importance du business plan

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L’importance du business plan

Le business plan est un terme connu, utilisé fréquemment dans la presse économique ou dans les ouvrages spécialisés. On en entend également beaucoup parler dans le monde de l’entrepreneuriat.

Le coin des entrepreneurs vous explique en quoi le business plan est un élément important dans le cadre d’une création d’entreprise.

La composition du business plan

La première partie du business plan consiste en une approche économique du projet de création d’entreprise ( étude de marché , offre de produits ou de services, business model , stratégie commerciale …).

Ensuite, il comporte une deuxième partie portant sur l’étude financière du projet. C’est ce qu’on appelle le prévisionnel , qui comporte plusieurs études et tableaux financiers, parmi lesquels nous retrouvons le compte de résultat prévisionnel, le budget de trésorerie et le plan de financement.

La réalisation du business plan est une démarche de travail

Ce qui est important dans le business plan, c’est la démarche que vous allez suivre pour son élaboration. Le document que vous présenterez à vos partenaires n’est qu’une simple mise en page de vos informations. Cette démarche vous oblige à travailler sur de nombreuses problématiques et vous pousse à vous poser les bonnes questions. En conséquence, vous enrichissez votre projet et vous éviter des erreurs.

Ensuite, votre business plan structure votre projet, lui donne un cadre, détermine un plan d’actions et vous aide à prendre des décisions. C’est le support de votre projet.

Le business plan pour se fixer un objectif de chiffre d’affaires

L’une des problématiques des créateurs d’entreprises est de déterminer un chiffre d’affaires prévisionnel. Si les charges peuvent être budgétisées assez rapidement, il est moins évident de prévoir un objectif de chiffre d’affaires.

Une première idée pourrait consister à fixer des objectifs de chiffres d’affaires pour couvrir l’ensemble de ces coûts. Toutefois, il s’agit plutôt ici d’un travail de calcul du seuil de rentabilité. Partir des dépenses pour calculer un chiffre d’affaires prévisionnel est une mauvaise option.

Sur la question du chiffre d’affaires, le business plan est important. C’est en fonction de votre modèle économique que vous allez pouvoir travailler sur des objectifs de chiffre d’affaires. Ensuite, vous devrez budgétiser tous les moyens à mettre en œuvre pour y parvenir.

Après avoir fixé un objectif atteignable de chiffre d’affaires prévisionnel puis étudié les coûts, le créateur peut déterminer si son modèle économique est financièrement viable.

Le business plan pour vérifier l’équilibre financier du projet

Le business plan comporte également un budget de trésorerie prévisionnel et un plan de financement initial. Ces états permettent de mesurer l’équilibre financier du projet ainsi que le budget nécessaire pour démarrer le projet. Ensuite, en fonction de l’activité, on y retrouve l’ensemble des flux de trésorerie.

Le plan de trésorerie prévisionnel permet de détecter d’éventuels creux de trésorerie et d’ajuster par anticipation les ressources à mobiliser. Lorsque le projet nécessite des investissements, le plan de financement doit être équilibré.

Le business plan est un outil de pilotage

Lorsque l’activité est lancée, le créateur doit toujours garder un œil sur son business plan et l’actualiser .

À parti du compte de résultat et un plan de trésorerie prévisionnels, il est possible de comparer chaque mois les chiffres prévisionnels et les chiffres réels (qui sont présent dans la comptabilité). Si le chiffre d’affaires et le résultat dégagé suivent les projections du prévisionnel, l’entrepreneur sait où il va. Si ce n’est pas le cas, l’entrepreneur pourra mettre à jour ses prévisions et prendre rapidement des mesures en conséquence.

Le business plan permet au créateur de se fixer des objectifs à court et moyen terme et de mesurer en temps réel le travail accompli. Il s’agit d’un outil de pilotage et d’aide à la décision.

En conclusion, nous insistons sur l’importance fondamentale du business plan pour le créateur d’entreprise. Il est certain que le fait de réaliser un business plan ne garantit pas le succès d’un projet, mais il y contribue. Sa démarche de réalisation permet d’avancer et de structurer un projet.

A lire également sur le business plan :

• Le bilan prévisionnel
• L’étude de marché
• Le chiffre d’affaires prévisionnel
• Le plan de trésorerie

2 commentaires sur “L’importance du business plan”

Je voudrais juste ajouter ceci: le business plan est un outil de gestion pour l’entrepreneur; il est un outil de vente. Sa force de conviction provient de l’investissement qu’on y a mis.

Vous pouvez jeter un coup d’œil sur mes articles relatifs au Business Plan.

Bonjour, je me prénomme Lassina. Je suis analyste de projets. Je découvre votre Site avec joie. Car, je suis dans le conseil et accompagnement des porteurs de projet. Oui, la structure de Business Plan peut être divisée en deux parties: la partie narrative qui recueille les résultats de l’étude de marché; le dossier financier composé des documents financiers (tableau de financement initial, comptes de résultat prévisionnel, et le tableau de trésorerie).

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Utilité du business plan : à quoi sert-il ?

Le business plan est l’outil indispensable de tout créateur ou repreneur d’entreprise. Mais à quoi sert -il ? Compta-Facile vous propose une fiche complète sur l’ utilité du business plan.

1ère utilité : le business plan sert à clarifier son projet

Le business plan  est un excellent outil de travail pour le porteur de projet. Véritable fil conducteur , il va lui permettre de :

• clarifier et structurer ses idées,
• mettre en évidence les risques liés au projet,
• préciser sa stratégie,
• identifier les points forts de l’offre ainsi que ses points faibles,
• dégager des pistes d’amélioration.

2ème utilité : le business plan sert à rechercher des financements

Le business plan est le support indispensable pour solliciter des financements   auprès d’établissements bancaires ou d’investisseurs externes. Il permet de rassurer les prêteurs en prouvant la faisabilité et la solidité financière et économique du projet.

Pour convaincre les banques, il convient de porter une attention particulière aux tableaux financiers suivants : plan de financement prévisionnel , calcul du BFR (besoin en fonds de roulement), calcul de la  capacité d’autofinancement (CAF) , calcul de la capacité de remboursement , niveau d’endettement, etc.

Lorsqu’il s’agit de convaincre des investisseurs, il sera plus opportun de mettre en avant le compte de résultat prévisionnel  et d’annoncer les distributions de dividendes prévues afin de démontrer le retour sur investissement du projet.

3ème utilité : le business plan sert à convaincre les futurs partenaires

Au-delà des financements à proprement parler, le business plan va permettre de s’octroyer la confiance des futurs partenaires de l’entreprise. Il pourra notamment s’agir de convaincre les fournisseurs de la pérennité d’un projet afin de :

• mettre en avant l’opportunité commerciale pour le fournisseur,
• le rassurer contre le risque de défaillance de l’entreprise,
• se faire accorder un délai de paiement plus ou moins long afin de financer le BFR généré par l’activité,
• négocier des tarifs préférentiels en fonction du volume de commandes.

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4ème utilité : le business plan sert à comparer les réalisations aux prévisions et agir

Une fois l’activité lancée, le business plan constitue un  point de repère.  Il permet d’assurer le suivi de l’évolution de chacune des étapes de création et de développement d’une entreprise. Il représente alors un outil d’alerte : les chiffres effectivement réalisés sont comparés à ceux qui avaient été estimés dans le business plan.

Toute différence significative sera analysée et des  actions correctives devront être mises en oeuvre rapidement.

Nos autres publications pour approfondir la notion de business plan :

• Définition du business plan : qu’est-ce que c’est ?
• Quand faut-il établir un business plan ?
• Destinataires du business plan : à qui s’adresse-t-il ?
• Contenu du business plan : que mettre dedans ?
• Comment faire un business plan ?

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Thibaut CLERMONT , mémorialiste en expertise-comptable et fondateur de Compta-Facile, site d'information sur la comptabilité .

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The importance of business plan: 5 key reasons.

A key part of any business is its business plan. They can help define the goals of your business and help it reach success. A good business plan can also help you develop an adequate marketing strategy. There are a number of reasons all business owners need business plans, keep reading to learn more!

Here’s What We’ll Cover:

What Is a Business Plan?

5 reasons you need a well-written business plan, how do i make a business plan, key takeaways.

A business plan contains detailed information that can help determine its success. Some of this information can include the following:

• Market analysis
• Cash flow projection
• Competitive analysis
• Financial statements and financial projections
• An operating plan

A solid business plan is a good way to attract potential investors. It can also help you display to business partners that you have a successful business growing. In a competitive landscape, a formal business plan is your key to success.

Check out all of the biggest reasons you need a good business plan below.

1. To Secure Funding

Whether you’re seeking funding from a venture capitalist or a bank, you’ll need a business plan. Business plans are the foundation of a business. They tell the parties that you’re seeking funding from whether or not you’re worth investing in. If you need any sort of outside financing, you’ll need a good business plan to secure it.

2. Set and Communicate Goals

A business plan gives you a tangible way of reviewing your business goals. Business plans revolve around the present and the future. When you establish your goals and put them in writing, you’re more likely to reach them. A strong business plan includes these goals, and allows you to communicate them to investors and employees alike.

3. Prove Viability in the Market

While many businesses are born from passion, not many will last without an effective business plan. While a business concept may seem sound, things may change once the specifics are written down. Often, people who attempt to start a business without a plan will fail. This is because they don’t take into account all of the planning and funds needed to get a business off of the ground.

Market research is a large part of the business planning process. It lets you review your potential customers, as well as the competition, in your field. By understanding both you can set price points for products or services. Sometimes, it may not make sense to start a business based on the existing competition. Other times, market research can guide you to effective marketing strategies that others lack. To have a successful business, it has to be viable. A business plan will help you determine that.

4. They Help Owners Avoid Failure

Far too often, small businesses fail. Many times, this is due to the lack of a strong business plan. There are many reasons that small businesses fail, most of which can be avoided by developing a business plan. Some of them are listed below, which can be avoided by having a business plan:

• The market doesn’t need the business’s product or service
• The business didn’t take into account the amount of capital needed
• The market is oversaturated
• The prices set by the business are too high, pushing potential customers away

Any good business plan includes information to help business owners avoid these issues.

5. Business Plans Reduce Risk

Related to the last reason, business plans help reduce risk. A well-thought-out business plan helps reduce risky decisions. They help business owners make informed decisions based on the research they conduct. Any business owner can tell you that the most important part of their job is making critical decisions. A business plan that factors in all possible situations helps make those decisions.

Luckily, there are plenty of tools available to help you create a business plan. A simple search can lead you to helpful tools, like a business plan template . These are helpful, as they let you fill in the information as you go. Many of them provide basic instructions on how to create the business plan, as well.

If you plan on starting a business, you’ll need a business plan. They’re good for a vast number of things. Business plans help owners make informed decisions, as well as set goals and secure funding. Don’t put off putting together your business plan!

If you’re in the planning stages of your business, be sure to check out our resource hub . We have plenty of valuable resources and articles for you when you’re just getting started. Check it out today!

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Le business plan

Accueil » Vie de l'entreprise » Le business plan » L’importance du business plan

L’importance du business plan

Mis à jour 08/07/2020

En affaires, beaucoup d’éléments changent d’année en année tels que les stratégies marketing, les modes de communication et l’aménagement du lieu de travail. Mais une chose demeure au cœur de la réussite : le business plan. En amont, il permet de définir la concurrence, nous projeter sur le marché et clarifie la vision de l’entreprise et sa stratégie.

Connaître et comprendre son marché

Tout bon business plan contient une étude de marché. Il est impossible de créer une entreprise sans étudier ce qui existe déjà dans notre secteur d’affaires. Cela nous permet tout d’abord de vérifier l’intérêt de notre apport au marché. Qu’est-ce qui différencie notre entreprise et lui permettra de prendre des parts du marché ? Le secteur est-il en croissance ou l’offre est-elle déjà trop importante ? Voilà des questions auxquelles l’étude de marché répondra.

Pour parvenir à trouver les réponses, il existe des sites tels que Manageo.fr qui nous permettent de découvrir les entreprises concurrentes sur le marché français. Grâce à une recherche d’entreprises par secteur d’activité ou par région, il est possible de connaître le chiffre d’affaires de celles-ci, le nombre d’employés qui y travaillent et leur date de création. En ce qui concerne la globalité du secteur, on y apprendra le nombre de sociétés qui y sont déjà établies, combien ont été créées au cours des 6 derniers mois et autres informations utiles pour compléter l’étude de marché.

Clarifier la vision de l’entreprise et sa stratégie

Pour arriver à ses fins, chaque détail compte. Parfois, prendre du recul sur nos objectifs nous permet de découvrir des manques ou des faiblesses. En s’obligeant à définir la vision et la stratégie de l’entreprise sur papier, par l’entremise du business plan, c’est là qu’il est possible de déterminer les actions urgentes à prendre, avant d’entreprendre la mise en place de la société. En définissant les gestes à poser, il se peut que l’on s’aperçoive qu’il manque un spécialiste à l’équipe afin de s’occuper d’un domaine dans lequel aucun des partenaires présents ne possèdent de compétences.

Une fois que la compagnie est lancée, et que nous nous retrouvons dans l’opérationnel, tout imprévu peut devenir problématique, car il occupera du temps qui n’était pas imparti dans les tâches. En vérifiant que l’ensemble des moyens nécessaires à la réalisation de la vision de l’entreprise sont bien en place, il sera plus facile d’exécuter, sans avoir à faire de retour en arrière. Il vaut mieux passer plus de temps à la planification initiale, car la complexité d’un problème pourrait doubler une fois l’entreprise en marche.

Rechercher des financements

Le business plan est un support fondamental pour trouver des financements auprès des investisseurs ou des organismes bancaires. En effet, il faut des données solides pour convaincre tout type d’investisseurs de miser sur votre projet. Prenez soin à bien renseigner les tableaux suivants :

• plan prévisionnel
• calcul du BFR (besoins en fonds de roulement)
• calcul de la capacité d’autofinancement
• calcul de la capacité de remboursement
• niveau d’endettement

Pour solliciter le financement d’investisseurs, il est préférable de miser sur un compte de résultat prévisionnel et d’annoncer en amont le montant des dividendes prévus pour démontrer le ROI potentiel.

Convaincre des partenaires

Un business plan est un document qui va également permettre de trouver des partenaires. Grâce à celui-ci, vous obtiendrez la confiance d’autres professionnels qui voudraient bien travailler avec vous. Il peut s’agir de fournisseurs, ou d’autres prestataires. En effet, le business plan va mettre en avant l’opportunité commerciale que vous présentez, être rassurant et vous permettre de négocier les tarifs.

Le business plan : deux parties essentielles

Généralement, le business plan se divise en deux grandes parties :

• Formaliser le projet de création à l’aide d’une étude de marché approfondie, lister les détails des moyens mis en œuvre pour réussir à atteindre les objectifs, décrire les offres de produits et de service.
• Formaliser le côté économique du projet (compte de résultat prévisionnel) en récapitulant le chiffre d’affaires et les charges que vous estimez sur les trois ans à venir.

Comparer réel et prévisionnel

Le business plan est toujours utile après le lancement de l’entreprise. Une fois que l’activité est lancée, il est primordial de garder un œil sur ce document. On peut ainsi se rendre compte de son avancée en comparant les chiffres prévisionnels et réels. Si les données sont semblables, cela signifie que qu’on a vu juste et c’est encourageant. Dans le cas contraire, il sera utile de prendre des mesures et le business plan permet de réagir plus rapidement et efficacement ,car on ne perd pas de vue les objectifs de base.

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Selon mon expérience, le business plan peut être plus ou moins formel. Lorsque l’on a besoin de formaliser un plan, et donc de l’écrire, il faut avant tout savoir pour qui on l’écrit. Le business plan est un outil marketing, il est fait pour convaincre (un financier, un partenaire, un associé …). Trop de plans sont lourds et difficiles à lire. Ils ne servent alors pas à grand chose. Vous devez rédiger votre plan pour convaincre et pour plaire.

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The Undeniable Importance of a Business Plan

We often hear about business plans in the context of early-stage companies; however, constructing excellent business plans is difficult and time-consuming, so many entrepreneurs avoid them. But, is this a mistake?

While most people may be aware of the “soft” arguments for and against writing a business plan, in this article, a Toptal Finance Expert takes a data-driven approach to addressing the debate. In it, he finds strong evidence to support the notion that writing an excellent business plan is time well spent.

By Sean Heberling

Sean has analyzed 10,000+ companies, built complex models, and helped facilitate $1+ billion in investment transactions.

PREVIOUSLY AT

Executive Summary

• Individuals who write business plans are 2.5x as likely to start businesses.
• Business planning improves corporate executive satisfaction with corporate strategy development.
• Angels and venture capitalists value business plans and their [financial models](https://www.toptal.com/finance/tutorials/what-is-a-financial-model).
• Companies who complete business plans are 2.5x as likely to get funded.
• Even if a small-scale early-stage venture seeking just $250,000 in capital spent almost $40,000 on business planning and another almost $40,000 on capital raising, it should still expect to "break even" on a probability-weighted basis.
• Larger early-stage ventures enjoy extraordinary probability-weighted returns on investment from business planning. Because the target net capital so greatly exceeds the money spent on business planning, the prospective ROI is huge.
• Company Overview: An explanation of why your company is relevant and the need you are addressing.
• Market Overview: A description of the state of your market and its important trends, a detailed description of your customers, and a description of your current competitors and their advantages.
• Product/Service Overview: A description of your product(s), how they compete with other brands, why they are needed, and why customers will pay a fair economic value for it.
• Financial Projections: Three thorough financial plans with conservative, moderate, and optimistic assumptions.
• The process of writing forces the author to ask introspectively how they reached their conclusions and each of the sub-conclusions along the way because they must explain their logic to a cynical reader.
• The written author needs to support all conclusions with facts and logic to prove that they are not "making it up" or relying upon popular "myths."
• Outlined reports and outlined business plans are not generally subject to the same level of reader scrutiny.

We often hear about business plans in the context of early-stage companies , but constructing excellent business plans is difficult and time-consuming, so many entrepreneurs avoid them. That’s a mistake, as there is strong evidence demonstrating that business plans generate positive returns on time and money invested .

The business world has long debated the importance of business plans, and most involved understand the “soft” arguments. However, this article delves into the data to conclude that writing an excellent business plan is time well spent. I developed a similar view over my 20+ year financial career , during which I have analyzed well over 10,000 different types of companies. I have noticed that while a business plan may not be required for a venture to become successful, having one does seem to greatly improve the probability of successful outcomes.

Expert Opinions Support the Value of Business Planning

Expert opinions support the four following conclusions:

• Angels and venture capitalists value business plans and their financial models.

Individuals Who Write Business Plans Are 2.5x More Likely to Become Entrepreneurs

Many people have business ideas over the course of their careers, but often, these ideas never come to fruition, or they get lost amidst our daily obligations. Interestingly, studies support the notion that those who write business plans are far more likely to launch their companies. Data from the Panal Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics in fact suggests that business planners were 2.5x as likely to get into business . The study, which surveyed more than 800 people across the United States who were in the process of starting businesses, therefore concluded that “writing a plan greatly increased the chances that a person would actually go into business.”

Of course, causation of this phenomenon is hard to pin down. There are several different possible reasons why this correlation between writing business plans and actually starting a business may exist. But William Gartner, Clemson University Entrepreneurship Professor and author of the Panal Study, believes that “‘research shows that business plans are all about walking the walk. People who write business plans also do more stuff.’ And doing more stuff, such as researching markets and preparing projections, increases the chances an entrepreneur will follow through.”

Research shows that business plans are all about walking the walk. People who write business plans also do more stuff. And doing more stuff, such as researching markets and preparing projections, increases the chances an entrepreneur will follow through.

William Bygrave, a professor emeritus at Babson College, reached a similar conclusion despite having previously shown “that entrepreneurs who began with formal plans had no greater success than those who started without them.” Bygrave does admit, however, that “40% of Babson students who have taken the college’s business plan writing course go on to start businesses after graduation, twice the rate of those who didn’t study plan writing.”

Business Planning Improves Corporate Executive Satisfaction

Another important way in which business plans can provide tangible help is by aligning everyone in an organization with the vision and strategy going forward. And this, in turn, has important ramifications on corporate executive satisfaction. A study by McKinsey & Company which surveyed nearly 800 corporate executives across a range of industries confirms this conclusion. In it, McKinsey found that “formal strategic-planning processes play an important role in improving overall satisfaction with strategy development. That role can be seen in the responses of the 79 percent of managers who claimed that the formal planning process played a significant role in developing strategies and were satisfied with the approach of their companies, compared with only 21 percent of the respondents who felt that the process did not play a significant role. Looked at another way, 51% of the respondents whose companies had no formal process were dissatisfied with their approach to the development of strategy, against only 20% of those at companies with a formal process.”

Of course, not all planning is equal. Planning just for the sake of planning doesn’t have the desired effects. As McKinsey itself noted in their study, “Just 45% of the respondents said they were satisfied with the strategic planning process. Moreover, only 23% indicated that major strategic decisions were made within its confines. Given these results, managers might well be tempted to jettison the planning process altogether.” As such, entrepreneurs and business managers should take the time and effort required to put together a well-written and well-researched business plan. Later in the article, I outline some of the elements of a well-written plan.

Business Plans and Their Financial Models Are Valuable to Angels and Venture Capitalists

Many entrepreneurs will eventually need to raise outside capital to grow and develop their businesses. In my experience, a business plan is a crucial tool in maximizing the chances of raising money from external investors. A well-written plan not only helps investors understand your business and your vision, but also shows them that you’ve taken the time to carefully assess and think through the issues your business will face, as well as the more detailed questions surrounding the economics and fundamentals of your business model.

Nathan Beckford, CFA, is the CEO of FounderSuite, the funding stack used by startups in Y Combinator, TechStars, 500s, and more to raise over $750 million. Nathan illustrates the above point nicely in an email he wrote to me recently: “Prior to starting Foundersuite.com, I ran a startup consulting business called VentureArchetypes.com. For the first few years, our primary business was cranking out bold, bullish, beautifully-written business plans for startups to present to investors. Around the mid-2000s, business plans started to go out of favor as the ‘Lean Startup’ methodology became popular. Instead of a written plan, we saw a huge uptick in demand for detailed financial models. Bottom line, I still see value in taking time to be contemplative and strategic before launching a startup. Does that need to be in the form of a 40-page written document? No. But if that’s the format that best works for you, and it can help you model scenarios and ‘see around the corner’ then that’s valuable.”

Nathan and I have frequently interacted, as I maintain a subscription to FounderSuite, software I use when running capital campaigns for early-stage companies on whose boards I sit, or when raising capital for my own firm’s investment projects. Nathan’s feedback is helpful, as he frequently interacts with thousands of entrepreneurs simultaneously running capital campaigns, providing him with a great perspective on which approaches work and which don’t. Clearly, he sees that financial models and business plans in some form help entrepreneurs raise capital.

Companies Who Complete Business Plans Are 2.5x as Likely to Get Funded

Following the section above, naturally, if business plans are useful to outside investors, these are therefore likely to also increase one’s chances of successfully raising capital. A study by Palo Alto Software confirms this hypothesis. The study showed that although 65% of entrepreneurs had NOT completed business plans, the ones who had were twice as likely to have secured funding for their businesses.

This study surveyed 2,877 entrepreneurs. Of those, 995 had completed business plans, with 297 of them (30%) having secured loans, 280 of them (28%) having secured investment capital, and 499 of them (50%) having grown their businesses. Contrast these percentages with the results for the 1,882 entrepreneurs who had not completed business plans, where just 222 of them (12%) had secured loans, 219 of them (12%) had secured investment capital, and 501 of them (27%) had grown their businesses. (Note that the percentages among the business plan population sum to over 100% because of some overlap between each of the sub-categories.) These results led the study authors to conclude that “Except in a small number of cases, business planning appeared to be positively correlated with business success as measured by our variables. While our analysis cannot say that completing a business plan will lead to success, it does indicate that the type of entrepreneur who completes a business plan is also more likely to run a successful business.”

Calculating the Return on Investment for Business Planning

The data and studies outlined above all serve to prove something that I have come to understand very clearly throughout my career. Nevertheless, I still often find that startups struggle with the idea of having to put together a business plan, and in particular with the option of hiring an outside professional to help them do that. As such, I quantified the ROI of such an activity, using data and numbers based on my many years of business consulting. The results of the exercise are summarized in the table at the end of the section, but there are two overarching conclusions:

• Even a small-scale early-stage company can “afford” to pay a finance expert $191 per hour both to create a business plan and to guide the capital raising process, at worst “breaking even” on the investment.
• Larger early-stage companies can expect significant returns on investments in business planning, perhaps as much as 6,700% (67x the amount of money invested).

Diving into the analysis, my inputs included:

• My professional experience with writing business plans. I have spent 25 - 200 hours apiece creating business plans I feel comfortable sharing with founders, advisors, and investors.
• Data from the Palo Alto study discussed earlier in this article. This study showed that 30% of early-stage ventures with business plans had secured funding, 2.5x as great as the 12% of early-stage ventures without business plans who managed to secure funding despite the absence of such plans.
• The hourly rate for a finance expert x (150 to 200 hours) for one round of financing, OR
• 10% of the amount of capital targeted

My analysis illustrates the following:

• Early-stage companies should expect to spend $4,000 - $40,000 on business planning, including the financial modeling associated with it.
• Early-stage companies should expect to spend $30,000 - $200,000 for an initial round of financing between $250,000 and $2 million in size, resulting in net financing of $200,000 - $1.8 million.
• Even if a small-scale early-stage venture seeking just $250,000 in capital spent almost $40,000 on business planning and another almost $40,000 on capital raising, it should still expect to “break even” on a probability-weighted basis. In other words, because the odds of success with a professional business plan are 2.5x greater than without one, small-scale early-stage ventures can justify such a significant investment. This also assumes NO additional odds for success from engaging a professional to coordinate the fundraising effort. I suspect that doing so may push the odds of success from 12% without a business plan and 30% with a business plan to above 50%. It is also likely that a smaller-scale venture may require significantly fewer hours for business planning and capital raising that what is outlined in the “worst case” below.
• Larger early-stage ventures enjoy extraordinary probability-weighted returns on investment from business planning. Because the target net capital so greatly exceeds the money spent on business planning, the prospective ROI is huge, and this analysis just assumes ONE round of equity financing. Most successful startups will experience several rounds of financing.

Thoughts on Writing an Excellent Business Plan

An extensive overview of how to write an excellent business plan is beyond the scope of this article. However, here are two key thoughts that have emerged from my years of experience with startups.

First, there are four common elements to an excellent business plan. In Alan Hall’s Forbes article, “ How to Build a Billion Dollar Business Plan: 10 Top Points ,” he interviews Thomas Harrison, Chairman of Diversified Agency Services, an Omnicom division that has purchased “a vast number of firms,” to share his views on the key elements of a great business plan. Although each of these ten elements is essential, I reorganized the list into four broad categories:

1. Company Overview

• An explanation of why your company is relevant and the need are you addressing
• A description of corporate priorities and the processes to achieve them.
• An overview of the various resources, including the people that will be needed, to deliver what’s expected by the customer.

2. Market Overview

• A description of the state of your market and its important trends.
• A detailed description of your customers.
• A description of your current competitors and their advantages. Which ones will you displace?

3. Product/Service Overview

• A description of your products, how they compete with other brands, and why they are needed.
• An explanation of why customers will pay a fair economic value for your product or service. This element is conspicuously absent from some of today’s most expensive unicorns. Companies such as Uber and Tesla are losing massive amounts of money on rapidly growing sales because these companies may not be selling their services/products for fair economic value. Of course, sales grow rapidly when customers can buy your services/products for far less than their fair economic values!

4. Financial Projections

• Conservative
• Each scenario should have realistic and achievable sales, margins, expenses, and profits on monthly, quarterly, and annual bases. Again, these elements appear to be conspicuously absent from some of today’s most expensive unicorns.

Second, written business plans are superior to those just “outlined.” As an adjunct professor of finance for Villanova University, I require my students to write research reports prior to developing slide decks to present their findings from a full semester of industry research. The process of writing forces the authors to ask themselves how they reached their conclusions and each of the sub-conclusions along the way because they must explain their logic to cynical readers. The written authors need to support their conclusions with facts and logic to prove that they are not “making it up” or relying upon popular “myths.” Outlined reports and outlined business plans are not generally subject to the same level of reader scrutiny. Therefore, written business plans are superior to those just “outlined.” Outlined plans are often kept on 10-12 slide decks, and the slide deck is an important tool in the capital raising process, but the written business plan that stands behind it will differentiate an entrepreneur from their seemingly infinite competition.

Parting Thoughts

Some argue that many public multi-billion-dollar companies such as Apple or Google never had formal business plans before they started, but this argument is flawed because most of these companies likely developed business plans either during the solicitation of venture capital or during the process of going public. Apple and Google were both funded with venture capital, and soliciting venture capital involves business planning. The founders of Apple and Google likely created financial projections and outlined strategic paths.

Moreover, Apple and Google are both public companies, and going public involves business planning. Underwriters employ research analysts creating financial forecasts based on business plans projected by management at the companies going public. Buy-side firms purchasing and holding shares in newly public companies create forecasts based upon the business plans projected by public company management teams.

Admittedly, you don’t need a written business plan to have a successful company. You may not even need a business plan at all to have a successful company. However, the probability of success without a business plan is much lower. Angels and venture capitalists like to know about your business plan, and public companies need to project business plans to persuade underwriters and investors to purchase their securities.

Further Reading on the Toptal Blog:

• Creating a Narrative from Numbers
• Business Plan Consultants: Who They Are and How They Create Value
• Building a Business Continuity Plan
• Building the Next Big Thing: A Guide to Business Idea Development
• Mission Statements: How Effectively Used Intangible Assets Create Corporate Value

Understanding the basics

Why it is important to have a business plan.

Expert opinions and numerous studies show that business plans improve corporate satisfaction, are useful for angel investors and venture capitalists, and increase a company’s chances of raising capital by 2.5x.

What are the benefits of a business plan?

Individuals who write business plans are 2.5x as likely to start businesses. Moreover, business planning improves corporate executive satisfaction with corporate strategy development. Finally, investors value business plans, making the chances of raising capital 2.5x greater.

What does an investor look for in a business plan?

The four key sections of a business plan are: the company overview, a market overview, your product/service overview, and the financial projections.

• BusinessPlan

Sean Heberling

Bryn Mawr, PA, United States

Member since October 18, 2017

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The importance of a business plan

Business plans are like road maps: it’s possible to travel without one, but that will only increase the odds of getting lost along the way.

Owners with a business plan see growth 30% faster than those without one, and 71% of the fast-growing companies have business plans . Before we get into the thick of it, let’s define and go over what a business plan actually is.

What is a business plan?

A business plan is a 15-20 page document that outlines how you will achieve your business objectives and includes information about your product, marketing strategies, and finances. You should create one when you’re starting a new business and keep updating it as your business grows.

Rather than putting yourself in a position where you may have to stop and ask for directions or even circle back and start over, small business owners often use business plans to help guide them. That’s because they help them see the bigger picture, plan ahead, make important decisions, and improve the overall likelihood of success. ‍

Why is a business plan important?

A well-written business plan is an important tool because it gives entrepreneurs and small business owners, as well as their employees, the ability to lay out their goals and track their progress as their business begins to grow. Business planning should be the first thing done when starting a new business. Business plans are also important for attracting investors so they can determine if your business is on the right path and worth putting money into.

Business plans typically include detailed information that can help improve your business’s chances of success, like:

• A market analysis : gathering information about factors and conditions that affect your industry
• Competitive analysis : evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of your competitors
• Customer segmentation : divide your customers into different groups based on specific characteristics to improve your marketing
• Marketing: using your research to advertise your business
• Logistics and operations plans : planning and executing the most efficient production process
• Cash flow projection : being prepared for how much money is going into and out of your business
• An overall path to long-term growth

10 reasons why you need a business plan

I know what you’re thinking: “Do I really need a business plan? It sounds like a lot of work, plus I heard they’re outdated and I like figuring things out as I go...”.

The answer is: yes, you really do need a business plan! As entrepreneur Kevin J. Donaldson said, “Going into business without a business plan is like going on a mountain trek without a map or GPS support—you’ll eventually get lost and starve! Though it may sound tedious and time-consuming, business plans are critical to starting your business and setting yourself up for success.

To outline the importance of business plans and make the process sound less daunting, here are 10 reasons why you need one for your small business.

1. To help you with critical decisions

The primary importance of a business plan is that they help you make better decisions. Entrepreneurship is often an endless exercise in decision making and crisis management. Sitting down and considering all the ramifications of any given decision is a luxury that small businesses can’t always afford. That’s where a business plan comes in.

Building a business plan allows you to determine the answer to some of the most critical business decisions ahead of time.

Creating a robust business plan is a forcing function—you have to sit down and think about major components of your business before you get started, like your marketing strategy and what products you’ll sell. You answer many tough questions before they arise. And thinking deeply about your core strategies can also help you understand how those decisions will impact your broader strategy.

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2. To iron out the kinks

Putting together a business plan requires entrepreneurs to ask themselves a lot of hard questions and take the time to come up with well-researched and insightful answers. Even if the document itself were to disappear as soon as it’s completed, the practice of writing it helps to articulate your vision in realistic terms and better determine if there are any gaps in your strategy.

3. To avoid the big mistakes

Only about half of small businesses are still around to celebrate their fifth birthday . While there are many reasons why small businesses fail, many of the most common are purposefully addressed in business plans.

According to data from CB Insights , some of the most common reasons businesses fail include:

• No market need : No one wants what you’re selling.
• Lack of capital : Cash flow issues or businesses simply run out of money.
• Inadequate team : This underscores the importance of hiring the right people to help you run your business.
• Stiff competition : It’s tough to generate a steady profit when you have a lot of competitors in your space.
• Pricing : Some entrepreneurs price their products or services too high or too low—both scenarios can be a recipe for disaster.

The exercise of creating a business plan can help you avoid these major mistakes. Whether it’s cash flow forecasts or a product-market fit analysis , every piece of a business plan can help spot some of those potentially critical mistakes before they arise. For example, don’t be afraid to scrap an idea you really loved if it turns out there’s no market need. Be honest with yourself!

Get a jumpstart on your business plan by creating your own cash flow projection .

4. To prove the viability of the business

Many businesses are created out of passion, and while passion can be a great motivator, it’s not a great proof point.

Planning out exactly how you’re going to turn that vision into a successful business is perhaps the most important step between concept and reality. Business plans can help you confirm that your grand idea makes sound business sense.

A critical component of your business plan is the market research section. Market research can offer deep insight into your customers, your competitors, and your chosen industry. Not only can it enlighten entrepreneurs who are starting up a new business, but it can also better inform existing businesses on activities like marketing, advertising, and releasing new products or services.

Want to prove there’s a market gap? Here’s how you can get started with market research.

5. To set better objectives and benchmarks

Without a business plan, objectives often become arbitrary, without much rhyme or reason behind them. Having a business plan can help make those benchmarks more intentional and consequential. They can also help keep you accountable to your long-term vision and strategy, and gain insights into how your strategy is (or isn’t) coming together over time.

6. To communicate objectives and benchmarks

Whether you’re managing a team of 100 or a team of two, you can’t always be there to make every decision yourself. Think of the business plan like a substitute teacher, ready to answer questions any time there’s an absence. Let your staff know that when in doubt, they can always consult the business plan to understand the next steps in the event that they can’t get an answer from you directly.

Sharing your business plan with team members also helps ensure that all members are aligned with what you’re doing, why, and share the same understanding of long-term objectives.

7. To provide a guide for service providers

Small businesses typically employ contractors , freelancers, and other professionals to help them with tasks like accounting , marketing, legal assistance, and as consultants. Having a business plan in place allows you to easily share relevant sections with those you rely on to support the organization, while ensuring everyone is on the same page.

8. To secure financing

Did you know you’re 2.5x more likely to get funded if you have a business plan?If you’re planning on pitching to venture capitalists, borrowing from a bank, or are considering selling your company in the future, you’re likely going to need a business plan. After all, anyone that’s interested in putting money into your company is going to want to know it’s in good hands and that it’s viable in the long run. Business plans are the most effective ways of proving that and are typically a requirement for anyone seeking outside financing.

Learn what you need to get a small business loan.

9. To better understand the broader landscape

No business is an island, and while you might have a strong handle on everything happening under your own roof, it’s equally important to understand the market terrain as well. Writing a business plan can go a long way in helping you better understand your competition and the market you’re operating in more broadly, illuminate consumer trends and preferences, potential disruptions and other insights that aren’t always plainly visible.

10. To reduce risk

Entrepreneurship is a risky business, but that risk becomes significantly more manageable once tested against a well-crafted business plan. Drawing up revenue and expense projections, devising logistics and operational plans, and understanding the market and competitive landscape can all help reduce the risk factor from an inherently precarious way to make a living. Having a business plan allows you to leave less up to chance, make better decisions, and enjoy the clearest possible view of the future of your company.

Understanding the importance of a business plan

Now that you have a solid grasp on the “why” behind business plans, you can confidently move forward with creating your own.

Remember that a business plan will grow and evolve along with your business, so it’s an important part of your whole journey—not just the beginning.

Related Posts

Now that you’ve read up on the purpose of a business plan, check out our guide to help you get started.

The information and tips shared on this blog are meant to be used as learning and personal development tools as you launch, run and grow your business. While a good place to start, these articles should not take the place of personalized advice from professionals. As our lawyers would say: “All content on Wave’s blog is intended for informational purposes only. It should not be considered legal or financial advice.” Additionally, Wave is the legal copyright holder of all materials on the blog, and others cannot re-use or publish it without our written consent.

Why Is a Business Plan Important? (+ How to Create One)

June 21st, 2022 |  Small Business Resources

A business plan is not something you create just for the sake of creating it—it’s a key factor in your company’s success. According to a SCORE survey , the next biggest source of support for small business owners just starting out—behind their friends and family—is having a solid business plan in place.

Aside box: What is a business plan?

A business plan is a written document that outlines what your business objectives are and how you will go about achieving them. Refresh your business plan regularly to reflect with your evolving business objectives.

Business plans can be both internal and external documents. If you’re looking to secure funding from an investor or get a loan from a bank, they will certainly want to evaluate your business plan first.

Why is this plan so important? Because entrepreneurship without a business plan is like traveling without a roadmap. You might reach your destination eventually without it, but the journey will be tough, if not impossible.

Know the location of your destination and what roads you’ll need to travel, and you’ll significantly increase your chances of success.

12 reasons why having a business plan is important

The process of creating your business plan encourages you to take a deep dive into every aspect of your company—helping you spot flaws and take steps to improve.

Beyond highlighting weaknesses, a strong business plan positively shapes a company’s reputation. It shows investors, partners, and even potential hires that your business is working toward clear objectives and is on a reliable growth path.

1. It helps confirm the viability of your business idea

The research that goes into creating your business plan will help you gauge whether your idea is a viable one. You’ll learn the size of your potential market, who your competitors are, who your target customers are, and what problem you’re solving for them.

With this information, you can evaluate your chances of creating a profitable and sustainable business.

2. It helps you make financial projections

According to CB Insights , almost 40% of startups ran out of cash or failed to raise new capital. Business plans require you to evaluate your current financials and projects in detail, so you can steer clear of draining your bank account.

3. It helps you protect your business from common risks

Very few companies and individuals are willing to work in any capacity with businesses that don’t protect their partners with professional liability policies. To form your business plan, you’ll need to learn about the business risks your company faces and put together an insurance plan that helps mitigate them.

4. It helps you form partnerships

Regardless of the type of partners you have—contractors, freelancers, vendors, manufacturers—you need to establish trust. Partners want to know the specifics of your proposed cooperation before they commit.

Successful partnerships depend on well-defined roles and responsibilities and clearly specified incentives and key performance indicators (KPIs).

Business plans clearly define what cooperation and success look like for partnerships, so external parties feel comfortable working with your company.

5. It helps you hire and retain top talent

You can’t hire good people if they don’t believe your business is viable. A business plan shows top talent that your company has potential and is a good place to work.

A clear business plan is also helpful when you’re seeking hiring advice from more experienced peers. Approaching them with a business plan in hand makes that process easier as well.

“Merely telling a friend or potential business mentor you’re aiming to start with ten employees, for example, is not an exceptionally detailed statement,” said Admir Salcinovic, co-founder and marketing manager of PriceListo . “Showing a business plan that outlines the exact duties, salaries, and expectations you have for employees gives far more information for people to provide advice about.”

6. It provides you with competitor analysis

Market analysis is one of the cornerstones of a business plan. This process involves identifying and researching your main competitors and their business models. This data can provide insights into how you should position your business on the market in order to be competitive and carve out a market share for yourself.

7. It helps you understand customer pain points

Along with highlighting competitors, your market research helps you pin down the problem you’re solving for customers and how you plan on helping them. This research often involves surveying customers to understand their pain points.

8. It helps you assemble the right executive team

According to CB Insights , 15% of new businesses failed because the team they had in place wasn’t right. A strong and experienced leadership team can help navigate the many bumps in the road that new business experience, like structural and personal problem solving, risk assessment, and dips in team morale.

Business plans must include a detailed analysis of your management—who they are, and what they bring to the table to evaluate your leadership internally and externally. Startups also commonly dedicate a section of their business plans to the type of culture they are looking to build.

9. It makes you more attractive to lenders/investors

Real talk—most investors and banks won’t even talk to you if you don’t have a business plan. Harvard Business Review research from 2017 showed that writing a business plan increases the chances of your team receiving funding, noting that having a business plan “builds legitimacy and confidence among investors that the entrepreneur is serious.” “When I went to banks to ask for loans, every one of them asked for my business plan,” said Marina Vaamonde, owner and founder of off-market house marketplace HouseCashin . “If I didn’t have mine ready at the time, I would have wasted time during a crucial growth phase of my business when I needed employees.”

Investors and banks will use your business plan to understand your revenue model, cash flow, and, most importantly, how you plan on using funding.

“No matter how great your idea, angel investors won’t invest without a formal business plan,” said Calloway Cook, president of Illuminate Labs . “It doesn’t need to be 50-pages long, but they want to see that you’ve done the work to validate your concept, both informally with customer interviews and formally with market research.”

Cook, whose team was able to raise a pre-seed round of slightly over $100,000, also recommends including directly sourced customer data in your business plan to attract investors.

“Get feedback from real users. This is what sways the minds of investors,” said Cook. “Anyone can create a hypothetical profitable scenario using market size and demographic information, but if investors can see real people interested in your product or service, they’ll be more likely to invest.”

10. It helps you create a marketing strategy

To form a business plan, you’ll need to research on customer demographics and preferences. This data can inform and strengthen your marketing and branding strategies—helping you target your ideal customer.

New companies often have a limited budget to work with and need to adopt strategies that can spark greater growth and cost less than traditional marketing channels. The market research you’re doing for your business plan makes it a perfect starting point for developing these strategies.

11. It helps you set your pricing

The market analysis you perform while writing your business plan will inform how you set your pricing. Your competitor pricing models, your cost of goods sold , and your break-even point are some of the valuable data points you’ll need to acquire to start shaping your pricing model and your sales strategy.

12. It helps you establish the right KPIs

You can’t report on the progress of your business without first establishing what metrics are important to track.

Business plans show what metrics are important to track, given your financial projections, sales goals, marketing plans, and budgets. When you know which metrics to track, everyone in your organization can report on the progress of your business.

KPIs are not just financial goals. They can include trackable data like customer count, the quality of customer service (first response time, customer service satisfaction), and staff-related data like attendance, quality of work, retention, and satisfaction levels.

How to write a business plan: What are the core components?

To provide a big-picture view of vital company insights that gives both your team and third parties an easy way to gauge your financial health and projected growth, a good business plan must include the following components:

Executive summary

The executive summary serves as a high-level synopsis of your business plan—like the Cliff Notes for a book. It gives a general overview of the topics that your business plan will cover.

An executive summary should always be fairly brief. But when presenting your plan to third parties, it’s also important to write a summary that’s compelling enough to intrigue them and make them want to read on.

Even though this summary appears first in a business plan, we recommend writing this section last. That way, you’ll be familiar enough with all of the business plan’s main sections to be able to write a concise and accurate summary to kick it off.

Business summary

The business summary covers how the products and services your company offers serve the market. This section of your business plan should focus on your value proposition—defining what pain points you solve for your customers and how.

Explain what differentiates your brand from competitors by showing customer reviews and listing success stories and accomplishments. Readers of the business summary should come away from it convinced that your business is a viable one.

It’s also a good idea to wait until you’ve written the market analysis section before writing this section. Your business summary should consist of condensed takeaways sourced from market research.

Market analysis

This component of your business plan answers questions about the market in which your company is competing, such as:

• How big are your target market segments?
• Where does your business fit within these segments?
• Who are the main competitors?
• Who are your customers?

Performing market research is difficult work, especially for less experienced business owners. If you have the funds to do so, hiring a market research/competitive analysis agency to perform the analysis for you is definitely worth it.

The good news is that there are plenty of available resources for those who want to perform their own research, especially online, such as:

• U.S. census data tools : These tools and free industry research reports can help you determine your market size and gain insight into potential customer demographics data.
• Statista : One of the best research data websites, Statista covers hundreds of industries, constantly performing market research and providing hard business data. The website also uses graphs and charts to make their data more understandable for those who might be new to market research.
• Google Trends : Google Trends can help you understand what potential customers are most interested in, allowing you to see into the minds of consumers and audiences. The tool offers robust filter options to create detailed reports about what the trending stories and most searched terms are in a particular demographic.

If you’d rather find mentors and learn about your market through personal interactions, you can look to join local business organizations such as your local chamber of commerce , the National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) , or Business Network International (BNI) .

Your market research helps you nail down your ideal customer segments. Uncover key customer demographics: where they live, how much money they make, how old they are, what their level of education is, what their buying habits look like, and more.

Market analysis will help you uncover who your direct competitors are, what their strengths and weakness are, and how your offer differs from theirs.

“Going in blind, without understanding who my competitors were, as well as their core strengths and weaknesses, would have decimated any chances of me establishing a worthwhile competitive strategy,” said Lisa Richards, CEO of the health website the Candida Diet . “Knowing who my competition was made it possible for me to develop a differentiation strategy that set me apart from them in terms of brand perception, allowing me to capture a large share of the market from the very beginning,” she added.

Marketing and sales plan

Along with identifying your target market, a business plan should outline how you plan on reaching this audience and selling your product or service to them.

This section of your business plan should detail your branding and marketing strategy. You should also cover any promotional strategies you plan to implement and a description of the current and future strategic partnerships you plan on installing. For example, if your business sells homemade soap, you could list the brick-and-mortar and online shops you plan on partnering with to increase the reach of your sales.

It should also include pricing strategy—the methodology and process behind how you plan on setting prices for your product or services. Set your prices too low, and you could struggle to turn a profit. Set the price too high, and customers could turn to your more affordable competition.

“After creating our initial business plan, we immediately saw how our business is not profitable enough given the current pricing ranges we have and the target market,” said Sherry Morgan, founder of animal content hub Petsolino . “After further investigation, we found out the holes in our initial plan. From there, we adjusted our pricing and selling strategies.”

The management-related part of your business plan should explain your company hierarchy and introduce your business’s leaders by providing information about their professional backgrounds, education, and achievements.

If you’ve received funding, be sure to highlight your investors, shareholders, and any professional advisors. If you have imminent hiring needs within management, detail them in this section.

Financial plan

The three statements that are integral to your financial plan section are your cash flow statement, income statement, and balance sheet. You should include a short explanation or analysis of all three in your business plan. Don’t hesitate to ask for expert help here, especially if you don’t currently have an in-house accountant.

This section of your business plan is particularly important if you’re looking to attract potential investors or you want to take out a business loan. If that’s the case, in addition to the three mandatory financial statements, you must also provide a detailed list of what you need the money for (marketing, equipment, labor expenses, insurance costs, rent, etc.).

As you grow, your financial plan will help you develop a model for tracking your income and expenses that will enable you to allocate your resources more effectively.

Revisit and revise your business plan regularly

Business plans are never set in stone. They must evolve and change as your business grows and reaches new milestones. Set a regular review schedule to revisit your business plan and tweak it when necessary.

“Creating and evaluating your business plan on a regular basis is a wonderful approach to identify weaknesses, gaps, and assumptions you’ve made to establish contingency plans,” said Matthew Paxton, founder and owner of gaming website Hypernia .

As you make adjustments, don’t hesitate to pick the brains of more experienced business people and mentors to gain different perspectives on areas of improvement for your business plan.

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What Is a Business Plan? Definition and Planning Essentials Explained

Posted february 21, 2022 by kody wirth.

What is a business plan? It’s the roadmap for your business. The outline of your goals, objectives, and the steps you’ll take to get there. It describes the structure of your organization, how it operates, as well as the financial expectations and actual performance. 

A business plan can help you explore ideas, successfully start a business, manage operations, and pursue growth. In short, a business plan is a lot of different things. It’s more than just a stack of paper and can be one of your most effective tools as a business owner. 

Let’s explore the basics of business planning, the structure of a traditional plan, your planning options, and how you can use your plan to succeed. 

What is a business plan?

A business plan is a document that explains how your business operates. It summarizes your business structure, objectives, milestones, and financial performance. Again, it’s a guide that helps you, and anyone else, better understand how your business will succeed.  

Why do you need a business plan?

The primary purpose of a business plan is to help you understand the direction of your business and the steps it will take to get there. Having a solid business plan can help you grow up to 30% faster and according to our own 2021 Small Business research working on a business plan increases confidence regarding business health—even in the midst of a crisis. 

These benefits are directly connected to how writing a business plan makes you more informed and better prepares you for entrepreneurship. It helps you reduce risk and avoid pursuing potentially poor ideas. You’ll also be able to more easily uncover your business’s potential. By regularly returning to your plan you can understand what parts of your strategy are working and those that are not.

That just scratches the surface for why having a plan is valuable. Check out our full write-up for fifteen more reasons why you need a business plan .  

What can you do with your plan?

So what can you do with a business plan once you’ve created it? It can be all too easy to write a plan and just let it be. Here are just a few ways you can leverage your plan to benefit your business.

Test an idea

Writing a plan isn’t just for those that are ready to start a business. It’s just as valuable for those that have an idea and want to determine if it’s actually possible or not. By writing a plan to explore the validity of an idea, you are working through the process of understanding what it would take to be successful. 

The market and competitive research alone can tell you a lot about your idea. Is the marketplace too crowded? Is the solution you have in mind not really needed? Add in the exploration of milestones, potential expenses, and the sales needed to attain profitability and you can paint a pretty clear picture of the potential of your business.

Document your strategy and goals

For those starting or managing a business understanding where you’re going and how you’re going to get there are vital. Writing your plan helps you do that. It ensures that you are considering all aspects of your business, know what milestones you need to hit, and can effectively make adjustments if that doesn’t happen. 

With a plan in place, you’ll have an idea of where you want your business to go as well as how you’ve performed in the past. This alone better prepares you to take on challenges, review what you’ve done before, and make the right adjustments.

Pursue funding

Even if you do not intend to pursue funding right away, having a business plan will prepare you for it. It will ensure that you have all of the information necessary to submit a loan application and pitch to investors. So, rather than scrambling to gather documentation and write a cohesive plan once it’s relevant, you can instead keep your plan up-to-date and attempt to attain funding. Just add a use of funds report to your financial plan and you’ll be ready to go.

The benefits of having a plan don’t stop there. You can then use your business plan to help you manage the funding you receive. You’ll not only be able to easily track and forecast how you’ll use your funds but easily report on how it’s been used. 

Better manage your business

A solid business plan isn’t meant to be something you do once and forget about. Instead, it should be a useful tool that you can regularly use to analyze performance, make strategic decisions, and anticipate future scenarios. It’s a document that you should regularly update and adjust as you go to better fit the actual state of your business.

Doing so makes it easier to understand what’s working and what’s not. It helps you understand if you’re truly reaching your goals or if you need to make further adjustments. Having your plan in place makes that process quicker, more informative, and leaves you with far more time to actually spend running your business.

What should your business plan include?

The content and structure of your business plan should include anything that will help you use it effectively. That being said, there are some key elements that you should cover and that investors will expect to see. 

Executive summary

The executive summary is a simple overview of your business and your overall plan. It should serve as a standalone document that provides enough detail for anyone—including yourself, team members, or investors—to fully understand your business strategy. Make sure to cover the problem you’re solving, a description of your product or service, your target market, organizational structure, a financial summary, and any necessary funding requirements.

This will be the first part of your plan but it’s easiest to write it after you’ve created your full plan.

Products & Services

When describing your products or services, you need to start by outlining the problem you’re solving and why what you offer is valuable. This is where you’ll also address current competition in the market and any competitive advantages your products or services bring to the table. Lastly, be sure to outline the steps or milestones that you’ll need to hit to successfully launch your business. If you’ve already hit some initial milestones, like taking pre-orders or early funding, be sure to include it here to further prove the validity of your business. 

Market analysis

A market analysis is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the current market you’re entering or competing in. It helps you understand the overall state and potential of the industry, who your ideal customers are, the positioning of your competition, and how you intend to position your own business. This helps you better explore the long-term trends of the market, what challenges to expect, and how you will need to initially introduce and even price your products or services.

Check out our full guide for how to conduct a market analysis in just four easy steps .  

Marketing & sales

Here you detail how you intend to reach your target market. This includes your sales activities, general pricing plan, and the beginnings of your marketing strategy. If you have any branding elements, sample marketing campaigns, or messaging available—this is the place to add it. 

Additionally, it may be wise to include a SWOT analysis that demonstrates your business or specific product/service position. This will showcase how you intend to leverage sales and marketing channels to deal with competitive threats and take advantage of any opportunities.

Check out our full write-up to learn how to create a cohesive marketing strategy for your business. 

Organization & management

This section addresses the legal structure of your business, your current team, and any gaps that need to be filled. Depending on your business type and longevity, you’ll also need to include your location, ownership information, and business history. Basically, add any information that helps explain your organizational structure and how you operate. This section is particularly important for pitching to investors but should be included even if attempted funding is not in your immediate future.

Financial projections

Possibly the most important piece of your plan, your financials section is vital for showcasing the viability of your business. It also helps you establish a baseline to measure against and makes it easier to make ongoing strategic decisions as your business grows. This may seem complex on the surface, but it can be far easier than you think. 

Focus on building solid forecasts, keep your categories simple, and lean on assumptions. You can always return to this section to add more details and refine your financial statements as you operate. 

Here are the statements you should include in your financial plan:

• Sales and revenue projections
• Profit and loss statement
• Cash flow statement
• Balance sheet

The appendix is where you add additional detail, documentation, or extended notes that support the other sections of your plan. Don’t worry about adding this section at first and only add documentation that you think will be beneficial for anyone reading your plan.

Types of business plans explained

While all business plans cover similar categories, the style and function fully depend on how you intend to use your plan. So, to get the most out of your plan, it’s best to find a format that suits your needs. Here are a few common business plan types worth considering. 

Traditional business plan

The tried-and-true traditional business plan is a formal document meant to be used for external purposes. Typically this is the type of plan you’ll need when applying for funding or pitching to investors. It can also be used when training or hiring employees, working with vendors, or any other situation where the full details of your business must be understood by another individual. 

This type of business plan follows the outline above and can be anywhere from 10-50 pages depending on the amount of detail included, the complexity of your business, and what you include in your appendix. We recommend only starting with this business plan format if you plan to immediately pursue funding and already have a solid handle on your business information. 

Business model canvas

The business model canvas is a one-page template designed to demystify the business planning process. It removes the need for a traditional, copy-heavy business plan, in favor of a single-page outline that can help you and outside parties better explore your business idea. 

The structure ditches a linear structure in favor of a cell-based template. It encourages you to build connections between every element of your business. It’s faster to write out and update, and much easier for you, your team, and anyone else to visualize your business operations. This is really best for those exploring their business idea for the first time, but keep in mind that it can be difficult to actually validate your idea this way as well as adapt it into a full plan.

One-page business plan

The true middle ground between the business model canvas and a traditional business plan is the one-page business plan. This format is a simplified version of the traditional plan that focuses on the core aspects of your business. It basically serves as a beefed-up pitch document and can be finished as quickly as the business model canvas.

By starting with a one-page plan, you give yourself a minimal document to build from. You’ll typically stick with bullet points and single sentences making it much easier to elaborate or expand sections into a longer-form business plan. This plan type is useful for those exploring ideas, needing to validate their business model, or who need an internal plan to help them run and manage their business.

Now, the option that we here at LivePlan recommend is the Lean Plan . This is less of a specific document type and more of a methodology. It takes the simplicity and styling of the one-page business plan and turns it into a process for you to continuously plan, test, review, refine, and take action based on performance.

It holds all of the benefits of the single-page plan, including the potential to complete it in as little as 27-minutes . However, it’s even easier to convert into a full plan thanks to how heavily it’s tied to your financials. The overall goal of Lean Planning isn’t to just produce documents that you use once and shelve. Instead, the Lean Planning process helps you build a healthier company that thrives in times of growth and stable through times of crisis.

It’s faster, keeps your plan concise, and ensures that your plan is always up-to-date.

Try the LivePlan Method for Lean Business Planning

Now that you know the basics of business planning, it’s time to get started. Again we recommend leveraging a Lean Plan for a faster, easier, and far more useful planning process. 

To get familiar with the Lean Plan format, you can download our free Lean Plan template . However, if you want to elevate your ability to create and use your lean plan even further, you may want to explore LivePlan. 

It features step-by-step guidance that ensures you cover everything necessary while reducing the time spent on formatting and presenting. You’ll also gain access to financial forecasting tools that propel you through the process. Finally, it will transform your plan into a management tool that will help you easily compare your forecasts to your actual results. 

Check out how LivePlan streamlines Lean Planning by downloading our Kickstart Your Business ebook .

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What is a Business Plan and Why is it Important?

What is a business plan.

Whether you’re starting a small business or exploring ways to expand an existing one, a business plan is an important tool to help guide your decisions. Think of it as a roadmap to success, providing greater clarity on all aspects of your business, from marketing and finance to operations and product/service details.

While some owners may be tempted to jump directly into startup mode, writing a business plan is a crucial first step for budding entrepreneurs to check the viability of a business before investing too much time or money. The purpose of a business plan is to help articulate a strategy for starting your business. It also provides insight on steps to be taken, resources required for achieving your business goals and a timeline of anticipated results.

In fact, businesses that plan grow 30% faster than those that don’t. 1

For existing small businesses, a business plan should be updated annually as a way to guide growth and navigate the expansion into new markets.

Studies show that nearly 71% of the fastest-growing businesses have business plans, indicating that even existing businesses can benefit from updating their plans. 2

Your plan should include explicit objectives for hiring new employees , market analysis, financial projections, and potential investors. The objectives should indicate how they’ll help your business prosper and grow.

Building an asset management business plan

Committing resources to capital improvements and new assets such as computers, software or cars/trucks is never an easy decision for budget-conscious small business owners. But a business plan can bring clarity to the process of whether to buy or lease and help determine the optimal amount allocated to those assets. A good business plan can also help you decide if it’s feasible to take on additional office, retail or work space.

Creating a marketing strategy

Marketing and market potential are important aspects of a plan for aspiring small businesses.

Getting your business in front of customers on a consistent basis is one of the keys to ensuring your business not only stays afloat but also thrives.

Marketing strategies can be simple, but before you decide on how you will get the word out, getting clear on your target audience and why your business solves their problem can make sticking to your marketing plan easier.

Knowing your unique market positioning can help you determine your messaging. Your marketing strategy should include who your target audience is, the platforms or methods you will connect with them on, and a measurement framework to determine if your efforts are working.

Take entrepreneur Scott Sultzer, who opened Sandwich Joint restaurant in downtown Los Angeles in 2009. “I included the potential marketing demographic of all those who lived in a certain area of the city,” he said of his marketing strategy. “My goal was to capture a certain percentage of all those people who lived and worked nearby.” 4

Created primarily as a marketing tool, Sulzer’s 10-page plan included such topics as target market breakdown, marketing strategy and market penetration. “My business plan was mostly about market projections,” he said. “How are we going to get those people that lead to an increase in our daily sales? And how are we going to reach them to let them know we’re here?” 4

Depending on your business, it’s important to have both brick-and-mortar marketing strategies as well as a plan for marketing your business online .

Seeking investment for your business

In addition to providing a roadmap for progress and a marketing plan , your business plan could also be important in securing funding .

Whether you’re seeking a credit line from a bank or an influx of capital from investors, a business plan that answers questions about profitability and revenue generation can make the difference between whether someone decides to invest – or how much they might choose to invest.

In fact, a study showed that businesses with a plan were more likely to receive formal financial support, such as funding, than businesses without one. 3

Hiring the right talent

A business plan may also be needed to retain other professional services as well, such as attorneys, landlords, consultants or accountants. Sulzer used his business plan to secure a lease.

“I had to have a viable document that they could trust,” said Sulzer, who leased from one of the largest landowners in downtown Los Angeles. 4

“With a corporate landlord, they wouldn’t deal with me unless I had a business plan. I had to submit all my information and a plan that presented what I wanted to do, with financial breakdowns and percentages, demographics, and how I was going to get customers.” 4

For a small business to succeed, attracting talented workers and partners is of vital importance. A part of a business plan for hiring employees is to help bring in the right talent, from the executive level to skilled staff, by showing them the direction and growth potential of the business. It can also help secure vendor accounts, especially with exclusive suppliers.

Setting business plan objectives for management

Finally, a business plan can be important in providing structure and management objectives to a small business. It can become a reference tool to keep management on track with sales targets and operational milestones. When used properly and consulted regularly, it can help you measure and manage what you’re working so hard to create.

Ready to take the next step? Learn how to write a business plan .

Don’t forget to consider insurance coverage in your business plan. When the unexpected happens, you want to make sure your small business is covered. Customized insurance solutions are crucial to protecting and keeping your operation going.

Find out how small business insurance from Nationwide can help you build and protect your business whether you are just starting up or already established.

1 https://www.effectuation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/The-Multiple-Effects-of-Business-Planning-onNew-Venture-Performance-1.pdf , Accessed October 2021. 2 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/0447-2778.00006 , Accessed October 2021. 3 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13504851.2014.967377 , Accessed October 2021. 4 Nationwide Interview with Scott Sultzer, 2016.

Disclaimer: The information included is designed for informational purposes only. It is not legal, tax, financial or any other sort of advice, nor is it a substitute for such advice. The information may not apply to your specific situation. We have tried to make sure the information is accurate, but it could be outdated or even inaccurate in parts. It is the reader’s responsibility to comply with any applicable local, state, or federal regulations. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, its affiliates and their employees make no warranties about the information nor guarantee of results, and they assume no liability in connection with the information provided. Nationwide, Nationwide is on your side, and the Nationwide N and Eagle are services marks of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company. © 2021 Nationwide.

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What Is a Business Plan?

Understanding business plans, how to write a business plan, common elements of a business plan, how often should a business plan be updated, the bottom line, business plan: what it is, what's included, and how to write one.

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and behavioral finance. Adam received his master's in economics from The New School for Social Research and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in sociology. He is a CFA charterholder as well as holding FINRA Series 7, 55 & 63 licenses. He currently researches and teaches economic sociology and the social studies of finance at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

A business plan is a document that details a company's goals and how it intends to achieve them. Business plans can be of benefit to both startups and well-established companies. For startups, a business plan can be essential for winning over potential lenders and investors. Established businesses can find one useful for staying on track and not losing sight of their goals. This article explains what an effective business plan needs to include and how to write one.

Key Takeaways

• A business plan is a document describing a company's business activities and how it plans to achieve its goals.
• Startup companies use business plans to get off the ground and attract outside investors.
• For established companies, a business plan can help keep the executive team focused on and working toward the company's short- and long-term objectives.
• There is no single format that a business plan must follow, but there are certain key elements that most companies will want to include.

Investopedia / Ryan Oakley

Any new business should have a business plan in place prior to beginning operations. In fact, banks and venture capital firms often want to see a business plan before they'll consider making a loan or providing capital to new businesses.

Even if a business isn't looking to raise additional money, a business plan can help it focus on its goals. A 2017 Harvard Business Review article reported that, "Entrepreneurs who write formal plans are 16% more likely to achieve viability than the otherwise identical nonplanning entrepreneurs."

Ideally, a business plan should be reviewed and updated periodically to reflect any goals that have been achieved or that may have changed. An established business that has decided to move in a new direction might create an entirely new business plan for itself.

There are numerous benefits to creating (and sticking to) a well-conceived business plan. These include being able to think through ideas before investing too much money in them and highlighting any potential obstacles to success. A company might also share its business plan with trusted outsiders to get their objective feedback. In addition, a business plan can help keep a company's executive team on the same page about strategic action items and priorities.

Business plans, even among competitors in the same industry, are rarely identical. However, they often have some of the same basic elements, as we describe below.

While it's a good idea to provide as much detail as necessary, it's also important that a business plan be concise enough to hold a reader's attention to the end.

While there are any number of templates that you can use to write a business plan, it's best to try to avoid producing a generic-looking one. Let your plan reflect the unique personality of your business.

Many business plans use some combination of the sections below, with varying levels of detail, depending on the company.

The length of a business plan can vary greatly from business to business. Regardless, it's best to fit the basic information into a 15- to 25-page document. Other crucial elements that take up a lot of space—such as applications for patents—can be referenced in the main document and attached as appendices.

These are some of the most common elements in many business plans:

• Executive summary: This section introduces the company and includes its mission statement along with relevant information about the company's leadership, employees, operations, and locations.
• Products and services: Here, the company should describe the products and services it offers or plans to introduce. That might include details on pricing, product lifespan, and unique benefits to the consumer. Other factors that could go into this section include production and manufacturing processes, any relevant patents the company may have, as well as proprietary technology . Information about research and development (R&D) can also be included here.
• Market analysis: A company needs to have a good handle on the current state of its industry and the existing competition. This section should explain where the company fits in, what types of customers it plans to target, and how easy or difficult it may be to take market share from incumbents.
• Marketing strategy: This section can describe how the company plans to attract and keep customers, including any anticipated advertising and marketing campaigns. It should also describe the distribution channel or channels it will use to get its products or services to consumers.
• Financial plans and projections: Established businesses can include financial statements, balance sheets, and other relevant financial information. New businesses can provide financial targets and estimates for the first few years. Your plan might also include any funding requests you're making.

The best business plans aren't generic ones created from easily accessed templates. A company should aim to entice readers with a plan that demonstrates its uniqueness and potential for success.

2 Types of Business Plans

Business plans can take many forms, but they are sometimes divided into two basic categories: traditional and lean startup. According to the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) , the traditional business plan is the more common of the two.

• Traditional business plans : These plans tend to be much longer than lean startup plans and contain considerably more detail. As a result they require more work on the part of the business, but they can also be more persuasive (and reassuring) to potential investors.
• Lean startup business plans : These use an abbreviated structure that highlights key elements. These business plans are short—as short as one page—and provide only the most basic detail. If a company wants to use this kind of plan, it should be prepared to provide more detail if an investor or a lender requests it.

Why Do Business Plans Fail?

A business plan is not a surefire recipe for success. The plan may have been unrealistic in its assumptions and projections to begin with. Markets and the overall economy might change in ways that couldn't have been foreseen. A competitor might introduce a revolutionary new product or service. All of this calls for building some flexibility into your plan, so you can pivot to a new course if needed.

How frequently a business plan needs to be revised will depend on the nature of the business. A well-established business might want to review its plan once a year and make changes if necessary. A new or fast-growing business in a fiercely competitive market might want to revise it more often, such as quarterly.

What Does a Lean Startup Business Plan Include?

The lean startup business plan is an option when a company prefers to give a quick explanation of its business. For example, a brand-new company may feel that it doesn't have a lot of information to provide yet.

Sections can include: a value proposition ; the company's major activities and advantages; resources such as staff, intellectual property, and capital; a list of partnerships; customer segments; and revenue sources.

A business plan can be useful to companies of all kinds. But as a company grows and the world around it changes, so too should its business plan. So don't think of your business plan as carved in granite but as a living document designed to evolve with your business.

Harvard Business Review. " Research: Writing a Business Plan Makes Your Startup More Likely to Succeed ."

U.S. Small Business Administration. " Write Your Business Plan ."

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What is a Business Plan? Definition and Resources

9 min. read

Updated April 8, 2024

If you’ve ever jotted down a business idea on a napkin with a few tasks you need to accomplish, you’ve written a business plan — or at least the very basic components of one.

The origin of formal business plans is murky. But they certainly go back centuries. And when you consider that 20% of new businesses fail in year 1 , and half fail within 5 years, the importance of thorough planning and research should be clear.

But just what is a business plan? And what’s required to move from a series of ideas to a formal plan? Here we’ll answer that question and explain why you need one to be a successful business owner.

• What is a business plan?

A business plan lays out a strategic roadmap for any new or growing business.

Any entrepreneur with a great idea for a business needs to conduct market research , analyze their competitors , validate their idea by talking to potential customers, and define their unique value proposition .

The business plan captures that opportunity you see for your company: it describes your product or service and business model , and the target market you’ll serve. 

It also includes details on how you’ll execute your plan: how you’ll price and market your solution and your financial projections .

Reasons for writing a business plan

If you’re asking yourself, ‘Do I really need to write a business plan?’ consider this fact: 

Companies that commit to planning grow 30% faster than those that don’t.

Creating a business plan is crucial for businesses of any size or stage. 

If you plan to raise funds for your business through a traditional bank loan or SBA loan , none of them will want to move forward without seeing your business plan. Venture capital firms may or may not ask for one, but you’ll still need to do thorough planning to create a pitch that makes them want to invest.

But it’s more than just a means of getting your business funded . The plan is also your roadmap to identify and address potential risks. 

It’s not a one-time document. Your business plan is a living guide to ensure your business stays on course.

Related: 14 of the top reasons why you need a business plan

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What research shows about business plans

Numerous studies have established that planning improves business performance:

• 71% of fast-growing companies have business plans that include budgets, sales goals, and marketing and sales strategies.
• Companies that clearly define their value proposition are more successful than those that can’t.
• Companies or startups with a business plan are more likely to get funding than those without one.
• Starting the business planning process before investing in marketing reduces the likelihood of business failure.

The planning process significantly impacts business growth for existing companies and startups alike.

Read More: Research-backed reasons why writing a business plan matters

When should you write a business plan?

No two business plans are alike. 

Yet there are similar questions for anyone considering writing a plan to answer. One basic but important question is when to start writing it.

A Harvard Business Review study found that the ideal time to write a business plan is between 6 and 12 months after deciding to start a business. 

But the reality can be more nuanced – it depends on the stage a business is in, or the type of business plan being written.

Ideal times to write a business plan include:

• When you have an idea for a business
• When you’re starting a business
• When you’re preparing to buy (or sell)
• When you’re trying to get funding
• When business conditions change
• When you’re growing or scaling your business

Read More: The best times to write or update your business plan

How often should you update your business plan?

As is often the case, how often a business plan should be updated depends on your circumstances.

A business plan isn’t a homework assignment to complete and forget about. At the same time, no one wants to get so bogged down in the details that they lose sight of day-to-day goals. 

But it should cover new opportunities and threats that a business owner surfaces, and incorporate feedback they get from customers. So it can’t be a static document.

For an entrepreneur at the ideation stage, writing and checking back on their business plan will help them determine if they can turn that idea into a profitable business .

And for owners of up-and-running businesses, updating the plan (or rewriting it) will help them respond to market shifts they wouldn’t be prepared for otherwise. 

It also lets them compare their forecasts and budgets to actual financial results. This invaluable process surfaces where a business might be out-performing expectations and where weak performance may require a prompt strategy change. 

The planning process is what uncovers those insights.

Related Reading: 10 prompts to help you write a business plan with AI

• How long should your business plan be?

Thinking about a business plan strictly in terms of page length can risk overlooking more important factors, like the level of detail or clarity in the plan. 

Not all of the plan consists of writing – there are also financial tables, graphs, and product illustrations to include.

But there are a few general rules to consider about a plan’s length:

• Your business plan shouldn’t take more than 15 minutes to skim.
• Business plans for internal use (not for a bank loan or outside investment) can be as short as 5 to 10 pages.

A good practice is to write your business plan to match the expectations of your audience. 

If you’re walking into a bank looking for a loan, your plan should match the formal, professional style that a loan officer would expect . But if you’re writing it for stakeholders on your own team—shorter and less formal (even just a few pages) could be the better way to go.

The length of your plan may also depend on the stage your business is in. 

For instance, a startup plan won’t have nearly as much financial information to include as a plan written for an established company will.

Read More: How long should your business plan be?  

What information is included in a business plan?

The contents of a plan business plan will vary depending on the industry the business is in. 

After all, someone opening a new restaurant will have different customers, inventory needs, and marketing tactics to consider than someone bringing a new medical device to the market. 

But there are some common elements that most business plans include:

• Executive summary: An overview of the business operation, strategy, and goals. The executive summary should be written last, despite being the first thing anyone will read.
• Products and services: A description of the solution that a business is bringing to the market, emphasizing how it solves the problem customers are facing.
• Market analysis: An examination of the demographic and psychographic attributes of likely customers, resulting in the profile of an ideal customer for the business.
• Competitive analysis: Documenting the competitors a business will face in the market, and their strengths and weaknesses relative to those competitors.
• Marketing and sales plan: Summarizing a business’s tactics to position their product or service favorably in the market, attract customers, and generate revenue.
• Operational plan: Detailing the requirements to run the business day-to-day, including staffing, equipment, inventory, and facility needs.
• Organization and management structure: A listing of the departments and position breakdown of the business, as well as descriptions of the backgrounds and qualifications of the leadership team.
• Key milestones: Laying out the key dates that a business is projected to reach certain milestones , such as revenue, break-even, or customer acquisition goals.
• Financial plan: Balance sheets, cash flow forecast , and sales and expense forecasts with forward-looking financial projections, listing assumptions and potential risks that could affect the accuracy of the plan.
• Appendix: All of the supporting information that doesn’t fit into specific sections of the business plan, such as data and charts.

Read More: Use this business plan outline to organize your plan

• Different types of business plans

A business plan isn’t a one-size-fits-all document. There are numerous ways to create an effective business plan that fits entrepreneurs’ or established business owners’ needs. 

Here are a few of the most common types of business plans for small businesses:

• One-page plan : Outlining all of the most important information about a business into an adaptable one-page plan.
• Growth plan : An ongoing business management plan that ensures business tactics and strategies are aligned as a business scales up.
• Internal plan : A shorter version of a full business plan to be shared with internal stakeholders – ideal for established companies considering strategic shifts.

Business plan vs. operational plan vs. strategic plan

• What questions are you trying to answer? 
• Are you trying to lay out a plan for the actual running of your business?
• Is your focus on how you will meet short or long-term goals? 

Since your objective will ultimately inform your plan, you need to know what you’re trying to accomplish before you start writing.

While a business plan provides the foundation for a business, other types of plans support this guiding document.

An operational plan sets short-term goals for the business by laying out where it plans to focus energy and investments and when it plans to hit key milestones.

Then there is the strategic plan , which examines longer-range opportunities for the business, and how to meet those larger goals over time.

Read More: How to use a business plan for strategic development and operations

• Business plan vs. business model

If a business plan describes the tactics an entrepreneur will use to succeed in the market, then the business model represents how they will make money. 

The difference may seem subtle, but it’s important. 

Think of a business plan as the roadmap for how to exploit market opportunities and reach a state of sustainable growth. By contrast, the business model lays out how a business will operate and what it will look like once it has reached that growth phase.

Learn More: The differences between a business model and business plan

• Moving from idea to business plan

Now that you understand what a business plan is, the next step is to start writing your business plan . 

If you’re stuck, start with a one-page business plan template and check out our collection of over 550 business plan examples for inspiration. They’re broken out over dozens of industries—you can even copy and paste sections into your plan and rewrite them with information specific to your business.

See why 1.2 million entrepreneurs have written their business plans with LivePlan

Tim Berry is the founder and chairman of Palo Alto Software , a co-founder of Borland International, and a recognized expert in business planning. He has an MBA from Stanford and degrees with honors from the University of Oregon and the University of Notre Dame. Today, Tim dedicates most of his time to blogging, teaching and evangelizing for business planning.

Table of Contents

• Reasons to write a business plan
• Business planning research
• When to write a business plan
• When to update a business plan
• Information to include
• Business vs. operational vs. strategic plans

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What is a Business Plan? Definition, Tips, and Templates

Published: June 07, 2023

In an era where more than 20% of small enterprises fail in their first year, having a clear, defined, and well-thought-out business plan is a crucial first step for setting up a business for long-term success.

Business plans are a required tool for all entrepreneurs, business owners, business acquirers, and even business school students. But … what exactly is a business plan?

In this post, we'll explain what a business plan is, the reasons why you'd need one, identify different types of business plans, and what you should include in yours.

What is a business plan?

A business plan is a documented strategy for a business that highlights its goals and its plans for achieving them. It outlines a company's go-to-market plan, financial projections, market research, business purpose, and mission statement. Key staff who are responsible for achieving the goals may also be included in the business plan along with a timeline.

The business plan is an undeniably critical component to getting any company off the ground. It's key to securing financing, documenting your business model, outlining your financial projections, and turning that nugget of a business idea into a reality.

What is a business plan used for?

The purpose of a business plan is three-fold: It summarizes the organization’s strategy in order to execute it long term, secures financing from investors, and helps forecast future business demands.

Business Plan Template [ Download Now ]

Working on your business plan? Try using our Business Plan Template . Pre-filled with the sections a great business plan needs, the template will give aspiring entrepreneurs a feel for what a business plan is, what should be in it, and how it can be used to establish and grow a business from the ground up.

Purposes of a Business Plan

Chances are, someone drafting a business plan will be doing so for one or more of the following reasons:

1. Securing financing from investors.

Since its contents revolve around how businesses succeed, break even, and turn a profit, a business plan is used as a tool for sourcing capital. This document is an entrepreneur's way of showing potential investors or lenders how their capital will be put to work and how it will help the business thrive.

All banks, investors, and venture capital firms will want to see a business plan before handing over their money, and investors typically expect a 10% ROI or more from the capital they invest in a business.

Therefore, these investors need to know if — and when — they'll be making their money back (and then some). Additionally, they'll want to read about the process and strategy for how the business will reach those financial goals, which is where the context provided by sales, marketing, and operations plans come into play.

2. Documenting a company's strategy and goals.

A business plan should leave no stone unturned.

Business plans can span dozens or even hundreds of pages, affording their drafters the opportunity to explain what a business' goals are and how the business will achieve them.

To show potential investors that they've addressed every question and thought through every possible scenario, entrepreneurs should thoroughly explain their marketing, sales, and operations strategies — from acquiring a physical location for the business to explaining a tactical approach for marketing penetration.

These explanations should ultimately lead to a business' break-even point supported by a sales forecast and financial projections, with the business plan writer being able to speak to the why behind anything outlined in the plan.

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Fill out the form to access your free business plan., 3. legitimizing a business idea..

Everyone's got a great idea for a company — until they put pen to paper and realize that it's not exactly feasible.

A business plan is an aspiring entrepreneur's way to prove that a business idea is actually worth pursuing.

As entrepreneurs document their go-to-market process, capital needs, and expected return on investment, entrepreneurs likely come across a few hiccups that will make them second guess their strategies and metrics — and that's exactly what the business plan is for.

It ensures an entrepreneur's ducks are in a row before bringing their business idea to the world and reassures the readers that whoever wrote the plan is serious about the idea, having put hours into thinking of the business idea, fleshing out growth tactics, and calculating financial projections.

4. Getting an A in your business class.

Speaking from personal experience, there's a chance you're here to get business plan ideas for your Business 101 class project.

If that's the case, might we suggest checking out this post on How to Write a Business Plan — providing a section-by-section guide on creating your plan?

What does a business plan need to include?

• Business Plan Subtitle
• Executive Summary
• Company Description
• The Business Opportunity
• Competitive Analysis
• Target Market
• Marketing Plan
• Financial Summary
• Funding Requirements

1. Business Plan Subtitle

Every great business plan starts with a captivating title and subtitle. You’ll want to make it clear that the document is, in fact, a business plan, but the subtitle can help tell the story of your business in just a short sentence.

2. Executive Summary

Although this is the last part of the business plan that you’ll write, it’s the first section (and maybe the only section) that stakeholders will read. The executive summary of a business plan sets the stage for the rest of the document. It includes your company’s mission or vision statement, value proposition, and long-term goals.

3. Company Description

This brief part of your business plan will detail your business name, years in operation, key offerings, and positioning statement. You might even add core values or a short history of the company. The company description’s role in a business plan is to introduce your business to the reader in a compelling and concise way.

4. The Business Opportunity

The business opportunity should convince investors that your organization meets the needs of the market in a way that no other company can. This section explains the specific problem your business solves within the marketplace and how it solves them. It will include your value proposition as well as some high-level information about your target market.

5. Competitive Analysis

Just about every industry has more than one player in the market. Even if your business owns the majority of the market share in your industry or your business concept is the first of its kind, you still have competition. In the competitive analysis section, you’ll take an objective look at the industry landscape to determine where your business fits. A SWOT analysis is an organized way to format this section.

6. Target Market

Who are the core customers of your business and why? The target market portion of your business plan outlines this in detail. The target market should explain the demographics, psychographics, behavioristics, and geographics of the ideal customer.

7. Marketing Plan

Marketing is expansive, and it’ll be tempting to cover every type of marketing possible, but a brief overview of how you’ll market your unique value proposition to your target audience, followed by a tactical plan will suffice.

Think broadly and narrow down from there: Will you focus on a slow-and-steady play where you make an upfront investment in organic customer acquisition? Or will you generate lots of quick customers using a pay-to-play advertising strategy? This kind of information should guide the marketing plan section of your business plan.

8. Financial Summary

Money doesn’t grow on trees and even the most digital, sustainable businesses have expenses. Outlining a financial summary of where your business is currently and where you’d like it to be in the future will substantiate this section. Consider including any monetary information that will give potential investors a glimpse into the financial health of your business. Assets, liabilities, expenses, debt, investments, revenue, and more are all useful adds here.

So, you’ve outlined some great goals, the business opportunity is valid, and the industry is ready for what you have to offer. Who’s responsible for turning all this high-level talk into results? The "team" section of your business plan answers that question by providing an overview of the roles responsible for each goal. Don’t worry if you don’t have every team member on board yet, knowing what roles to hire for is helpful as you seek funding from investors.

10. Funding Requirements

Remember that one of the goals of a business plan is to secure funding from investors, so you’ll need to include funding requirements you’d like them to fulfill. The amount your business needs, for what reasons, and for how long will meet the requirement for this section.

Types of Business Plans

• Startup Business Plan
• Feasibility Business Plan
• Internal Business Plan
• Strategic Business Plan
• Business Acquisition Plan
• Business Repositioning Plan
• Expansion or Growth Business Plan

There’s no one size fits all business plan as there are several types of businesses in the market today. From startups with just one founder to historic household names that need to stay competitive, every type of business needs a business plan that’s tailored to its needs. Below are a few of the most common types of business plans.

For even more examples, check out these sample business plans to help you write your own .

1. Startup Business Plan

As one of the most common types of business plans, a startup business plan is for new business ideas. This plan lays the foundation for the eventual success of a business.

The biggest challenge with the startup business plan is that it’s written completely from scratch. Startup business plans often reference existing industry data. They also explain unique business strategies and go-to-market plans.

Because startup business plans expand on an original idea, the contents will vary by the top priority goals.

For example, say a startup is looking for funding. If capital is a priority, this business plan might focus more on financial projections than marketing or company culture.

2. Feasibility Business Plan

This type of business plan focuses on a single essential aspect of the business — the product or service. It may be part of a startup business plan or a standalone plan for an existing organization. This comprehensive plan may include:

• A detailed product description
• Market analysis
• Technology needs
• Production needs
• Financial sources
• Production operations

According to CBInsights research, 35% of startups fail because of a lack of market need. Another 10% fail because of mistimed products.

Some businesses will complete a feasibility study to explore ideas and narrow product plans to the best choice. They conduct these studies before completing the feasibility business plan. Then the feasibility plan centers on that one product or service.

3. Internal Business Plan

Internal business plans help leaders communicate company goals, strategy, and performance. This helps the business align and work toward objectives more effectively.

Besides the typical elements in a startup business plan, an internal business plan may also include:

• Department-specific budgets
• Target demographic analysis
• Market size and share of voice analysis
• Action plans
• Sustainability plans

Most external-facing business plans focus on raising capital and support for a business. But an internal business plan helps keep the business mission consistent in the face of change.

4. Strategic Business Plan

Strategic business plans focus on long-term objectives for your business. They usually cover the first three to five years of operations. This is different from the typical startup business plan which focuses on the first one to three years. The audience for this plan is also primarily internal stakeholders.

These types of business plans may include:

• Relevant data and analysis
• Assessments of company resources
• Vision and mission statements

It's important to remember that, while many businesses create a strategic plan before launching, some business owners just jump in. So, this business plan can add value by outlining how your business plans to reach specific goals. This type of planning can also help a business anticipate future challenges.

5. Business Acquisition Plan

Investors use business plans to acquire existing businesses, too — not just new businesses.

A business acquisition plan may include costs, schedules, or management requirements. This data will come from an acquisition strategy.

A business plan for an existing company will explain:

• How an acquisition will change its operating model
• What will stay the same under new ownership
• Why things will change or stay the same
• Acquisition planning documentation
• Timelines for acquisition

Additionally, the business plan should speak to the current state of the business and why it's up for sale.

For example, if someone is purchasing a failing business, the business plan should explain why the business is being purchased. It should also include:

• What the new owner will do to turn the business around
• Historic business metrics
• Sales projections after the acquisition
• Justification for those projections

6. Business Repositioning Plan

When a business wants to avoid acquisition, reposition its brand, or try something new, CEOs or owners will develop a business repositioning plan.

This plan will:

• Acknowledge the current state of the company.
• State a vision for the future of the company.
• Explain why the business needs to reposition itself.
• Outline a process for how the company will adjust.

Companies planning for a business reposition often do so — proactively or retroactively — due to a shift in market trends and customer needs.

For example, shoe brand AllBirds plans to refocus its brand on core customers and shift its go-to-market strategy. These decisions are a reaction to lackluster sales following product changes and other missteps.

7. Expansion or Growth Business Plan

When your business is ready to expand, a growth business plan creates a useful structure for reaching specific targets.

For example, a successful business expanding into another location can use a growth business plan. This is because it may also mean the business needs to focus on a new target market or generate more capital.

This type of plan usually covers the next year or two of growth. It often references current sales, revenue, and successes. It may also include:

• SWOT analysis
• Growth opportunity studies
• Financial goals and plans
• Marketing plans
• Capability planning

These types of business plans will vary by business, but they can help businesses quickly rally around new priorities to drive growth.

Getting Started With Your Business Plan

At the end of the day, a business plan is simply an explanation of a business idea and why it will be successful. The more detail and thought you put into it, the more successful your plan — and the business it outlines — will be.

When writing your business plan, you’ll benefit from extensive research, feedback from your team or board of directors, and a solid template to organize your thoughts. If you need one of these, download HubSpot's Free Business Plan Template below to get started.

Editor's note: This post was originally published in August 2020 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

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What is Business Plan? Importance, Setting Goals & Objective, Process, Format, Fails

• Post last modified: 14 March 2024
• Reading time: 27 mins read
• Post category: Entrepreneurship

What is Business Plan?

A business plan is an operating document that describes the dream of an entrepreneur with the objectives and plans to achieve them. A business plan shows the viability of the business idea from every aspect. A business plan is a crucial document that is utilized by both the company’s external and internal audiences.

A business plan seeks investment and it is reviewed and revised regularly to see whether goals are accomplished. A fresh business plan is sometimes written for an existing company that has opted to take a different path.

Table of Content

• 1 What is Business Plan?
• 2 Importance of Business Plan
• 3.1 Business Goals Vs. Business Objectives
• 3.2 How to Set Short-term Business Goals?
• 4.1.1 Determine Your Strategic Position
• 4.1.2 Prioritise Objectives
• 4.1.3 Develop a Plan
• 4.1.4 Execute and Manage the Plan
• 4.1.5 Review and Revise the Plan
• 5.1 Section 1: Executive Summary
• 5.2 Section 2: Industry Overview
• 5.3 Section 3: Market Analysis and Competition
• 5.4 Section 4: Sales and Marketing Plan
• 5.5 Section 5: Management Plan
• 5.6 Section 6: Operating Plan
• 5.7 Section 7: Financial Plan
• 5.8 Section 8: Appendices and Exhibits
• 6.1 Lack of planning
• 6.2 Leadership failure
• 6.3 No differentiation
• 6.4 Ignoring customer needs
• 6.5 Inability to learn from failure
• 6.6 Poor management
• 6.7 Lack of capital
• 6.8 Premature scaling
• 6.9 Poor location
• 6.10 Lack of profit

Importance of Business Plan

Let us discuss the importance of a business plan.

• It explains the vision and goals of the founder.
• It acts as a guide for the new entrepreneur.
• It serves as a blueprint for a company’s overall operation. Sales, expenditures, periods, and strategic direction can all be used to gauge a company’s success and progress.
• It may also assist an entrepreneur or management in identifying and focusing on possible areas both inside and outside the organization. Proposed remedies and contingency plans can be integrated into the company’s strategy once potentially difficult areas have been identified.
• It covers the marketing opportunities and future funding requirements, which demand managerial attention.
• In certain cases when an entrepreneur decides to transform a cherished pastime into a home-based business, the business plan can be as short as a one- or two-page document. A company’s proposal with substantial intricacy and financial ramifications, on the other hand, should have a far more detailed plan.

Setting Goals and Objectives

Business objectives are an important component of creating priorities and positioning an organization for long-term success. Setting company goals and developing separate targets to assist in achieving each goal will considerably improve the capacity to attain those goals. Here, we look at how to define company goals, the distinction between business goals and objectives, and examples of short- and long-term business goals.

Business objectives may be defined for a whole organization as well as specific departments, employees, managers, and clients. Goals are usually used to symbolize a company’s wider purpose and provide an end goal for personnel to work toward. Business objectives may not need to be precise or have well-defined activities. Business objectives, on the other hand, are broad results that a company aims to attain.

Business objectives are measures taken to achieve a company’s larger goals that are clearly stated and quantifiable. Objectives are particular and they are simple to establish and track. To fulfill their business objectives, companies must set objectives.

Business Goals Vs. Business Objectives

The distinction between business goals and business objectives is as follows:

• Business objectives establish the “how” of a company’s purpose, whereas business goals define the “what.”
• Business objectives specify concrete tasks, whereas business goals often merely give a broad direction for a firm to pursue.
• Business objectives are usually measurable, whereas business goals are not.
• Business objectives are more detailed, whereas business goals are more wide and inclusive.
• Business objectives are usually time-bound, whereas business goals are not.

How to Set Short-term Business Goals?

Short-term business objectives are those that you wish to attain in the next few weeks or months for a firm. When it comes to short-term business goals, you may take the following steps:

• Recognize the Short-term Business Goals of the Company for A Set period : In this step, short-term objectives of the company are established so that the set objective can be accomplished in a specific time frame. Many short-term goals are secondary to the fulfillment of long-term objectives. Consider your long-term objectives as well as what you want to achieve in the coming weeks or months and turn them into short-term objectives that will help your company grow.
• Break Goals Into Actionable Business Objectives: Here, management breaks the goals into specific targets. These goals should be represented by the measures an organization will take to achieve them. For example, the target for Kalyani is to convert 5 leads and get 5 new customers for the business within the next 2 months, objectives will be the job or work done for getting 5 customers’ such as placing a new advertisement in the newspaper, social media and posting three times a week on YouTube and Instagram.
• Objectives Should Be Measurable: The established business goals should be quantifiable or measurable. For example, if an employee has the short-term goal of posting an advertisement or banner on social media then, do not assign responsibility to him/her by just saying “post more and more on social media”. Instead, give him/her a per-day target to make it quantifiable or measurable. For example “Post on Instagram three times a week and Facebook two times a week for eight weeks,”.
• Goal-related Tasks Must Be Assigned to Employees: Once the objectives for each short-term goal have been determined, assign each one to an individual or team of employees who will see it through to completion.
• Check and Keep a Record of Performance regularly: Measure your short-term goals’ progress regularly to verify you are on pace to fulfill them within the timeframe you set. Measure any additional customer/potential customer contact you receive as a result of increasing your social media postings to three times a week as part of a business objective. Keep track of progress and, if necessary, change your targets to better fulfill your objectives.

Process of Writing the Business Plan

Every company should have a strategic plan, but you might be surprised by the number of companies that try to function without one (or at least one that is well expressed). According to Strategy research, 86 percent of executive teams spend less than one hour per month discussing strategy, while 95 percent of the average worker has no idea what their company’s strategy is. Because so many firms fail in these areas, strategic planning can help you get ahead of the game.

The strategic planning process is more comprehensive; it aids in the creation of a roadmap for which strategic objectives you should focus on and which projects will be less beneficial to the company. The phases of the strategic planning process are listed below.

Strategic Planning Process

Determine your strategic position.

This phase of preparation sets the tone for the rest of the project. To figure out where you need to go and how you will get there, you must first figure out where you are. Include the appropriate stakeholders from the start, taking into account both the internal and the external sources.

Identify significant strategic concerns by speaking with corporate management, gathering consumer feedback, and gathering industry and market data to acquire a comprehensive picture of your position in the market and the thoughts of your customers.

It is better to write a good idea, purpose, and vision statement for the company to get a clear picture of what success looks like. Additionally, you should analyze your firm’s basic principles to remind yourself of how your organization will achieve these goals.

To begin, identify the challenges that need to be solved using industry and market data, including consumer insights and current/future requests. Create a list of your company’s internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external possibilities (ways your company may develop to meet requirements that the market doesn’t currently meet) and threats (your competition).

Use a SWOT diagram as a foundation for your initial analysis. You may easily classify your results as Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats or SWOT to define your present position with input from executives, customers, and external market data.

Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, and Technological or PEST is a strategic technique for identifying dangers and possibilities for your company.

Prioritise Objectives

After you have determined your present market position, you will need to set targets to assist you reach your objectives. Your goals should be in sync with the mission and vision of your firm.

Ask important questions to help you prioritize your goals, such as:

• Which of these measures will have the biggest impact on attaining our company’s mission/vision and strengthening our market position?
• What are the most critical sorts of effects (e.g., client acquisition vs. revenue)?
• What will the competition’s response be?
• Which projects are the most critical?
• What will we have to do to achieve our objectives?
• How will we track our progress and see if we have met our objectives?

To assist you in achieving your long-term strategic goals and activities stated in step one, objectives should be unique and quantifiable. Updated website content, improved email open rates and new leads in the pipeline are all possible goals.

SMART goals may help you set a schedule and identify the resources you will need to reach your objectives, as well as track your progress with key performance indicators or KPIs.

Develop a Plan

Now is the time to develop a strategic strategy for achieving your objectives. This phase entails deciding the techniques required to achieve your goals, as well as establishing a timeframe and communicating responsibilities.

Strategy maps, which work from the top down, make it straightforward to see company processes and find areas for development.

True strategic decisions generally entail a cost-of-opportunity trade-off. For example, your organization could opt to spend less money on customer service to put more money into producing an intuitive user experience. Prepare to say “no” to efforts that will not improve your long-term strategic position, based on your values, mission statement, and defined priorities.

Execute and Manage the Plan

You are now ready to put your strategy into action. To begin, share necessary material with the organization to convey the plan. After that, the real job begins. By mapping your processes, you can turn your overall strategy into a tangible plan.

To communicate team roles, use KPI dashboards. The completion process and ownership for each stage of the journey are depicted in this detailed method. Establish frequent evaluations with individual contributors and their supervisors, as well as check-in points, to ensure you stay on track.

Review and Revise the Plan

The plan’s last step, review, and revision, allows you to examine your goals and make course corrections based on past successes and failures. Determine the KPIs your team has met and how you can continue to fulfill them every quarter, changing your plan as needed.

It is critical to assess your goals and strategic position every year to ensure that you stay on course for long-term success. Balanced scorecards can help you keep track of your progress and achieve strategic goals by giving you a complete picture of your company’s performance.

Your goal and vision may need to evolve; an annual assessment is an excellent time to examine such changes, draft a new strategy, and re-implement it.

Typical Business Plan Format and Content

Here is a simple template that any company may use to create a business plan:

Section 1: Executive Summary

• Give an overview of the company’s mission.
• Describe the product and/or service offerings of the firm.
• Give a brief overview of the target market’s demographics.
• Explain how the firm will gain a piece of the available market by summarising the industry competition.
• Provide an overview of the operations strategy, including inventory, office and labor requirements, and equipment needs.

Section 2: Industry Overview

• Describe the company’s industry position.
• Describe the industry’s current competitiveness and significant players.
• Provide details on the industry in which the company will operate, projected revenues, industry trends, government influences, and the demographics of the target market.

Section 3: Market Analysis and Competition

• Define your target market, their requirements, and their location.
• Describe the market’s size, the number of units of the company’s products that potential consumers might buy, and any market changes that might occur as a result of broader economic developments.
• Give a summary of the projected sales volume in comparison to what your rivals sell.
• Give an outline of how the firm intends to compete with current competitors to achieve and maintain market share.

Section 4: Sales and Marketing Plan

• Describe the company’s items for sale as well as its unique selling proposition.
• List the many advertising outlets that the company will utilize to communicate with clients.
• Describe how the company intends to price its items so that it can earn a profit.
• Give specifics on how the company’s items will be delivered and shipped to the target market.

Section 5: Management Plan

• Describe the company’s organizational structure.
• Make a list of the company’s owners and their ownership percentages.
• Make a list of the top executives, their responsibilities, and their pay.
• List any internal and external professionals the organization intends to recruit, as well as their salaries.
• If available, include a list of the advisory board members.

Section 6: Operating Plan

• Describe the business’s location, including the need for an office and a warehouse.
• Describe the company’s workforce requirements. Outline the number of employees the firm need, their jobs, the skills training that will be required, and the length of time that each person will be with the organization (full-time or part-time).
• Describe the manufacturing process and how long one unit of a product will take to make.
• Describe equipment and machinery requirements, as well as whether the firm will lease or buy the equipment and machinery, as well as the estimated expenses.
• Provide a list of raw material needs, as well as how they will be procured and the primary vendors that will provide the necessary inputs.

Section 7: Financial Plan

• Include the projected income statement, projected cash flow statement, and projected balance sheet projection in your description of the company’s financial predictions.

Section 8: Appendices and Exhibits

• Lease quotes for buildings and machinery
• Plan for offices and warehouses that has been proposed
• An overview of the target market and market research
• The owners’ credit information
• Product and/or service list

Understand Why Business Plans Fail

The saddest aspect of a failing firm is that the owner is frequently completely oblivious to what is going on until it is too late. It makes sense because if the entrepreneur had truly understood what he/she was doing incorrectly, he/she may have been able to rescue the company.

The following is a list of some of the most common causes:

Lack of planning

Businesses fail due to a lack of both short- and long-term planning. The business strategy should address where a company will be in the coming months and years. Quantifiable objectives and outcomes and specific to-do lists with dates and deadlines will be included in the correct plan. Your business will suffer if you do not plan.

Leadership failure

Businesses collapse as a result of poor leadership. Leadership must be capable of making correct judgments the majority of the time. Leadership failures will affect all parts of your firm, from financial management to staff management. To develop their leadership qualities, the most successful entrepreneurs learn, research, and seek out mentors.

No differentiation

Having a fantastic product is not enough. You must also create a distinct value offer; otherwise, you will become lost in the crowd. What distinguishes your company from the competition? What distinguishes your company? Understanding what your rivals do better than you is critical. You won’t be able to develop a brand if you do not separate yourself.

Ignoring customer needs

Every company will tell you that a customer is number one, but only a small fraction of them do so. Failure causes businesses to lose contact with their customers. Keep an eye on your clients’ changing values. Check to see if they still enjoy your products. Are they looking for new features? Therefore, what exactly are they saying? Are you paying attention?

Inability to learn from failure

While we all know that failure is typically a terrible thing, businesses seldom learn from it. Realistically, businesses fail for a variety of reasons. Entrepreneurs are frequently blind to their errors. It is tough to learn from mistakes.

Poor management

Inability to listen, micro-managing – often known as a lack of trust – operating without standards or processes, poor communication, and a lack of feedback are all examples of poor management.

Lack of capital

This might prevent you from attracting investors. A lack of capital is a red flag. It indicates that a company may be unable to pay its payments, loans, and other financial obligations. Lack of finance makes it harder to expand the firm and puts day-to-day operations in jeopardy.

Premature scaling

Scaling is beneficial if done at the appropriate time. To put it another way, if you grow your firm too quickly, it will fail. You may, for example, be recruiting too many staff too rapidly or overspending on marketing. Do not expand your company unless you are ready.

Pets.com collapsed because it attempted to expand too quickly. They opened too many warehouses across the country too soon and it bankrupted them. Even their strong brand equity wasn’t enough to save them. Their stock dropped from $11 to $0.19 in a matter of months.

Poor location

Inconvenient location is a disadvantage that may be difficult to overcome. If your business relies on foot traffic, choosing the right location is crucial. Your client acquisition expenses may be excessively high due to a bad location.

Lack of profit

Revenue is not the same as profit. As an entrepreneur, you must always keep profitability in mind. Profit permits expansion. Only 40% of small firms are successful, 30% are breaking even and 30% are losing money, according to Small Business Trends.

• Pednekar, A. (2010). Entrepreneurship management. Himalaya Pub. House.
• Stutely, R. (2012). The definitive business plan. Pearson.

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