tx power level assignment algorithm

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Configuring TPC

17 Sunday Mar 2013

Posted by nayarasi in RRM

≈ 4 Comments

Controllers use the TPC (Tx Power Control) algorithm to determine whether the power of an AP needs to be adjusted down. Reducing the power of an AP helps mitigate co-channel interference with another AP on same channel in close proximity.

The TPC algorithm run in every 10 min (600s). Like DCA, the RF group leader runs TPC on per-radio, per AP basis. The more APs hear each other at -70dBm or greater, the better the TPC algorithm functions. Minimum requirement for TPC is that a single AP needs to be heard by at least 3 other APs at -70dBm or greater. Therefore you must have at least 4 APs total.

TPC use following criteria to determine if a power level change is necessary.

Step 1 . Are thre neighbors at -70 dBm or greater ? Step 2 . If step 1 satisfied, determine the transmit power using following equation.

Tx_Max for given AP + (Tx Power Control threshold – RSSI of third highest neighbor)

Step 3 . If the value from step 2 with current Tx power level ? Verify whether it exceeds the TPC hysteresis.

If the value is 6 dB or greater, the controller lower the power of the AP by one power level.

If the value is 3 dB , the AP increases its power. A power increase is almost always the result of not having 3rd neighbor.

Here is the TPC configuration page (Wireless -> 802.11a/n or 802.11b/g/n -> RRM ->TPC).

Like DCA, we can select power assignment method for either TPC “Automatic”, “On Demand” or “Fixed” options. Default is “Automatic”.

Min & Max power level you can set. Value range is -10dBm to 30 dBm & default min is -10 & default max is 30.

Power Threshold is the cutoff signal level used by RRM to determine whether to reduce the power of an AP. Default threshold is -70dBm. Range is from -50 to -80. Increase this value (ie between -70 -50) causes the AP to operate at higher transmit power rates.Decreasing the value has opposite effect.

TPC page also shows few non-configurable parameter settings.

1 Power Neighbor Count : The minimum number of neighbors an AP must have for TPC algorithm to run. 2.Power Assignment Leader: The IP Address of RF group leader, who is responsible for power level assignment. 3.Last Power Level Assignmnet: The last time RRM evaluated current TPC assignment.

You can view the same information via CLI by “ show advanced {802.11a|802.11b}  txpower ” command. Show below is for output of that command. Configurable settings are highlighted.

For example if you want to change TPC threshod to -75dBm via CLI you can use ” config advanced 802.11a tx-power-control-thresh -75 ”

In certain deployments where you have power-save clients you sometime needs to defer RRM’s normal off-channel scanning to avoid missing critical information from low volume clients ( eg medical devices that use power-save mode & send periodically telemetry info). You can configure off-channel scanning defer for a WLAN under advanced settings.

By default scan differ priority selected as “4,5,6” which means a AP has a packet UP value of 4 , 5 or 6 in its queue (to send to wireless client) it will defer the off-channel scanning by 100ms. You can change these setting via CLI as well.

When configuring this remember following UP values marking for downstream traffic

Bronze marks all downstream traffic to UP= 1 Silver marks all downstream traffic to UP= 0 Gold marks all downstream traffic to UP= 4 Platinum marks all downstream traffic to UP= 6

Related Posts

1. RRM Basics 2. Configuring RRM 3. Configuring DCA 4. Configuring CHD 5. Configuring ClientLink 6. Override RRM 7. 8. Rogue Access Point Detection

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4 thoughts on “configuring tpc”.

January 12, 2016 at 4:29 pm

Hi Tx_Max for given AP =Max Transmit Power ? How to get RSSI of third highest neighbor from wlc? Thanks

August 23, 2017 at 6:32 pm

what about warehouse deployments when antennas are LOS high in the ceiling but floor is full of racking.

August 29, 2017 at 2:44 pm

No experience in specific deployments in warehouse environment. I would check with someone who did such deployment

November 14, 2018 at 12:12 am

Hi Rasika! Thanks a lot for your blog!

I wonder, how does TPC handles disabled data rates in RF profile, when it works on Neighbor messages which are always on 1Mb/s and maximum power. It is denoted in RRM Whitepaper that:

“For 802.11b this means that the message is sent at power level 1 (always the highest power for a particular radio) at 1 Mbps, and for 5 GHz radio’s 6 Mbps. This function is hard coded into the radio firmware, there is no user control. NDP power and modulation is not changed by user configured data rates or power levels.”

If we disable some lowest data rates(e.g. 12Mb/s is first mandatory rate, lower DR’s disabled, all upper rates are supported), we significantly reduce AP’s cell boundary. Will TPC increase transmit power then, comparing to lowest data rates enabled? Shall we increase TPC thresholds manually this case?

Thanks! Artem

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• Cisco ISE (Identity Services Engine)
• ENCOR (350-401)
• ENWLSD (300-425)
• Overview of Wireless Site Surveys
• Performing Walk-through Surveys
• Performing Layer 1 Site Surveys
• Overview of Predictive Site Surveys
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Transmit Power Control (TPC)

One of the functions that makes up the RRM operations is Transmit Power Control (TPC) . In this lesson, we’ll be taking a closer look at the TPC algorithm and how it works.

2.0 Wired and Wireless Infrastructure   2.3 Design radio management

APs can broadcast and operate using a number of different power levels. The higher the power is set on our APs, the bigger our coverage cell. Due to this, the transmit power configured on APs needs to be managed to reduce co-channel interference. Can you imagine having to manage the power on each AP manually? Even then, having to find the right transmit power for your environment? It would be a nightmare… Thankfully, TPC (Transmit Power Control)  can manage this for us automatically. 

TPC is an algorithm that runs on our wireless controller  every 10 minutes by default. The main aim is to set an APs transmit power to its optimal value. This value will provide the best performance to clients whilst avoiding interference with other APs. As the AP will most likely have an antenna on the 2.4GHz and 5Ghz bands, TPC will run independently. There will be one transmit power set for the 2.4GHz radio and another for the 5GHz radio.

As the wireless controller has no idea how our wireless network is setup, NDP (Neighbour Discovery Protocol) is used to build the topology. Using the NDP frames, our WLC will  The WLC looks for APs that can hear each other at -70dBm or greater . In addition for this, in order for the TPC algorithm to operate, the AP must be able to hear an additional 3 APs.

We might have scenarios where we have a number of wireless controllers within our deployment. If this is the case, the controller allocated as RF group leader will run the TPC algorithm.

Now that you understand how TPC operates, let’s take a look at how the algorithm works. Our wireless controller will use the following criteria to determine if a TPC change is required:

1. Can the AP detect three other APs at -70dBm? 2. Use the following formula to determine the transmit power: Tx_Max + (Tx Power Control threshold – RSSI of 3rd highest neighbour)

In order to minimise potential disruption, RRM will only make gradual changes to the transmit power. As such, RRM will only increase or decrease the power by 3dB (half or double the transmit power).

Configuration

In most cases, TPC doesn’t require any configuration to work. There might however be situations where the TPC algorithm needs to be tweaked.

TPC configuration can applied using either of the following options:

• RF Profiles.

It’s worth noting that some TPC parameters can only be configured globally. This includes;

• TPC Version.
• How TPC runs.

Global Configuration:

Remember that the TPC algorithm runs independently on each 802.11 band. As such, we have a global TPC configuration for the 2.4GHz band (802.11b/g/n/ax) and one for the 5GHz band (802.11a/n/ac/ax) . The 2.4GHz global configuration can be configured by navigating to: WIRELESS > 802.11b/g/n/ax > RRM > TPC The 5GHz global configuration on the other hand can be configured by navigating to: WIRELESS > 802.11a/n/ac/ax > RRM > TPC

There are a number of configurable options available to TPC global configuration. This includes:

• TPC run method.
• Maximum power level assignment.
• Minimum power level assignment.
• Power threshold.

TPC Version:

There are two methods of TPC available:

• TPCv1 (Coverage Optimal Mode).
• TPCv2 (Interference Optimal Mode).

Unless you have a specific reason otherwise, it’s recommended to use the default TPCv1 – Coverage Optimal Mode .

TPC Run Method:

TPC can run using one of the following methods:

Minimum / Maximum Power Level Assignment:

These thresholds can be used to set the minimum or maximum amount of power that APs can use within the environment.

Power Threshold:

Finally, this is the cutoff used by RRM to determine whether it should reduce an APs power. An increase of the power threshold will cause the AP to operate at higher transmit power rates. A decrease of the threshold on the other hand will cause the AP to operate at lower transmit power rates.

RF Profile:

Alternately, we can control TPC parameters using RF profiles. Our RF profile can then be applied to AP groups to control TPC on specific APs. In our example, I’ve created an RF profile called MN_RF-Profile-2.4GHz .

The TPC parameters can be configured under the RRM tab of our RF profile. We can then amend the following configuration parameters:

• Maximum Power Level Assignment.
• Minimum Power Level Assignment.
• Power Threshold v1.
• Power Threshold v2.

Enabling 802.11 a/n/ac and 802.11 b/g/n

802.11 a/n/ac and 802.11 b/g/n helps reduce the power of a radio transmitter to the minimum necessary to maintain the link with a certain quality.

Global Parameters Settings

• Click Wireless to access the All APs page.

802.11a Global Parameters or 802.11b Global Parameters page appears.

• Disable lower data rates for maximum reliability. You must enable one Mandatory higher data rate. Data rates are selected based on sites.
• Perform a voice quality site survey to ensure proper network coverage before installing Vocera.
• Click Apply . Your changes are committed.

Tx Power Control Settings

• Navigate to 802.11 a/n/ac or 802.11 b/g/n > RRM > TPC .

Power Level Assignment —Automatic.

Power Threshold (-80 to -50 dBm) — -70dB.

Power changes are only made when an AP's third loudest neighbor is heard at a signal level higher than the default value of -70 dBm.

• Click Save Configuration . Your changes are saved.

Configuring Coverage

To configure coverage using 802.11 a/n/ac or 802.11 b/g/n, perform the following task:

Voice RSSI (-60 to -90 dBm) — -70 .

Min Failed Client Count per AP — 12 .

• Click Apply Commits your changes.
• Click Save Configuration Saves your changes. Note: Wait for at least 60 minutes after enabling dynamic power level assignment to allow the WLAN to stabilize. Each WLAN has its unique characteristics, based on the structural features of the facility, density of APs, activity levels, and many other factors. Therefore, achieving optimal coverage is an iterative process. The goal of this iterative configuration process is to have the APs transmit power set to level 3 under normal conditions.
• Verify AP transmit power levels and coverage.

Power Assignment in Radio Networks with Two Power Levels

• Published: 24 January 2007
• Volume 47 , pages 183–201, ( 2007 )

Cite this article

• Paz Carmi 1 &
• Matthew J. Katz 1  

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We study the power-assignment problem in radio networks, where each radio station can transmit in one of two possible power levels, corresponding to two ranges—short and long. We show that this problem is NP-hard, and we present an O(n 2 )-time assignment algorithm such that the number of transmitters that are assigned long range by the algorithm is at most (11/6) times the number of transmitters that are assigned long range by an optimal algorithm. We also present a (9/5)-approximation algorithm for this problem whose running time is considerably higher.

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Department of Computer Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel

Paz Carmi & Matthew J. Katz

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Correspondence to Paz Carmi or Matthew J. Katz .

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Carmi, P., Katz, M. Power Assignment in Radio Networks with Two Power Levels. Algorithmica 47 , 183–201 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-006-1230-1

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Received : 22 December 2004

Published : 24 January 2007

Issue Date : February 2007

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-006-1230-1

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Wait, but Wi-Fi?

Transmit Power Control Considerations

Proper configuration of Transmit Power Control (TPC) settings can help to ensure that your Access Point (AP) does not speak too loudly. If your AP is transmitting at 18dBm and an associated client station (STA) is at the cell edge and only capable of transmitting at 15dBm, your client will be able to hear the AP transmission, but the AP won’t be able to hear the client which leads to retransmissions and thus reduced performance.

Wireless network design is ultimately dependent upon the clients it is to support, so we will want to have an idea of what our intended clients are capable of. As an example, one of my customer’s clients is an HP EliteBook 8470p laptop workstation which has a Broadcom BCM943228HM4L Wi-Fi adapter. According to the product specification web page for this particular model, I was able to find that it is capable of transmitting at around 15dBm. If this is my customer’s least capable device, I would not want my AP to transmit louder than 15dBm either.

My customer is using a Cisco 3504 Wireless Controller running AireOS version 8.8. I am able to globally configure the Maximum Power Level Assignment to 15dBm.

If the same controller were managing multiple locations with different requirements, I can also set a Maximum Power Level Assignment for different RF Profiles.

Though the maximum power level is configured in dBm, Cisco uses a series of numbers to represent levels of power. Phil Morgan of NC-Expert wrote an article titled WLC and AP Power settings in which he discusses Cisco power levels in further detail. In his article, he discusses how we can determine what the power levels represent as they vary by AP model, band (2.4 vs 5GHz), and even channel groupings (i.e. U-NII 1, 2, 2e, 3).

I also stumbled upon an excellent post by Maxim Risman in the Cisco Community titled Cisco Access point 2802i Tx Power Chart where he demonstrates the use of another very helpful command which summarizes the power levels of all APs: show advanced 802.11a txpower

Note that the range for the power levels actually does not change, but rather TPC is limiting the highest level that can be used.

The current power level setting can also be found in the web GUI by navigating to Wireless > Access Points > Radios. There, you can see the power level for all of your APs in a column, or you can dive in to the configuration of a radio.

When performing predictive site surveys with Ekahau Pro site survey software, we have the ability to adjust the transmit power with which to generate our expected heat maps.

We can get an idea of how this difference may affect our design in the real world.

If you are interested in getting deeper into Cisco’s TPC implementation, you may want to check out a whitepaper they have published titled Transmit Power Control (TPC) Algorithm .

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Cisco Catalyst 9800 Series Wireless Controller Software Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Cupertino 17.7.x

Bias-free language.

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• Overview of the Controller
• New Configuration Model
• Wireless Management Interface
• BIOS Protection
• Smart Licensing Using Policy
• Boot Integrity Visibility
• Management over Wireless
• SUDI99 Certificate Support
• Link Aggregation Group
• Best Practices
• Upgrading the Cisco Catalyst 9800 Wireless Controller Software
• In-Service Software Upgrade
• Software Maintenance Upgrade
• Efficient Image Upgrade
• Predownloading an Image to an Access Point
• N+1 Hitless Rolling AP Upgrade
• NBAR Dynamic Protocol Pack Upgrade
• Wireless Sub-Package for Switch
• Country Codes
• Regulatory Compliance (Rest of the World) for Domain Reduction
• Sniffer Mode
• Monitor Mode
• AP Priority
• FlexConnect
• OEAP Link Test
• Cisco OEAP Split Tunneling
• AP Crash File Upload
• Access Point Plug-n-Play
• 802.11 Parameters for Cisco Access Points
• 802.1x Support
• CAPWAP Link Aggregation Support
• DHCP and NAT Functionality on Root Access Point
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• AP Audit Configuration
• AP Support Bundle
• Cisco Flexible Antenna Port
• LED States for Access Points
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Radio Resource Management

• Coverage Hole Detection
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• Enabling USB Port on Access Points
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• Neighbor Discovery Protocol Mode on Access Points
• 6-GHz Band Operations
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• Multicast Domain Name System

Chapter: Radio Resource Management

Radio resource monitoring, rf group leader, rf group name, rogue access point detection in rf groups, secure rf groups, transmit power control, overriding the tpc algorithm with minimum and maximum transmit power settings, dynamic bandwidth selection, coverage hole detection and correction, cisco ai enhanced rrm, restrictions for radio resource management, configuring neighbor discovery type (gui), configuring neighbor discovery type (cli), configuring rf group selection mode (gui), configuring rf group selection mode (cli), configuring an rf group name (cli), configuring a secure rf group (cli), configuring members in an 802.11 static rf group (gui), configuring members in an 802.11 static rf group (cli), configuring transmit power (gui), configuring the tx-power control threshold (cli), configuring the tx-power level (cli), configuring advanced 802.11 channel assignment parameters (gui), configuring advanced 802.11 channel assignment parameters (cli), configuring 802.11 coverage hole detection (gui), configuring 802.11 coverage hole detection (cli), configuring 802.11 event logging (cli), configuring 802.11 statistics monitoring (gui), configuring 802.11 statistics monitoring (cli), configuring the 802.11 performance profile (gui), configuring the 802.11 performance profile (cli), enabling channel assignment (gui), enabling channel assignment (cli), restarting dca operation, updating power assignment parameters (gui), updating power assignment parameters (cli), configuring rogue access point detection in rf groups (cli), monitoring rrm parameters, verifying rf group status (cli), examples: rf group configuration, configuring ed-rrm on the cisco wireless controller (cli), information about radio resource management.

The Radio Resource Management (RRM) software that is embedded in the device acts as a built-in Radio Frequency (RF) engineer to consistently provide real-time RF management of your wireless network. RRM enables devices to continually monitor their associated lightweight access points for the following information:

Traffic load—The total bandwidth used for transmitting and receiving traffic. It enables wireless LAN managers to track and plan network growth ahead of client demand.

Interference—The amount of traffic coming from other 802.11 sources.

Noise—The amount of non-802.11 traffic that is interfering with the currently assigned channel.

Coverage—The Received Signal Strength (RSSI) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for all connected clients.

Other —The number of nearby access points.

RRM performs these functions:

Radio resource monitoring

Power control transmission

Dynamic channel assignment

Coverage hole detection and correction

RF grouping

RRM automatically detects and configures new devices and lightweight access points as they are added to the network. It then automatically adjusts the associated and nearby lightweight access points to optimize coverage and capacity.

Lightweight access points can scan all the valid channels for the country of operation as well as for channels available in other locations. The access points in local mode go offchannel for a period not greater than 70 ms to monitor these channels for noise and interference. Packets collected during this time are analyzed to detect rogue access points, rogue clients, ad-hoc clients, and interfering access points.

Each access point spends only 0.2 percent of its time off channel. This activity is distributed across all the access points so that adjacent access points are not scanning at the same time, which could adversely affect wireless LAN performance.

Information About RF Groups

An RF group is a logical collection of controllers that coordinate to perform RRM in a globally optimized manner to perform network calculations on a per-radio basis. Separate RF groups exist for 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz networks. Clustering Cisco Catalyst 9800 Series Wireless Controller into a single RF group enables the RRM algorithms to scale beyond the capabilities of a single Cisco Catalyst 9800 Series Wireless Controller .

An RF group is created based on the following parameters:

User-configured RF network name.

Neighbor discovery performed at the radio level.

Country list configured on the controller.

RF grouping runs between controllers .

Lightweight access points periodically send out neighbor messages over the air. Access points using the same RF group name validate messages from each other.

When access points on different controllers hear validated neighbor messages at a signal strength of –80 dBm or stronger, the controllers dynamically form an RF neighborhood in auto mode. In static mode, the leader is manually selected and the members are added to the RF Group.

RF Group Leader can be configured in two ways as follows:

Auto Mode: In this mode, the members of an RF group elect an RF group leader to maintain a primary power and channel scheme for the group. The RF grouping algorithm dynamically chooses the RF group leader and ensures that an RF group leader is always present. Group leader assignments can and do change (for instance, if the current RF group leader becomes inoperable or RF group members experience major changes).

Static Mode: In this mode, a user selects a controller as an RF group leader manually. In this mode, the leader and the members are manually configured and fixed. If the members are unable to join the RF group, the reason is indicated. The leader tries to establish a connection with a member every minute if the member has not joined in the previous attempt.

The RF group leader analyzes real-time radio data collected by the system, calculates the power and channel assignments, and sends them to each of the controllers in the RF group. The RRM algorithms ensure system-wide stability, and restrain channel and power scheme changes to the appropriate local RF neighborhoods.

If Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA) needs to use the worst-performing radio as the single criterion for adopting a new channel plan, it can result in pinning or cascading problems.

The main cause of both pinning and cascading is that any potential channel plan changes are controlled by the RF circumstances of the worst-performing radio. The DCA algorithm does not do this; instead, it does the following:

Multiple local searches: The DCA search algorithm performs multiple local searches initiated by different radios in the same DCA run rather than performing a single global search that is driven by a single radio. This change addresses both pinning and cascading, while maintaining the desired flexibility and adaptability of DCA and without jeopardizing stability.

Multiple Channel Plan Change Initiators (CPCIs): Previously, the single worst radio was the sole initiator of a channel plan change. Now each radio in an RF group is evaluated and prioritized as a potential initiator. Intelligent randomization of the resulting list ensures that every radio is eventually evaluated, which eliminates the potential for pinning.

Limiting the propagation of channel plan changes (Localization): For each CPCI radio, the DCA algorithm performs a local search for a better channel plan, but only the CPCI radio itself and its one-hop neighboring access points are actually allowed to change their current transmit channels. The impact of an access point triggering a channel plan change is felt only to within two RF hops from that access point, and the actual channel plan changes are confined to within a one-hop RF neighborhood. Because this limitation applies across all CPCI radios, cascading cannot occur.

Non-RSSI-based cumulative cost metric: A cumulative cost metric measures how well an entire region, neighborhood, or network performs with respect to a given channel plan. The individual cost metrics of all the access points in that area are considered in order to provide an overall understanding of the channel plan’s quality. These metrics ensure that the improvement or deterioration of each single radio is factored into any channel plan change. The objective is to prevent channel plan changes in which a single radio improves, but at the expense of multiple other radios experiencing a considerable performance decline.

The RRM algorithms run at a specified updated interval, which is 600 seconds by default. Between update intervals, the RF group leader sends keepalive messages to each of the RF group members and collects real-time RF data.

RF Grouping Failure Reason Codes

RF Grouping failure reason codes and their explanations are listed below:

Additional Reference

Radio Resource Management White Paper : https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/controller/technotes/8-3/b_RRM_White_Paper/b_RRM_White_Paper_chapter_011.html

A controller is configured in an RF group name, which is sent to all the access points joined to the controller and used by the access points as the shared secret for generating the hashed MIC in the neighbor messages. To create an RF group, you configure all of the controllers to be included in the group with the same RF group name.

If there is any possibility that an access point joined to a controller might hear RF transmissions from an access point on a different controller , you should configure the controller with the same RF group name. If RF transmissions between access points can be heard, then system-wide RRM is recommended to avoid 802.11 interference and contention as much as possible.

After you have created an RF group of controller , you need to configure the access points connected to the controller to detect rogue access points. The access points will then select the beacon or probe-response frames in neighboring access point messages to see if they contain an authentication information element (IE) that matches that of the RF group. If the selection is successful, the frames are authenticated. Otherwise, the authorized access point reports the neighboring access point as a rogue, records its BSSID in a rogue table, and sends the table to the controller .

Secure RF groups enable to encrypt and secure RF grouping and RRM message exchanges over DTLS tunnel. During the DTLS handshake controllers authenticate each other with wireless management trust-point certificate.

The device dynamically controls access point transmit power based on the real-time wireless LAN conditions.

The Transmit Power Control (TPC) algorithm increases and decreases an access point’s power in response to changes in the RF environment. In most instances, TPC seeks to lower an access point's power to reduce interference, but in the case of a sudden change in the RF coverage, for example, if an access point fails or becomes disabled, TPC can also increase power on the surrounding access points. This feature is different from coverage hole detection, which is primarily concerned with clients. TPC provides enough RF power to achieve the required coverage levels while avoiding channel interference between access points. We recommend that you select TPCv1; TPCv2 option is deprecated. With TPCv1, you can select the channel aware mode; we recommend that you select this option for 5 GHz, and leave it unchecked for 2.4 GHz.

The TPC algorithm balances RF power in many diverse RF environments. However, it is possible that automatic power control will not be able to resolve some scenarios in which an adequate RF design was not possible to implement due to architectural restrictions or site restrictions, for example, when all the access points must be mounted in a central hallway, placing the access points close together, but requiring coverage to the edge of the building.

In these scenarios, you can configure maximum and minimum transmit power limits to override TPC recommendations. The maximum and minimum TPC power settings apply to all the access points through RF profiles in a RF network.

To set the Maximum Power Level Assignment and Minimum Power Level Assignment, enter the maximum and minimum transmit power used by RRM in the fields in the Tx Power Control window. The range for these parameters is -10 to 30 dBm. The minimum value cannot be greater than the maximum value; the maximum value cannot be less than the minimum value.

If you configure a maximum transmit power, RRM does not allow any access point attached to the controller, to exceed this transmit power level (whether the power is set by RRM TPC or by coverage hole detection). For example, if you configure a maximum transmit power of 11 dBm, no access point will transmit above 11 dBm, unless the access point is configured manually.

Cisco APs support power level changes in 3 dB granularity. TPC Min and Max power settings allow for values in 1 dB increments. The resulting power level will be rounded to the nearest value supported in the allowed powers entry for the AP model and the current serving channel.

Each AP model has its own set of power levels localized for its regulatory country and region. Moreover, the power levels for the same AP model will vary based on the band and channel it is set to. For more information on Allowed Power Level vs. Actual power(in dBm), use the show ap name <name> config slot <0|1|2|3> command to view the specific number of power levels, the range of power levels allowed, and the current power level setting on the AP.

Dynamic Channel Assignment

Two adjacent access points on the same channel can cause either signal contention or signal collision. In a collision, data is not received by the access point. This functionality can become a problem, for example, when someone reading an e-mail in a café affects the performance of the access point in a neighboring business. Even though these are separate networks, someone sending traffic to the café on channel 1 can disrupt communication in an enterprise using the same channel. Devices can dynamically allocate access point channel assignments to avoid conflict and increase capacity and performance. Channels are reused to avoid wasting scarce RF resources. In other words, channel 1 is allocated to a different access point far from the café, which is more effective than not using channel 1 altogether.

The device ’s Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA) capabilities are also useful in minimizing adjacent channel interference between access points. For example, two overlapping channels in the 802.11b/g band, such as 1 and 2, cannot simultaneously use 11 or 54 Mbps. By effectively reassigning channels, the device keeps adjacent channels that are separated.

The device examines a variety of real-time RF characteristics to efficiently handle channel assignments as follows:

Access point received energy: The received signal strength measured between each access point and its nearby neighboring access points. Channels are optimized for the highest network capacity.

Noise: Noise can limit signal quality at the client and access point. An increase in noise reduces the effective cell size and degrades user experience. By optimizing channels to avoid noise sources, the device can optimize coverage while maintaining system capacity. If a channel is unusable due to excessive noise, that channel can be avoided.

802.11 interference: Interference is any 802.11 traffic that is not a part of your wireless LAN, including rogue access points and neighboring wireless networks. Lightweight access points constantly scan all the channels looking for sources of interference. If the amount of 802.11 interference exceeds a predefined configurable threshold (the default is 10 percent), the access point sends an alert to the device . Using the RRM algorithms, the device may then dynamically rearrange channel assignments to increase system performance in the presence of the interference. Such an adjustment could result in adjacent lightweight access points being on the same channel, but this setup is preferable to having the access points remain on a channel that is unusable due to an interfering foreign access point.

In addition, if other wireless networks are present, the device shifts the usage of channels to complement the other networks. For example, if one network is on channel 6, an adjacent wireless LAN is assigned to channel 1 or 11. This arrangement increases the capacity of the network by limiting the sharing of frequencies. If a channel has virtually no capacity remaining, the device may choose to avoid this channel. In huge deployments in which all nonoverlapping channels are occupied, the device does its best, but you must consider RF density when setting expectations.

Load and utilization: When utilization monitoring is enabled, capacity calculations can consider that some access points are deployed in ways that carry more traffic than other access points, for example, a lobby versus an engineering area. The device can then assign channels to improve the access point that has performed the worst. The load is taken into account when changing the channel structure to minimize the impact on the clients that are currently in the wireless LAN. This metric keeps track of every access point’s transmitted and received packet counts to determine how busy the access points are. New clients avoid an overloaded access point and associate to a new access point. This Load and utilization parameter is disabled by default.

The device combines this RF characteristic information with RRM algorithms to make system-wide decisions. Conflicting demands are resolved using soft-decision metrics that guarantee the best choice for minimizing network interference. The end result is optimal channel configuration in a three-dimensional space, where access points on the floor above and below play a major factor in an overall wireless LAN configuration.

The RRM startup mode is invoked in the following conditions:

In a single- device environment, the RRM startup mode is invoked after the device is upgraded and rebooted.

In a multiple- device environment, the RRM startup mode is invoked after an RF Group leader is elected.

You can trigger the RRM startup mode from the CLI.

The RRM startup mode runs for 100 minutes (10 iterations at 10-minute intervals). The duration of the RRM startup mode is independent of the DCA interval, sensitivity, and network size. The startup mode consists of 10 DCA runs with high sensitivity (making channel changes easy and sensitive to the environment) to converge to a steady-state channel plan. After the startup mode is finished, DCA continues to run at the specified interval and sensitivity.

While upgrading from 11n to 11ac, the Dynamic Bandwidth Selection (DBS) algorithm provides a smooth transition for various configurations.

The following pointers describe the functionalities of DBS:

It applies an additional layer of bias on top of those applied to the core DCA, for channel assignment in order to maximize the network throughput by dynamically varying the channel width.

It fine tunes the channel allocations by constantly monitoring the channel and Base Station Subsystem (BSS) statistics.

It evaluates the transient parameters, such as 11n or 11ac client mix, load, and traffic flow types.

It reacts to the fast-changing statistics by varying the BSS channel width or adapting to the unique and new channel orientations through 11ac for selection between 40 MHz and 80 MHz bandwidths.

The RRM coverage hole detection algorithm can detect areas of radio coverage in a wireless LAN that are below the level needed for robust radio performance. This feature can alert you to the need for an additional (or relocated) lightweight access point.

If clients on a lightweight access point are detected at threshold levels (RSSI, failed client count, percentage of failed packets, and number of failed packets) lower than those specified in the RRM configuration, the access point sends a “coverage hole” alert to the device . The alert indicates the existence of an area where clients are continually experiencing poor signal coverage, without having a viable access point to which to roam. The device discriminates between coverage holes that can and cannot be corrected. For coverage holes that can be corrected, the device mitigates the coverage hole by increasing the transmit power level for that specific access point. The device does not mitigate coverage holes caused by clients that are unable to increase their transmit power or are statically set to a power level because increasing their downstream transmit power might increase interference in the network.

The AI Enhanced RRM is the next evolution of Cisco's award winning Radio Resource Management (RRM).

The RRM runs as a service in a Cisco Catalyst 9800 Series Wireless Controller. The Cisco RRM manages the RF Group (the components making up the RF Network) based on dynamic measurements between every AP and its neighbors stored in a local database for the entire RF Group. At runtime, the RRM draws the last 10 minutes of the collected data, and gently optimizes based on the current network conditions.

The AI Enhanced RRM integrates the power of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to the reliable and trusted Cisco RRM product family algorithms in the Cloud.

Cisco AI Enhanced RRM operates as a distributed RRM service. RF telemetry is collected from the Cisco Access Points by the controller, and passed through the Catalyst Center to the Cisco AI Analytics Cloud where the data is stored. The RRM Algorithms run against this telemetry data stored in the cloud. AI analyzes the solutions, and passes any configuration change information back to the Catalyst Center . The Catalyst Center maintains the control connection with the enrolled controller and passes any individual AP configuration changes back to the APs.

The following RRM algorithms run in the cloud while the remaining work in the controller:

If the location of controller, and APs are provisioned previously, assigning a location enrolls the AI Enhanced RRM Services and the profile to be pushed to the controller. Thus, AI Enhanced RRM becomes the RF Group Leader for the subscribed controller.

For more information on the Cisco Catalyst Center , see Cisco Catalyst Center User Guide .

The number of APs in a RF-group is limited to 3000 .

If an AP tries to join the RF-group that already holds the maximum number of APs it can support, the device rejects the application and throws an error.

Disabling all data rates for default rf-profile or custom rf-profile, impacts ISSU upgrade and client join process after the software upgrade (ISSU or non-ISSU). To prevent this, you must enable at least one data rate (for example, ap dot11 24 rate RATE_5_5M enable ) on the default rf-profile or custom rf-profile. We recommend that you enable the lowest data rate if efficiency is of prime concern.

Keywords such as secure cannot be used a RF group name.

How to Configure RRM

Configuring RF Groups

This section describes how to configure RF groups through either the GUI or the CLI.

Step 5

Save the configuration.

	Command or Action	Purpose
	configure terminal
	wireless rf-network (config)#	Step 3 Returns to privileged EXEC mode. Alternatively, you can also press Ctrl-Z to exit global configuration mode.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal wireless rf-network secure end show ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} group Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > RRM. On the RRM page, click either the 6 GHz Band, 5 GHz Band or 2.4 GHz Band tab. Click the RF Grouping tab. Choose the appropriate Group Mode from the following options: : Members of an RF group elect an RF group leader to maintain a primary power and channel scheme for the group. The RF grouping algorithm dynamically chooses the RF group leader and ensures that an RF group leader is always present. Group leader assignments can and do change (for instance, if the current RF group leader becomes inoperable or if RF group members experience major changes). : A device as an RF group leader, manually. In this mode, the leader and the members are manually configured and are therefore fixed. If the members are unable to join the RF group, the reason is indicated. The members’ management IP addresses and system name are used to request the member to join the leader. The leader tries to establish a connection with a member every 1 minute if the member has not joined in the previous attempt. : No RF group is configured. Under Group Members section, click Add. In the Add Static Member window that is displayed, enter the controller name and the IPv4 or IPv6 address of the controller. Click Save & Apply to Device.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm group-member (config)# end to exit global configuration mode. Configuring Transmit Power Control Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > RRM. On the 6 GHz Band, 5 GHz Band, or 2.4 GHz Band tab, click the TPC tab. Choose of the following dynamic transmit power assignment modes: (default): The transmit power is periodically updated for all APs that permit this operation. : The transmit power is updated on demand. If you choose this option, you get to view the Invoke Power Update Once. Click Invoke Power Update Once to apply the RRM data successfully. : No dynamic transmit power assignments occur and values are set to their global default. Enter the maximum and minimum power level assignment on this radio. If you configure maximum transmit power, RRM does not allow any access point attached to the device to exceed this transmit power level (whether the power is set by RRM TPC or by coverage hole detection). For example, if you configure a maximum transmit power of 11 dBm, then no access point would transmit above 11 dBm, unless the access point is configured manually. The range is –10 dBm to 30 dBm. In the Power Threshold field, enter the cutoff signal level used by RRM when determining whether to reduce an access point’s power. Increasing this value (between –65 and –50 dBm) causes the access points to operate at higher transmit power rates. Decreasing the value has the opposite effect. In applications with a dense population of access points, it may be useful to decrease the threshold to –80 or –75 dBm in order to reduce the number of BSSIDs (access points) and beacons seen by the wireless clients. Some wireless clients might have difficulty processing a large number of BSSIDs or a high beacon rate and might exhibit problematic behavior with the default threshold. Click Apply.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm tpc-threshold (config)# end to exit global configuration mode.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm txpower{ | auto | max | min | once} —Sets the transmit power level. —Enables auto-RF. —Configures the maximum auto-RF tx-power. —Configures the minimum auto-RF tx-power. —Enables one-time auto-RF. ap dot11 6ghz rrm txpower auto : Sets the transmit power level. Valid values range from 1 to 5. : Enables auto-RF. Step 4 Returns to privileged EXEC mode. Configuring 802.11 RRM Parameters Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > RRM. In the DCA tab, choose a Channel Assignment Mode to specify the DCA mode: (default)—Causes the device to periodically evaluate and, if necessary, update the channel assignment for all joined APs. —Causes the device to evaluate and update the channel assignment for all joined APs. If you choose this option, you get to view the Invoke Channel Update Once. Click to apply the RRM data successfully. —Turns off DCA and sets all AP radios to the first channel of the band, which is the default value. If you choose this option, you must manually assign channels on all radios. From the Interval drop-down list, choose the interval that tells how often the DCA algorithm is allowed to run. The default interval is 10 minutes. From the AnchorTime drop-down list, choose a number to specify the time of day when the DCA algorithm must start. The options are numbers between 0 and 23 (inclusive) representing the hour of the day from 12:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. Check the Avoid Foreign AP Interference check box to cause the device’s RRM algorithms to consider 802.11 traffic from foreign APs (those not included in your wireless network) when assigning channels to lightweight APs, or uncheck it to disable this feature. For example, RRM may adjust the channel assignment to have access points avoid channels close to foreign APs. By default, this feature is in enabled state. Check the Avoid Cisco AP Load check box to cause the device’s RRM algorithms to consider 802.11 traffic from Cisco lightweight APs in your wireless network when assigning channels. For example, RRM can assign better reuse patterns to access points that carry a heavier traffic load. By default, this feature is in disabled state. Check the Avoid Non-802.11a Noise check box to cause the device’s RRM algorithms to consider noise (non-802.11 traffic) in the channel when assigning channels to lightweight APs. For example, RRM may have APs avoid channels with significant interference from non-AP sources, such as microwave ovens. By default, this feature is in enabled state. Check the Avoid Persistent Non-Wi-Fi Interference check box to enable the device to take into account persistent non-Wi-Fi interference in DCA calculations. A persistent interfering device is any device from the following categories, which has been seen in the past 7 days - Microwave Oven, Video Camera, Canopy, WiMax Mobile, WiMax Fixed, Exalt Bridge. With Avoid Persistent Non-Wi-Fi Interference enabled, if a Microwave Oven is detected, that interference from the Microwave Oven is taken into account in the DCA calculations for the next 7 days. After 7 days, if the interfering device is not detected anymore, it is no longer considered in the DCA calculations. From the DCA Channel Sensitivity drop-down list, choose one of the following options to specify how sensitive the DCA algorithm is to environmental changes such as signal, load, noise, and interference when determining whether to change channels: —The DCA algorithm is not particularly sensitive to environmental changes. The DCA threshold is 30 dB. (default)—The DCA algorithm is moderately sensitive to environmental changes. The DCA threshold is 15 dB. —The DCA algorithm is highly sensitive to environmental changes. The DCA threshold is 5 dB. Set the Channel Width as required. You can choose the RF channel width as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, or Best. This is applicable only for 802.11a/n/ac (5 GHZ) radio. The Auto-RF Channel List section shows the channels that are currently selected. To choose a channel, check the corresponding check box.   , you will not be able to view the neighboring APs in the root APs. Step 12 In the Event Driven RRM section, check the EDRRM check box to run RRM when CleanAir-enabled AP detects a significant level of interference. If enabled, set the sensitivity threshold level at which the RRM is invoked, enter the custom threshold, and check the Rogue Contribution check box to enter the rogue duty-cycle. Step 13 Click Apply .   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel cleanair-event sensitivity {high | low | medium} (config)# –Specifies the most sensitivity to non-Wi-Fi interference as indicated by the air quality (AQ) value. –Specifies the least sensitivity to non-Wi-Fi interference as indicated by the AQ value. –Specifies medium sensitivity to non-Wi-Fi interference as indicated by the AQ value. ap dot11 6ghz rrm channel dca {anchor-time | global auto | interval | sensitivity {high | low | medium}} (config)# –Configures the anchor time for the DCA. The range is between 0 and 23 hours. –Configures the DCA mode for all 802.11 Cisco APs. –Enables auto-RF. –Configures the DCA interval value. The values are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours and the default value 0 denotes 10 minutes. –Configures the DCA sensitivity level to changes in the environment. –Specifies the most sensitivity. –Specifies the least sensitivity. –Specifies medium sensitivity. ap dot11 5ghz rrm channel dca chan-width {20 | 40 | 80 | best} (config)# 80 MHz, ; 20 MHz is the default value for channel bandwidth. 80 MHz is the default value for best. Set the channel bandwidth to best before configuring the constraints. ap dot11 5ghz rrm channel dca chan-width width-max {WIDTH_20MHz | WIDTH_40MHz | WIDTH_80MHz | WIDTH_MAX} (config)# assigns the channel bandwidth to 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz but not greater than that. ap dot11 6ghz rrm channel dca chan-width width-max {WIDTH_20MHz | WIDTH_40MHz | WIDTH_80MHz | WIDTH_MAX} (config)# assigns the channel bandwidth to 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz but not greater than that. ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel device (config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel foreign (config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel load (config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel noise (config)# end to exit global configuration mode. Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > RRM to configure Radio Resource Management parameters for 802.11ax (6-GHz), 802.11a/n/ac (5-GHz) and 802.11b/g/n (2.4-GHz) radios. On the Radio Resource Management page, click Coverage tab. To enable coverage hole detection, check the Enable Coverage Hole Detection check box. In the Data Packet Count field, enter the number of data packets. In the Data Packet Percentage field, enter the percentage of data packets. In the Data RSSI Threshold field, enter the actual value in dBm. Value ranges from -60 dBm to -90 dBm; the default value is –80 dBm. In the Voice Packet Count field, enter the number of voice data packets. In the Voice Packet Percentage field, enter the percentage of voice data packets. In the Voice RSSI Threshold field, enter the actual value in dBm. Value ranges from -60 dBm to -90 dBm; the default value is –80 dBm. In the Minimum Failed Client per AP field, enter the minimum number of clients on an AP with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) below the coverage threshold. Value ranges from 1 to 75 and the default value is 3. In the Percent Coverage Exception Level per AP field, enter the maximum desired percentage of clients on an access point’s radio operating below the desired coverage threshold and click Apply. Value ranges from 0 to 100% and the default value is 25%.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm coverage data{fail-percentage | packet-count | rssi-threshold} : Configures the 802.11 coverage failure-rate threshold for uplink data packets as a percentage that ranges from 1 to 100%. : Configures the 802.11 coverage minimum failure count threshold for uplink data packets that ranges from 1 to 255. : Configures the 802.11 minimum receive coverage level for data packets that range from –90 to –60 dBm. ap dot11 6ghz rrm coverage data{fail-percentage | packet-count } : Configures the 802.11 6-GHz coverage failure-rate threshold for uplink data packets as a percentage that ranges from 1 to 100%. : Configures the 802.11 6-GHz coverage minimum failure count threshold for uplink data packets that ranges from 1 to 255. ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm coverage exception global ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm coverage level global ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm coverage voice{fail-percentage | packet-count | rssi-threshold} : Configures the 802.11 coverage failure-rate threshold for uplink voice packets as a percentage that ranges from 1 to 100%. : Configures the 802.11 coverage minimum failure count threshold for uplink voice packets that ranges from 1 to 255. : Configures the 802.11 minimum receive coverage level for voice packets that range from –90 to –60 dBm. ap dot11 6ghz rrm coverage voice{fail-percentage | packet-count } : Configures the 802.11 6-GHz coverage failure-rate threshold for uplink voice packets as a percentage that ranges from 1 to 100%. : Configures the 802.11 6-GHz coverage minimum failure count threshold for uplink voice packets that ranges from 1 to 255. end to exit global configuration mode.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz rrm logging{channel | coverage | foreign | load | noise | performance | txpower} (config)# Device(config)# Device(config)# Device(config)# Device(config)# Device(config)# Device(config)# —Configures the 802.11 channel change logging mode. —Configures the 802.11 coverage profile logging mode. —Configures the 802.11 foreign interference profile logging mode. —Configures the 802.11 load profile logging mode. —Configures the 802.11 noise profile logging mode. —Configures the 802.11 performance profile logging mode. —Configures the 802.11 transmit power change logging mode. end to exit global configuration mode. Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > RRM to configure Radio Resource Management parameters for 802.11ax (6-GHz), 802.11a/n/ac (5 GHz) and 802.11b/g/n (2.4 GHz) radios. In the Monitor Intervals(60 to 3600secs) section, proceed as follows: . The valid range is from 60 to 3600 seconds. . The valid range is from 60 to 3600 seconds. . The valid range is from 60 to 3600 seconds. . The valid range is from 60 to 3600 seconds. Click Apply.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm monitor channel-list{all | country | dca} : Monitors all channels. : Monitor channels used in configured country code. : Monitor channels used by dynamic channel assignment. ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm monitor coverage ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm monitor load ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm monitor measurement ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm monitor neighbor-timeout-factor ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm monitor reporting ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm monitor rssi-normalization Choose Configuration > Tags & Profiles > AP Join. On the AP Join page, click the name of the profile or click Add to create a new one. In the Add/Edit RF Profile window, click the RRM tab. In the General tab that is displayed, enter the following parameters: field, enter the threshold value for 802.11 foreign interference that ranges between 0 and 100 percent. field, enter the threshold value for 802.11 Cisco AP clients that range between 1 and 75 clients. field, enter the threshold value for 802.11 foreign noise ranges between –127 and 0 dBm. field, enter the threshold value for 802.11 RF utilization that ranges between 0 to 100 percent. Click Update & Apply to Device.   Command or Action Purpose configure terminal ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm profile clients ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz}rrm profile foreign ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm profile noise ap dot11 6ghz rrm profile customize ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm profile throughput (config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm profile utilization end Configuring Advanced 802.11 RRM Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > RRM. In the RRM page, click the relevant band's tab: either 6 GHz Band, 5 GHz Band or 2.4 GHz Band. Click the DCA tab In the Dynamic Channel Assignment Algorithm section, choose the appropriate Channel Assignment Mode from these options: to refresh the assigned channels. Click Apply.   Command or Action Purpose enable ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel-update #   , a token is assigned for channel assignment in the DCA algorithm.   Command or Action Purpose enable ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm dca restart # Choose Configuration > Wireless > Access Points. On the Access Points page, click the AP name from the 5GHz or 2.4 GHz list. In the Edit Radios > Configure > Tx Power Level Assignment section, choose Custom from the Assignment Method group-down list. Choose the value for Transmit Power from the drop-down list. Click Update & Apply to Device.   Command or Action Purpose enable ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rrm txpower update Configuring Rogue Access Point Detection in RF Groups Before you begin Ensure that each controller in the RF group has been configured with the same RF group name. have different names, false alarms will occur.   Command or Action Purpose ap name mode monitor clear sensor sniffer # ap name ap1 mode clear . Configures the following AP modes of operation: : Sets the AP mode to monitor mode. : Resets AP mode to local or remote based on the site. : Sets the AP mode to sensor mode. : Sets the AP mode to wireless sniffer mode. end to exit global configuration mode. configure terminal wireless wps ap-authentication (config)# wireless wps ap-authentication threshold (config)# The valid threshold range is from 1 to 255, and the default threshold value is 1. To avoid false alarms, you may want to set the threshold to a higher value.   in the RF group.   in the RF group, the access points on the controller with this feature disabled are reported as rogues. Monitoring RRM Parameters and RF Group Status Table 2. Commands for monitoring Radio Resource Management Commands Description show ap dot11 24ghz channel Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11b channel assignment. show ap dot11 24ghz coverage Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11b coverage. show ap dot11 24ghz group Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11b grouping. show ap dot11 24ghz logging Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11b event logging. show ap dot11 24ghz monitor Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11b monitoring. show ap dot11 24ghz profile Displays 802.11b profiling information for all Cisco APs. show ap dot11 24ghz summary Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11b Cisco APs. show ap dot11 24ghz txpower Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11b transmit power control. show ap dot11 5ghz channel Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11a channel assignment. show ap dot11 5ghz coverage Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11a coverage. show ap dot11 5ghz group Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11a grouping. show ap dot11 5ghz logging Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11a event logging. show ap dot11 5ghz monitor Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11a monitoring. show ap dot11 5ghz profile Displays 802.11a profiling information for all Cisco APs. show ap dot11 5ghz summary Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11a Cisco APs. show ap dot11 5ghz txpower Displays the configuration and statistics of the 802.11a transmit power control. This section describes the new commands for RF group status. The following commands can be used to verify RF group status on the . Table 3. Verifying Aggressive Load Balancing Command show ap dot11 5ghz group Displays the controller name which is the RF group leader for the 802.11a RF network. show ap dot11 24ghz group Displays the controller name which is the RF group leader for the 802.11b/g RF network. show ap dot11 6ghz group Displays the controller name which is the RF group leader for the 802.11 6-GHz RF network. To display the controller as a remote member and part of the AI Enhanced RRM, use the following command: Information About ED-RRM Spontaneous interference is interference that appears suddenly on a network, perhaps jamming a channel or a range of channels completely. The Cisco CleanAir spectrum event-driven RRM feature allows you to set a threshold for air quality (AQ) that, if exceeded, triggers an immediate channel change for the affected access point. Once a channel change occurs due to event-driven RRM, the channel is blocked list for three hours to avoid selection. Most RF management systems can avoid interference, but this information takes time to propagate through the system. Cisco CleanAir relies on AQ measurements to continuously evaluate the spectrum and can trigger a move within 30 seconds. For example, if an access point detects interference from a video camera, it can recover by changing channels within 30 seconds of the camera becoming active. Trigger spectrum event-driven radio resource management (RRM) to run when a Cisco CleanAir-enabled access point detects a significant level of interference by entering these commands: {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel cleanair-event —Configures CleanAir driven RRM parameters for the 802.11 Cisco lightweight access points. ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel cleanair-event sensitivity {low | medium | high | custom} —Configures CleanAir driven RRM sensitivity for the 802.11 Cisco lightweight access points. Default selection is Medium. ap dot11 24ghz 5ghz rrm channel cleanair-event custom-threshold —Triggers the ED-RRM event at the set threshold value. The custom threshold values range from 1 to 99. ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel cleanair-event rogue-contribution —Enables rogue contribution. ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz} rrm channel cleanair-event rogue-contribution duty-cycle —Configures threshold value for rogue contribution. The valid range is from 1 to 99, with 80 as the default. Save your changes by entering this command: See the CleanAir configuration for the 802.11a/n/ac or 802.11b/g/n network by entering this command: {24ghz | 5ghz} cleanair config Was this Document Helpful? Contact Cisco (Requires a Cisco Service Contract ) 372 COMMENTS Maximum power level assignment Vs TX power levels For example, 1 = maximum power level in a particular regulatory domain, 2 = 50% power, 3 = 25% power, 4 = 12.5% power, and so on. In certain cases, Cisco access points support only 7 power levels for certain channels, so that the Cisco Wireless Controller considers the 7th and 8th power levels as the same. Radio Resource Management under Unified Wireless Networks Tx Power Level Assignment Settings via the WLC GUI. Power Level Assignment Method—The TPC algorithm can be configured in one of three ways: Automatic—This is the default configuration. When RRM is enabled, the TPC algorithm runs every ten minutes (600 seconds) and, if necessary, power setting changes will be made at this interval. ... Radio Resource Management Configures Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA) algorithm parameters for the 802.11 band. add channel-number-Enter a channel number to be added to the DCA list. ... In the Edit Radios > Configure > Tx Power Level Assignment section, choose Custom from the Assignment Method group-down list. Radio Resource Management To set the Maximum Power Level Assignment and Minimum Power Level Assignment, ... Configures the 802.11 tx-power level. ... Configures Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA) algorithm parameters for the 802.11 band. -Enter a channel number to be added to the DCA list. Configuring TPC If the value from step 2 with current Tx power level ? Verify whether it exceeds the TPC hysteresis. If the value is 6 dB or greater, the controller lower the power of the AP by one power level. ... The minimum number of neighbors an AP must have for TPC algorithm to run. 2.Power Assignment Leader: The IP Address of RF group leader, who is ... Transmit power recommendations for 2.4GHz band Any suggestions on how to go about setting a decent Tx power level for the 802.11b/g radios? What have some of you done to help improve the quality of that band? Controllers: WISM-2 modules running 8.0.140. AP Model: AIR-CAP3702I-A-K9. RRM is set to TPCv2 (Interference) Power Threshold = -67-dBm. Max Power level assignment = 30-dBm (I know, WAY ... Cisco Transmit Power Control (TPC) Explained The TPC parameters can be configured under the RRM tab of our RF profile. We can then amend the following configuration parameters: Maximum Power Level Assignment. Minimum Power Level Assignment. Power Threshold v1. Power Threshold v2. One of the functions that makes up the RRM operations is Transmit Power Control (TPC). Changing DCA and TxPowerLevelAssignment Interval Power Level Assignment Method-The TPC algorithm can be configured in one of three ways: Automatic-This is the default configuration. When RRM is enabled, the TPC algorithm runs every ten minutes (600 seconds) and, if necessary, power setting changes will be made at this interval. ****This is a display-only field and cannot be modified.**** PDF Cross-Layer Design of Power Assignment and Power Balance in Wireless Ad Transmission power assignment algorithm provides the best solutions for the initial power allocation in the wireless environment. Furthermore, because of the broadcast nature ... Choosing a power level that will maintain network connectivity, bounding the number of one-hop neighbors. 2) Designing power efficient routing algorithms in the ... Cisco Content Hub In the Tx Power Level Assignment area, choose the Custom assignment method and choose a transmit power level from the drop-down list to assign a transmit power level to the access point radio. The transmit power level is assigned an integer value instead of a value in mW or dBm. Radio Resource Management White Paper As an example, we'll use a use case where the AP being set does not have a 3 rd neighbor (classicaly resulted in a power level 1 assignment before smoothing was introduced in version 6.1 of the RRM algorithms). Before applying the new power level to the AP, a check of the AP's neighbors is made to see what they're operating at. Meraki Auto RF: Wi-Fi Channel and Power Management Opportunistic Auto TX. The Auto TX algorithm is available only to devices with a third radio (Ex. MR18, MR34, etc.). Other devices will use the opportunistic Auto TX algorithm. This algorithm uses a different metric set to determine the appropriate power level, given that the AP does not have real-time visibility of neighboring APs. Enabling 802.11 a/n/ac and 802.11 b/g/n To configure Tx Power control using 802.11 a/n/ac or 802.11 b/g/n, perform the following task: Click Wireless to access the All APs page. Navigate to 802.11 a/n/ac or 802.11 b/g/n >RRM>TPC. Under Tx Power Level Assignment Algorithm, select the following options: Power Level Assignment —Automatic. Note: Vocera does not recommend Fixed Power ... Foundation Topics > Understanding RRM A new AP right out of the box will power up at its maximum power level. After the TPC algorithm has run and adjusted an AP's power level, that level is remembered the next time the AP is power cycled. ... On the AP configuration page, as shown in Figure 13-15, you can set the channel under RF Channel Assignment or the transmit power under Tx ... Transmit Power Levels on Wireless Access Points Tx Power for 802.11b Num Of Supported Power Levels ..... 8 Tx Power Level 1 ..... 23 dBm (199 mW) Tx Power Level 2 ..... 20 dBm (100 mW) Tx Power Level 3 ..... 17 dBm (50 mW) Tx Cisco Wireless Controller Configuration Guide, Release 8.5 In the Tx Power Level Assignment area, choose the Custom assignment method and choose a transmit power level from the drop-down list to assign a transmit power level to the access point radio. The transmit power level is assigned an integer value instead of a value in mW or dBm. Power Assignment in Radio Networks with Two Power Levels We study the power-assignment problem in radio networks, where each radio station can transmit in one of two possible power levels, corresponding to two ranges—short and long. We show that this problem is NP-hard, and we present an O(n2)-time assignment algorithm such that the number of transmitters that are assigned long range by the algorithm is at most (11/6) times the number of ... Improving BLE Distance Estimation and Classification Using TX Power and the models to consider TX power level. Therefore, the scanner reads TX power in the received BLE advertisement along with RSSI. The TX power log-shadowing model (LogTx) estimates the distance using the following equation: distance = 10 RSSI−RSSITX −10n, (3) where RSSITX depends on the scanned TX power. For example, when TX power=high, the ... WLC Tx Power Level Assignment Options. 03-27-2017 07:43 AM - edited ‎07-05-2021 06:44 AM. We have a WLC running 8.2.121.0 that has Wireless 802.11b > RRM > Tx Power Control (TPC)) > Minimum Power Level Assignment set to 10 dBm. On a 2802 AP, that should be about power level 5. The WLC Power Level Assignment Method is automatic. The APs are set to use the global power and ... Transmit Power Control Considerations Though the maximum power level is configured in dBm, Cisco uses a series of numbers to represent levels of power. Phil Morgan of NC-Expert wrote an article titled WLC and AP Power settings in which he discusses Cisco power levels in further detail. In his article, he discusses how we can determine what the power levels represent as they vary by AP model, band (2.4 vs 5GHz), and even channel ... AP power level assignment Currently the global TX power level assignment method algorithm is set to automatic every 600 sec. Now, obviously I could change this to fixed (not ideal as I may not want all my APs to run at max power all the time) or to on demand (also not ideal due to the increased admin). Cisco Catalyst 9800 Series Wireless Controller Software Configuration Configures advanced 802.11 channel assignment parameters for the 2.4-GHz radio hosted on slot 0 for a specific access point. ... client steering algorithms contained in the Flexible Radio Assignment (FRA) algorithm are used to steer a client between the same band co-resident radios. ... tx_power_level - Is the transmit power level in dBm. The ... Radio Resource Management Configures 802.11 6GHz dynamic channel assignment algorithm parameters. anchor-time-Configures the anchor time for the DCA. The range is between 0 and 23 hours. ... In the Edit Radios > Configure > Tx Power Level Assignment section, choose Custom from the Assignment Method group-down list. assignment business plan essay writing homework paper writing research paper review writing