosen “teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom” as their research topic. This research topic could encompass any number of issues related to teenage pregnancy such as causes, prevention strategies, health outcomes for mothers and babies, etc.

Within this broad category (the research topic) lies potential areas of inquiry that can be explored further – these become the research problems . For example:

• What factors contribute to higher rates of teenage pregnancy in certain communities?
• How do different types of parenting styles affect teen pregnancy rates?
• What interventions have been successful in reducing teenage pregnancies?

Simply put, a key difference between a research topic and a research problem is scope ; the research topic provides an umbrella under which multiple questions can be asked, while the research problem focuses on one specific question or set of questions within that larger context.

How can I find potential research topics for my project?

There are many steps involved in the process of finding and choosing a high-quality research topic for a dissertation or thesis. We cover these steps in detail in this video (also accessible below).

How can I find quality sources for my research topic?

Finding quality sources is an essential step in the topic ideation process. To do this, you should start by researching scholarly journals, books, and other academic publications related to your topic. These sources can provide reliable information on a wide range of topics. Additionally, they may contain data or statistics that can help support your argument or conclusions.

Identifying Relevant Sources

When searching for relevant sources, it’s important to look beyond just published material; try using online databases such as Google Scholar or JSTOR to find articles from reputable journals that have been peer-reviewed by experts in the field.

You can also use search engines like Google or Bing to locate websites with useful information about your topic. However, be sure to evaluate any website before citing it as a source—look for evidence of authorship (such as an “About Us” page) and make sure the content is up-to-date and accurate before relying on it.

Evaluating Sources

Once you’ve identified potential sources for your research project, take some time to evaluate them thoroughly before deciding which ones will best serve your purpose. Consider factors such as author credibility (are they an expert in their field?), publication date (is the source current?), objectivity (does the author present both sides of an issue?) and relevance (how closely does this source relate to my specific topic?).

By researching the current literature on your topic, you can identify potential sources that will help to provide quality information. Once you’ve identified these sources, it’s time to look for a gap in the research and determine what new knowledge could be gained from further study.

How can I find a good research gap?

Finding a strong gap in the literature is an essential step when looking for potential research topics. We explain what research gaps are and how to find them in this post.

How should I evaluate potential research topics/ideas?

When evaluating potential research topics, it is important to consider the factors that make for a strong topic (we discussed these earlier). Specifically:

• Originality
• Feasibility

So, when you have a list of potential topics or ideas, assess each of them in terms of these three criteria. A good topic should take a unique angle, provide value (either to academia or practitioners), and be practical enough for you to pull off, given your limited resources.

Finally, you should also assess whether this project could lead to potential career opportunities such as internships or job offers down the line. Make sure that you are researching something that is relevant enough so that it can benefit your professional development in some way. Additionally, consider how each research topic aligns with your career goals and interests; researching something that you are passionate about can help keep motivation high throughout the process.

How can I assess the feasibility of a research topic?

When evaluating the feasibility and practicality of a research topic, it is important to consider several factors.

First, you should assess whether or not the research topic is within your area of competence. Of course, when you start out, you are not expected to be the world’s leading expert, but do should at least have some foundational knowledge.

Time commitment

When considering a research topic, you should think about how much time will be required for completion. Depending on your field of study, some topics may require more time than others due to their complexity or scope.

Additionally, if you plan on collaborating with other researchers or institutions in order to complete your project, additional considerations must be taken into account such as coordinating schedules and ensuring that all parties involved have adequate resources available.

Resources needed

It’s also critically important to consider what type of resources are necessary in order to conduct the research successfully. This includes physical materials such as lab equipment and chemicals but can also include intangible items like access to certain databases or software programs which may be necessary depending on the nature of your work. Additionally, if there are costs associated with obtaining these materials then this must also be factored into your evaluation process.

Potential risks

It’s important to consider the inherent potential risks for each potential research topic. These can include ethical risks (challenges getting ethical approval), data risks (not being able to access the data you’ll need), technical risks relating to the equipment you’ll use and funding risks (not securing the necessary financial back to undertake the research).

If you’re looking for more information about how to find, evaluate and select research topics for your dissertation or thesis, check out our free webinar here . Alternatively, if you’d like 1:1 help with the topic ideation process, consider our private coaching services .

Psst... there’s more!

This post was based on one of our popular Research Bootcamps . If you're working on a research project, you'll definitely want to check this out ...

How To Submit

Journal of Student Research (JSR) is a Multidisciplinary and Faculty-reviewed journal devoted to the Rapid Dissemination of current student research. The journal seeks papers that are novel, integrative, and written in a way that is accessible to a wide audience which includes an array of disciplines. The content of the journal ranges from Applied research to Theoretical research. In general, papers are welcomed from all topics.

The first author of the submission must be an Undergraduate or Graduate student currently enrolled or graduated from an accredited academic institution. In both cases, advisor's information must be listed at submission.

Students who have already graduated must submit a letter as a supplementary file from their advisor testifying of their attendance at the university and conducting the research at the time. Submitted manuscripts will not be eligible for publication without the advisor information listed as such during submission.

Only 5 authors including advisors are free of charge per manuscript submission. For additional author charges, see Article Processing Charge (APC) section.

High School Student Submissions: Please use the journal's High School Student Portal ( www.jsr.org/hs ) to submit.

We accept Manuscript Submissions of the Following Types:

• Research Articles : Submissions of a manuscript that is your original research.
• Review Articles : Original review or analysis on a topic of your choice.
• Other Articles (Non-Peer Reviewed) : Manuscripts that are Research Project, Analysis, Short Essay, Opinion, or an update on Current Affairs. These submissions will not be refereed by our faculty reviewers but will be subject to review by the editorial board before publication.

Support Center

• If you have any questions or concerns, please email us:  technical @jsr.org
• Professionalism is extremely important to us. Please be courteous in all your communication with the JSR staff.
• First and Last Name
• Name of your affiliated Institution (High School, College, or University)
• Current Grade Level , or Educational status
• How or Where did you find out about the Journal
• Your Question or Concern

Table of Contents

Submission Requirements

Indexing & Metadata

Submissions Process

To create a new account, please click on Register and follow the instructions. Once Logged in using your username and password, the portal dashboard will open where you will see the Active Submissions queue. This page lists the submissions currently in the editorial process and has access to past submissions that have been made to the journal under the "Archives" Tab. The authors can submit a new article by clicking the appropriate link for " New Submission ".

The submission process for the Authors is broken down into five steps, with guidance provided at each step. Authors do not need to complete the five steps in one session but can return to what will be listed as on the submissions queue as " Incomplete ".

Authors must read and acknowledge that they have completed and are compliant with the requirements:

• Download the Submission Word Template (Dotx file) which will help you to get started: Template Link
• The manuscript text is single-spaced ; Page size 8.5" x 11" inches (Letter); 20 pages maximum , uses T imes New Roman Size 10-point black font text with 1-inch margins on all sides.
• Article Title : Font Bolded and Size 18
• Heading Level 1 : Font Bolded and Size 14
• Heading Level 2 :  Size 12
• Heading Level 3: Font italicized and Size 12
• Heading Level 4 : Text underlines and Size 10
• Article Title  can have a maximum length of 100 characters, including spaces.
• Manuscript Abstract can have a maximum length of 250 words .
• All illustrations, figures, graphs, charts, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points with their respective title and legend, rather than at the end of the manuscript. They must be all centered appropriately.
• All illustrations, figures, graphs, and charts should be inserted as image files in the word document (Only PNG and JPEG are acceptable) and must be individually uploaded as "Image File" during Step 2 of the submission along with the manuscript and other supplemental files. The title must be placed under the figure/graphs/charts.
• All image files uploaded must be named appropriately such as Fig1.png, Fig2.png, etc. Figures can only be labeled as whole numbers such as Fig 1, Fig 2, Fig 3, and NOT Fig 1a, Fig 1b, and so on.
• Multi-panel figures must be a single image file . Each panel must be labeled such as (1a), (1b), (1c), etc in the image; this figure must be labeled as Figure 1 and all individual panels described appropriately in the legend.
• Tables must be created in the word document. Do not insert and label an image as a table in the word document. All text color must be black, and the heading rows/columns must be shaded with light gray colors. The title must be placed over the Table.
• Equations must be created in the word document using the Insert Equation tool, and cannot be an inserted image file.
• Make use of the Bulleted and Numbered lists very minimally.
• We recommend the authors use the APA style guide for references, but you can use a discipline-specific reference style guide. References must be included at the end of the manuscript . Please leave one line spacing between each new reference and start on a new line .
• Where available, URLs or DOIs links for the references MUST be provided.
• The paper itself should only include the topic and the write up of the topic. All author/teacher/adviser names, email addresses, affiliations should be submitted in the Metadata (see below in the indexing and metadata section).
• Documentation of Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval or exemption, if required, was secured by the authors prior to submitting the manuscript and must be uploaded during Step 2 of the submission process.
• Supplemental files  such as a copy of the images, appendix, forms, surveys, etc. must be uploaded during Step 2 of the submission process.
• The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor). Despite the Plagiarism check that we do, if later there are any complaints of plagiarism with proof, the submission will immediately be removed.

Metadata Elements to include during submission

Title : Enter the topic of the paper (100 characters with spaces).

Abstract : Summary of your research/review from Intro to conclusion

List of Contributors : Main author’s name and email address and for each additional author click on add contributor and include their names and email addresses. Include your faculty/teacher/advisor name and email address here as well.

Categories : Select a grade classification of the first author (Freshman, Sophomore, Junior, Senior).

Discipline : What area of study the paper belongs to (psychology, mathematics, microbiology, chemistry, physics, etc.) Press Enter to separate each individual item in the text box.

Keywords : Keywords give your paper additional visibility when readers are searching for similar topics. If your topic is “AI in the high school classroom setting” Your keywords should say “artificial intelligence, high school, classroom setting” Press Enter to separate each individual item in the text box.

Supporting Agencies : Write the name of your University or College along with any other institution that had supported the authors in conducting their research/review. Press Enter to separate each individual item in the text box.

References or Bibliography : Please copy and insert all the citations for the manuscript in the text-box.

Advantages of indexing

Authors are encouraged to complete the indexing of their submission in Step 3 of the Submission process and will have the opportunity to review and revise the metadata as part of the editorial process. The metadata for this journal will be "harvested" by a number of research-dedicated search engines that create, in effect, a research index or guide. Work that is well indexed will be that much more easily found by those who need it and are more likely to cite it. While there are limits to the number of terms by which a work is indexed, Authors are encouraged to think about how their work is positioned and found by virtue of this detailed indexing.

The Author(s) will be contacted by the editors with their decision once the review process is completed.

Reviewers are selected by the Editorial Staff at the Journal of Student Research and the estimated time for the review process is 12-24 weeks. JSR follows the double-blinded closed reviewing policy where the identity of the author is not revealed to the reviewer and vice versa.

Following are the items that the referees evaluate as they review the manuscript:

• Are the main claims of the paper novel? If not, please specify papers that weaken the claims to the originality of this one.
• Do the results support the claims? If not, what other evidence is required, and will this additional information improve the paper?
• Does the paper offer enough details of its methodology that its experiments or its analyses could be reproduced?
• If the paper is considered unsuitable for publication in its present form, does the study itself show sufficient potential that the authors should be encouraged to resubmit a revised version?
• Is the manuscript clearly enough written so that it is understandable to non-specialists? If not, how could it be improved?
• Have the authors cited the previous literature appropriately?
• Referees rate the Significance, Originality, Quality, and Clarity of the manuscript.

Scholarly feedback upon reviewing the manuscript by the referees will be provided to the author. This feedback will not only help authors identify areas of improvement to their submission but help them better understand the process in order to be successful at publication.

Editor Decision

If a submission is accepted, it will then proceed to the Editing stage of the editorial process.

Resubmit for Review . If the Section Editor's decision is that the submission should be revised and then resubmitted for peer review, the Author should first indicate their willingness to undertake the revisions, using the Editor/Author Correspondence. Then, when the revisions have been completed, the Author uploads the version for the second round of reviews. The Section Editor will submit it to the same Reviewers or to one or more new Reviewers, and notify the Author when a decision has been reached in a similar manner to the initial review.

Article Processing Charge (APC)

Journal of Student Research utilizes an Open Access Model where all published articles are made freely available to anyone to read/download. We provide our authors and readers with high-quality services, such as editorial triaging of submissions, facilitating a collaborative faculty provided peer-review, plagiarism checks, quality assurance of articles, management of production services (i.e. copyediting, layout editing, and quality control checks), indexing, archiving, and long term preservation of published articles via professional preservation networks and the journal platform. To continue to provide these services the authors are required to pay the Article Processing Charge (APC).

The APC for Manuscripts is paid in Two Phases (additional service fee applicable):

• Pre-review APC: USD 50 for all students at submission.
• USD 250 for undergraduate and graduate Students.

ALL ARTICLE PROCESSING CHARGES AND JSR FEES ARE STRICTLY NON-REFUNDABLE

Additional Author Charge :

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Graduate Student Research Papers

Analysis of water consumption behavior in the European Union: are motivations relevant? , by Behzad Jeddi Balabaygloo (Academic year 2013/2014).

Graduate Education

Office of graduate and postdoctoral education, exploring one grad student’s trailblazing research journey.

Apr 22, 2024

This is part three of the feature on Mo Jarin. Jarin is a Ph.D. student in environmental engineering who expects to graduate in May 2025. See part one and part two .  

Go out and fail. That was what Mo Jarin set out to do as part of a seven-week boot camp she was awarded through the entrepreneurial-focused U.S. National Science Foundation’s Innovation Corps program (NSF I-Corps). 

Journey through Entrepreneurial Challenges

The NSF I-Corps program prepares participants to extend their focus beyond the university laboratory and translate it to the marketplace. Entrepreneurship is a non-traditional career path for researchers, but Jarin wanted to explore the transformation of invention to impact with her lab’s pioneering water disinfection technology. 

“It was the most challenging thing I have ever done,” said Jarin. “I have worked tremendously hard over the last several years, but that was still the most challenging experience I have had.” 

NSF I-Corps participants are supposed to work in teams of three, but amidst the backdrop of a global pandemic in 2021, Jarin navigated the program largely solo. This included conducting over 100 interviews with industry experts and potential consumers all over the country, with the goal of figuring out where her technology could have the most value and impact. 

Conducting these interviews alone made the program tremendously difficult, but a key aspect of this program is that participants must fail. 

“They want you to fail–they push you until you fail,” said Jarin. “In startups, the more failures you have, the closer you’re getting to success.” 

At one point throughout the process, Jarin realized that the market she was focusing on was not going to work out. 

“I needed to do a full pivot, and that was the real low,” said Jarin. “It was one of the lowest points of my doctoral degree dealing with failure over and over again in this program.”

Embracing Growth in the Face of Failure

Thinking back on that time, Jarin can see how much the program pushed her to grow. 

“The program itself drained me, but the takeaways lasted for years,” said Jarin. “I didn’t know them at the time, but I realized I am more open to failure, more open to pivoting, more open to feedback, criticism, ability to pitch, interview, speak with strangers, present– everything had been opened up so that my growth opportunity was tremendously larger.” 

This experience allowed Jarin to make the most out of her entrepreneurial and doctoral journey. She continues to demonstrate her willingness to take risks and face new challenges during her time at Tech.   

Jarin has gone on to win the CEE Entrepreneurial Impact Prize, CRIDC Innovation Competition, Georgia Research Alliance Phase I Grant, and NSF Partnerships for Innovation Award. She was also part of the inaugural Female Founders cohort at Tech, a CREATE-X initiative to “provide a space for female-led entrepreneurial teams to explore a first business model, engage with an all-female coaching team, interact with successful female entrepreneurs, and receive non-dilutive funding.”

Balancing Act: Jarin’s Struggles to Find Balance

Between the research and competitions and expos and mentorship, Jarin admits that she has not come to find balance in her doctoral program easily. 

“I don’t want to be one of those people that says, ‘I’ve got everything under control,’” said Jarin. “I think it’s best to be honest and say that we’re all struggling. I think as long as you have interest in what you’re doing, I think you can find a sense of well-being.” 

One of Jarin’s rules is that if an experiment fails twice in one day, she likes to leave the scene and come back the next day. 

“I’ve started getting in the habit of going to Buford Highway as my comfort place,” said Jarin. “I’m a big boba fan, so I like to try to go find good boba outside the city.”

The Next Chapter

Now in her fourth year at Tech, Jarin is keeping an open mind for her future. 

“I just got accepted as a Future Faculty Fellow in the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, so I’ll get the opportunity to work with different mentors and in coordination with the Tech to Teaching program,” said Jarin. 

Through Jarin’s experience teaching, she has discovered that she likes working with students. She sees herself pursuing an academic role around leadership, innovation, and entrepreneurship in the future. 

“I enjoy breaking all of the constructs that have been built before me,” said Jarin. “I want to break what a traditional Ph.D. looks like.” 

Stay tuned for Jarin’s final feature on boba recommendations around Atlanta.   

Sara Franc Communications Officer Office of Graduate and Postdoctoral Education

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Undergrad Research Lab Assistant

Categories: Student Summer Term

Department: Chemistry

• Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States
• Institutional Student
• Closing on: May 16 2024

Salary/Position Classification

• 12.50 Hourly, Non-Exempt (Eligible for overtime)
• 5-20 hours per week
• 100% Remote Work Availability: No
• Hybrid Work Availability: No

Purpose of Position

This is a part-time, non-benefited position. Only UND students are eligible to be hired in this position.

Duties & Responsibilities

• Research in chirality materials - (Essential)
• Assist with writing scientific papers & patents while getting hands-on experience in synthetic organic chemistry - (Essential)
• Students will be encouraged to present their research work whenever there is a good opportunity 

Required Competencies

• Students interested in writing scientific papers

Minimum Requirements

• A grade of B or higher in CHEM 342 (Organic Chemistry II)
• Students must complete the online safety training prior to starting research work
• Successful completion of a Criminal History Background Check

In compliance with federal law, all persons hired will be required to verify identity and eligibility to work in the US and to complete the required employment eligibility verification form upon hire.  This position does not support visa sponsorship for continued employment.

For full consideration, applications must be received by the closing date and include the following materials: • Resume • • Please include in the application if you are currently or have in the past 12 months been employed with the University of North Dakota, the North Dakota University System or any other North Dakota State agency. If so, include which agency/department, as well as how many hours you work a week.

For full consideration, all application materials must be fully submitted by 11:55PM CST on the closing date. Student job openings are posted for a minimum of 3 business days.

Want to be notified of similar opportunities?

Thank you for your interest in applying to the University of North Dakota

Other UND Career Openings

Research assistant-dr. mahmood, graduate service assistant, food service assistant, additional information.

Find out why Grand Forks is Cooler .

All information listed in this position announcement will be used by Human Resources, the Hiring Department, and EO/Title IX for screening, interviewing and selection purposes.

Please email the Human Resources Department at  [email protected] or contact us by phone at 701-777-4226. If you anticipate needing any type of accommodation to participate in any portion of the University's employment process, including completion of the online application process, please contact our office in advance of your participation or visit. 

Veteran’s Preference

Veterans claiming preference must submit all proof of eligibility by the closing date. Proof of eligibility includes a copy of NGB 22 from National Guard or Reserve (with a unit located in ND) or certification from the applicant's unit command that the individual is expected to be discharged or released from active duty in the uniformed services under other than dishonorable conditions not later than one hundred twenty days after the date of the submission of the certification. If claiming disabled status, proof of eligibility includes a DD-214 and a current letter of disability. 

Confidentiality of Application Materials

Pursuant to NDCC 44-04-18.27, applications and any records related to the applications that identify an applicant are confidential, except records related to the finalists of the position, which are open to the public after the search committee has identified the top three or more finalists who will be invited to campus.

EEO Statement

The University of North Dakota is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability or other protected characteristic. Women, minorities, veterans, individuals with disabilities, and members of other underrepresented groups are especially encouraged to apply. Applicants are invited to provide information regarding their gender, race and/or ethnicity, veteran’s status and disability status as part of the application process. This information will remain confidential and separate from your application.

Clery Statement

In compliance with the Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act, the University of North Dakota publishes an Annual Security and Fire Safety Report. The report includes the university’s policies, procedures, and programs concerning safety and security, as well as three years of crime statistics for our campus. As a prospective employee, you are entitled to a copy of this report. The report and statistical data can be found online at UND.edu. You may also request a paper copy of the report from the UND Police Department located at 3851 Campus Road, Grand Forks, ND, 58202.

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