assign ip address variable shell script

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Script to set IP address connected to an interface to a shell variable

I want to write a script to set the IP address of the device connected to an interface like "eth0" to a variable. I can get the IP address by this command:

The output of above command is:

I want to add a script to .bashrc file to set the IP address from output of above command to the variable $RASPBERRY_IP and use it in other script. Any idea how to do that?

• command-line
• environment-variables

• Well the ip itself is easy enough to extract with awk. Why do you need an intermediate script ? Why not just get ip directly into the second script ? –  Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy Aug 11, 2015 at 9:03
• @Serg I don't have problem with getting the ip address directly into second script. The problem is that I'm still a beginner in shell scripts and awk command you mentioned. I need the script to extract the ip from output of arp command and use it in a script. Tnx. –  Mehrdad Aug 11, 2015 at 9:07

2 Answers 2

arp manipulates the entries in the kernel ARP cache, you are probably going to get a lot of entries (depends on the size of the LAN). As you are only interested in the IP addresses you should use the -n option so that arp shows numeric addresses instead of hostnames first.

Also you will typically get a lot of IP addresses depending the size of your LAN, so you should probably use an array instead of a variable to store the IP addresses.

The following command takes the IP addresses out of the arp cache and put them in array addrs :

Here is an example :

You can use sed too :

The IP addresses will be shown in the first column, we are extracting the first column by [0-9][^ ]* . ^[0-9] here is to ensure that the line starts with a numeric so the first line containing header is discarded from the output.

On a different note if you have only one entry you can save it in a variable instead :

• Enough, upvoted ;) –  A.B. Aug 11, 2015 at 10:04
• Good job , guys ! –  Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy Aug 11, 2015 at 14:24

Here is another idea using awk

or with a variable

To get a specific index without an array

To get the maximum value for idx

• Here you go.. :) –  heemayl Aug 11, 2015 at 10:06
• 1 :D @heemayl : You and A.B. are like children competing! Still a tie! –  Fabby Aug 11, 2015 at 20:20

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Get ip address and set as variable bash shell script [duplicate]

I am trying to write a bash script to configure an app (unattended install). All I need to do is this. I need to get the IP address for the server and set it as a variable. I am writing this script to simplify that. What I have noticed is that when I test this in a vps though eth0 is listed its not the default, its something along the lines of venet0:0. Is there any way of getting this ip set as a vaiable (I know how to if I know the interface name, i am trying to do this without knowing as its hard to plan for every possible device naming). if not then i will just add a prompt for the ip address for the user right as they run the script.

This is not a duplicate question as I am asking for the server's IP not just the public IP of the server. Even though this is aimed at building a public mail server I am building it to work on an internal one as well.

2 Answers 2

'The' IP address... servers have so many, default management, application, DB listener?

Does this do it for you?

• This worked Perfectly for me! thanks! I am a better PHP programmer than a shell scripter i swear! :) –  John Stapleton Apr 29, 2013 at 18:06
• This approach is quite nice on a server that was properly setup. However, it won't work until system administrator adds external IP address in /etc/hosts –  Danila Vershinin Sep 17, 2014 at 20:24
• However, note that on IPV6 enabled system, it returns IP V6. –  Danila Vershinin Sep 17, 2014 at 20:30

If you have one interface:

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Home > Bash Scripting Tutorial > Bash Scripting Basics > Bash Script Examples > How to Get IP Address in Bash [3 Methods]

How to Get IP Address in Bash [3 Methods]

IP address is crucial for configuring network settings on a device. A user may need the IP address in setting up network connections and troubleshooting network-related issues. There are many ways to get IP address using Bash script. In this article, I am going to talk about those.

Key Takeaways

• Finding device IP  address.
• Difference between public and private IP .
• Extracting different types of IP address.

Free Downloads

What is ip address.

IP address is a unique address for every device connected to the internet or in a local network. There are mainly two types of IP addresses. IPv4 , IPv6 . Both public and private IP addresses can exist within the space of  IPv4 or IPv6 . For example, an IPv4 address might look like 192.168.0.1 .

Public vs Private IP Address

Public and private IP addresses are two distinct types of addresses used in computer networks. Here’s a short overview.

• Public IP Address

A public IP address is globally unique and assigned to a device directly connected to the internet. It allows communication between devices on the internet and is routable across the public internet. Public IP addresses are obtained from Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and are registered with regional internet registries. They are visible to the public internet and can be used to access devices or services from anywhere on the internet.

• Private IP address

A private IP address is used within a local network (e.g., home network, office network) and is not directly reachable from the internet. It uniquely identifies devices within a private network and allows internal communication between devices. Private IP addresses are defined by private IP address ranges reserved for local network use, as specified by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in RFC 1918 . They are not directly accessible from the internet unless a mechanism like Network Address Translation (NAT) is used to translate between private and public IP addresses.

3 Methods to Get IP Address in Bash

There are multiple commands available in the Unix operating system that can extract the IP address. In the following methods, I am going to discuss five different ways to get the IP address of a device.

Method 1: Using the “hostname” Command to Get IP address

The hostname command is used to find the hostname of a device. However one may use the -i option to find the device IP address using this command.

Steps to Follow >

❶ At first, launch an Ubuntu Terminal .

❷ Write the following command to open a host.sh file in the built-in nano editor:

• nano : Opens a file in the Nano text editor.
• host.sh : Name of the file.

The provided Bash script retrieves the IP address of the machine and displays it. It does this by using the hostname -I command, which retrieves a list of IP addresses associated with the machine. The output of this command is then piped to the awk command , which prints the first field from the list. This selected IP address is assigned to the ip_address variable using command substitution. Finally, the script uses the echo command to display the IP address.

❹ Use the following command to make both file executable :

• chmod : Changes permissions.
• u+x : Giving the owner executing permission.
• host.sh : Name of the script.

❺ Run the host.sh script by the following command:

Method 2: Using the “ifconfig” Command to Get IP Address

Using the ifconfiq command in association with other commands can extract the IP addresses of a device. Look at the following script for a better understanding.

Scripts (ifcon.sh) >

The provided Bash script retrieves and displays the IP address of a specified network interface. By default, it finds both loopback and private IP of the device. The script uses the ifconfig command and to gather interface information and then employs awk to filter and extract the line containing the IP address . Finally, it echoes the interface name with the corresponding IP address .

Run the script by the following command:

Method 3: Using the “IP” Command to Get IP Address in Bash

ip is another command to find different network interfaces. In this method, I will show you how to get the loopback IP address of a device.

of specific ethernet interfaces(like eth0 , eth1 )

Scripts (ip.sh) >

The provided Bash script retrieves and displays the IP address of a specified network interface. By default, it finds the IP address of the loopback interface ( lo ). The script uses the ip addr show command to gather interface information and then employs awk to filter and extract the line containing the IP address . Finally, it echoes the interface name with corresponding IP address .

Comparative Analysis of Methods

Here is a comparative analysis between the above-discussed methods. Take a look at the analysis to determine which method suits your needs best.

In conclusion, there are commands for finding the IP address associated with a device. However, you must have a clear understanding of network interfaces and other network related topics to adroitly use those commands.

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How to change IP address using script on Windows?

I need fixed IP in three wireless networks I log in frequently.

It is a pain to set those IP and gateway everytime I change networks.

I am willing to write a script to change my IP and gateway between those 3 fixed IPs and a choice to make it get IP automatically (when I´m in another network).

A plus feature to my script would be if it could discover the wireless network I am logged in and decide the IP automatically.

Is it even possible?

• possible duplicate of How can I switch between multiple sets of network configurations on Windows XP? –  Breakthrough Nov 24, 2011 at 12:43

5 Answers 5

ipconfig /renew to get a new IP address or default gateway The NETSH command does this. check this .

See this example for setting DNS address manually via netsh command:

configure your NIC to dynamically obtain its DNS settings ( * Obtain DNS server address automatically ):

and to set the * Obtain an IP address automatically setting:

More info: read this Configure TCP/IP from the Command Prompt and How to change IP address from command prompt .

This is assuming 3 things.

1) The network adapter you're trying to change the IP for is "local area connection". It could also be "local area connection 2" or "wireless network connection". Look in your control panel for the correct name.

2) The IP you want to set is 192.168.0.101, change this to whatever IP to want to use.

3) The default gateway and dns are the same IP. If you are using some kind of router they usually are. Change this to match your network config found with the command ipconfig /all

Here is example of batch file that I have created for your problem solutions: just change the command after the con1: type labels

How to create batch file: paste this code in notepad and save it as "test.bat"

Note: Change your connection names "local area connection" to your "wireless connection" name

Hope this help you.. for more reference check this Set Your IP Address Via Batch File

• I get Adapter is not enabled for DHCP when trying ipconfig /renew "Wireless Network Connection" –  Hrvoje T Mar 28, 2018 at 8:10
• I used this netsh interface ip set address "Wireless Network Connection" dhcp and this for auto dns netsh interface ip set dns "Wireless Network Connection" dhcp –  Hrvoje T Mar 28, 2018 at 8:26
• 1 To set dns manualy, I had to use netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver "Wireless Network Connection" address=8.8.8.8 index=1 from here stackoverflow.com/questions/18620173/… –  Hrvoje T Mar 28, 2018 at 9:10

You can make a .bat script file that contains the configuration commands based on "netsh" command, for example :

This changes the IP address and Default Gateway: "netsh int ip set address "local area connection" static {192.168.0.101} 255.255.255.0 {192.168.0.254} 1" This changes DNS: "netsh int ip set dns "local area connection" static {192.168.0.254} primary"

I know this is very old thread but still it can be useful to many like me.

As per the op asked for WiFi, I have created a batch script for Wi-Fi. It will fetch current Wi-Fi connected and based on that set Static IP or DHCP.

Here is the script -

You should save this a batch file and run that batch file as %% in for command will not work in command prompt.

TIP: You can also add this in Task Scheduler with Trigger as below and Action with above batch path

In Windows 10 & 11, you can set the IP configuration as well as DHCP / Static settings for each Saved WiFi network also.

Run this on CMD as admin:

back to dhcp:

"Local Area Connection" can be different in your case

in this cmd how to set dns netsh interface ip set address name = "Local Area Connection" static 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

• As it’s currently written, your answer is unclear. Please edit to add additional details that will help others understand how this addresses the question asked. You can find more information on how to write good answers in the help center . –  Community Bot Nov 23, 2021 at 10:08

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Set-Net IPAddress

Modifies the configuration of an IP address.

Description

The Set-NetIPAddress cmdlet modifies IP address configuration properties of an existing IP address.

To create an IPv4 address or IPv6 address, use the New-NetIPAddress cmdlet.

Example 1: Modify an IP address

This command adds the IP address 192.168.0.1 to the interface located at index 12.

The PrefixLength parameter may also be specified as part of the Set-NetIPAddress cmdlet.

Example 2: Modify an IP address and set the valid lifetime

The first command creates a new TimeSpan object of one day, and stores it in the variable named $Timesp.

The second command then uses the TimeSpan object to set the preferred lifetime of the IP address located at interface 12 to one day.

-AddressFamily

Specifies an array of IP address families. The cmdlet modifies the IP address configuration that matches the families. The acceptable values for this parameter are:

-- IPv4 -- IPv6

-AddressState

Specifies an array of duplicate address detection (DAD) state values for the IP address. The acceptable values for this parameter are:

• Invalid. IP address configuration information for addresses that are not valid and will not be used.
• Tentative. IP address configuration information for addresses that are not used for communication, as the uniqueness of those IP addresses is being verified.
• Duplicate. IP address configuration information for addresses for which a duplicate IP address has been detected and the current IP address will not be used.
• Deprecated. IP address configuration information for addresses that will no longer be used to establish new connections, but will continue to be used with existing connections.
• Preferred. IP address configuration information for addresses that are valid and available for use.

Runs the cmdlet as a background job. Use this parameter to run commands that take a long time to complete.

-CimSession

Runs the cmdlet in a remote session or on a remote computer. Enter a computer name or a session object, such as the output of a New-CimSession or Get-CimSession cmdlet. The default is the current session on the local computer.

Prompts you for confirmation before running the cmdlet.

-IncludeAllCompartments

Indicates that the cmdlet includes addresses from all configured network compartments. If you do not specify this parameter, the cmdlet modifies only addresses in the default network compartment.

-InputObject

Specifies the input object that is used in a pipeline command.

-InterfaceAlias

Specifies an array of aliases of network interfaces. The cmdlet modifies IP addresses that match the aliases.

-InterfaceIndex

Specifies an array of indexes of network interfaces. The cmdlet modifies IP addresses that match the indexes.

Specifies an array of IPv4 or IPv6 addresses.

Returns an object representing the item with which you are working. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

-PolicyStore

Specifies a PolicyStore value. The acceptable values for this parameter are:

-- ActiveStore. The IP address information is valid. -- PersistentStore. The computer saves IP address information across restarts. When the computer restarts, it copies the saved settings to the ActiveStore.

The default value is ActiveStore. Specify ActiveStore only.

If you do not specify this parameter, the default entries are created in both the ActiveStore and the PersistentStore.

-PreferredLifetime

Specifies a preferred lifetime, as a TimeSpan object, for an IP address. To obtain a TimeSpan object, use the New-TimeSpan cmdlet.

-PrefixLength

Specifies a prefix length. This parameter defines the local subnet size, and is also known as a subnet mask.

-PrefixOrigin

ps_deprecate_para

-SkipAsSource

Indicates whether an address is a primary IP address. This parameter identifies the primary IP address for outgoing traffic in a multiple IP address scenario. If this parameter is set to True, the address is not used for outgoing traffic and is not registered in DNS.

-SuffixOrigin

Specifies an array of origins for address suffixes. IP addresses are divided into two parts, the prefix and the suffix. The address prefix identifies the network portion of an IP address, and the address suffix identifies the host portion. The acceptable values for this parameter are:

-- Manual. The IP address suffix was manually specified. -- WellKnown. The IP address suffix is from a well-known source. -- DHCP. The IP address suffix was provided by DHCP settings. -- Link. The IP address suffix was obtained from the link-layer address. -- Random. The IP address suffix was obtained from a random source.

-ThrottleLimit

Specifies the maximum number of concurrent operations that can be established to run the cmdlet. If this parameter is omitted or a value of 0 is entered, then Windows PowerShell® calculates an optimum throttle limit for the cmdlet based on the number of CIM cmdlets that are running on the computer. The throttle limit applies only to the current cmdlet, not to the session or to the computer.

Specifies an array of IP address types. The acceptable values for this parameter are:

-- Unicast -- Anycast

The default value is Unicast.

-ValidLifetime

Specifies a valid lifetime, as a TimeSpan object, for an IP address. To obtain a TimeSpan object, use the New-TimeSpan cmdlet.

Shows what would happen if the cmdlet runs. The cmdlet is not run.

CimInstance

The Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimInstance object is a wrapper class that displays Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) objects. The path after the pound sign ( # ) provides the namespace and class name for the underlying WMI object.

Related Links

• New-TimeSpan
• Get-NetIPAddress
• New-NetIPAddress
• Remove-NetIPAddress

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Additional resources

Change the hostname of your AL2 instance

When you launch an instance into a private VPC, Amazon EC2 assigns a guest OS hostname. The type of hostname that Amazon EC2 assigns depends on your subnet settings. For more information about EC2 hostnames, see Amazon EC2 instance hostname types in the Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances .

A typical Amazon EC2 private DNS name for an EC2 instance configured to use IP-based naming with an IPv4 address looks something like this: ip-12-34-56-78.us-west-2.compute.internal , where the name consists of the internal domain, the service (in this case, compute ), the region, and a form of the private IPv4 address. Part of this hostname is displayed at the shell prompt when you log into your instance (for example, ip-12-34-56-78 ). Each time you stop and restart your Amazon EC2 instance (unless you are using an Elastic IP address), the public IPv4 address changes, and so does your public DNS name, system hostname, and shell prompt.

This information applies to Amazon Linux. For information about other distributions, see their specific documentation.

Change the system hostname

If you have a public DNS name registered for the IP address of your instance (such as webserver.mydomain.com ), you can set the system hostname so your instance identifies itself as a part of that domain. This also changes the shell prompt so that it displays the first portion of this name instead of the hostname supplied by AWS (for example, ip-12-34-56-78 ). If you do not have a public DNS name registered, you can still change the hostname, but the process is a little different.

In order for your hostname update to persist, you must verify that the preserve_hostname cloud-init setting is set to true . You can run the following command to edit or add this setting:

If the preserve_hostname setting is not listed, add the following line of text to the end of the file:

To change the system hostname to a public DNS name

Follow this procedure if you already have a public DNS name registered.

For AL2: Use the hostnamectl command to set your hostname to reflect the fully qualified domain name (such as webserver.mydomain.com ).

For Amazon Linux AMI: On your instance, open the /etc/sysconfig/network configuration file in your favorite text editor and change the HOSTNAME entry to reflect the fully qualified domain name (such as webserver.mydomain.com ).

Reboot the instance to pick up the new hostname.

Alternatively, you can reboot using the Amazon EC2 console (on the Instances page, select the instance and choose Instance state , Reboot instance ).

Log into your instance and verify that the hostname has been updated. Your prompt should show the new hostname (up to the first ".") and the hostname command should show the fully-qualified domain name.

To change the system hostname without a public DNS name

For AL2: Use the hostnamectl command to set your hostname to reflect the desired system hostname (such as webserver ).

For Amazon Linux AMI: On your instance, open the /etc/sysconfig/network configuration file in your favorite text editor and change the HOSTNAME entry to reflect the desired system hostname (such as webserver ).

Open the /etc/hosts file in your favorite text editor and change the entry beginning with 127.0.0.1 to match the example below, substituting your own hostname.

You can also implement more programmatic solutions, such as specifying user data to configure your instance. If your instance is part of an Auto Scaling group, you can use lifecycle hooks to define user data. For more information, see Run commands on your Linux instance at launch and Lifecycle hook for instance launch in the AWS CloudFormation User Guide .

Change the shell prompt without affecting the hostname

If you do not want to modify the hostname for your instance, but you would like to have a more useful system name (such as webserver ) displayed than the private name supplied by AWS (for example, ip-12-34-56-78 ), you can edit the shell prompt configuration files to display your system nickname instead of the hostname.

To change the shell prompt to a host nickname

Create a file in /etc/profile.d that sets the environment variable called NICKNAME to the value you want in the shell prompt. For example, to set the system nickname to webserver , run the following command.

Open the /etc/bashrc (Red Hat) or /etc/bash.bashrc (Debian/Ubuntu) file in your favorite text editor (such as vim or nano ). You need to use sudo with the editor command because /etc/bashrc and /etc/bash.bashrc are owned by root .

Edit the file and change the shell prompt variable ( PS1 ) to display your nickname instead of the hostname. Find the following line that sets the shell prompt in /etc/bashrc or /etc/bash.bashrc (several surrounding lines are shown below for context; look for the line that starts with [ "$PS1" ):

Change the \h (the symbol for hostname ) in that line to the value of the NICKNAME variable.

(Optional) To set the title on shell windows to the new nickname, complete the following steps.

Create a file named /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-xterm .

Make the file executable using the following command.

Open the /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-xterm file in your favorite text editor (such as vim or nano ). You need to use sudo with the editor command because /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-xterm is owned by root .

Add the following line to the file.

Log out and then log back in to pick up the new nickname value.

Change the hostname on other Linux distributions

The procedures on this page are intended for use with Amazon Linux only. For more information about other Linux distributions, see their specific documentation and the following articles:

How do I assign a static hostname to a private Amazon EC2 instance running RHEL 7 or Centos 7?

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WordPress Auto Admin Account Creation and Reverse Shell cve-2024-27956 automates the process of creating a new administrator account in a WordPress site and executing a reverse shell on the target server. It utilizes the wp-automatic plugin's CSV injection vulnerability to execute SQL queries

AiGptCode/WordPress-Auto-Admin-Account-and-Reverse-Shell-cve-2024-27956

Folders and files, repository files navigation, wordpress admin account creation and reverse shell (cve-2024-27956).

This Python script automates the process of creating a new administrator account in a WordPress site and executing a reverse shell on the target server. It utilizes the wp-automatic plugin's CSV injection vulnerability to execute SQL queries on the WordPress database and gain administrative access.

update 🦹‍♀️

Nuclei template added, add some more methods for supporting massive attack targets, add multiple targets support, add auto find target by scanners base ip or txt file.

• Here are some more advanced examples of how you might use the script, assuming you have the proper authorization to test the target systems.

Scanning a subnet : If you want to scan a subnet for vulnerable WordPress installations, you can use the --subnet option. For example:

This command will scan the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet for WordPress sites with the vulnerable WP Automatic plugin, and attempt to exploit them using the provided listener settings.

Customizing the delay : The delay between requests can be adjusted using the --delay option. A higher delay may help avoid detection or rate limiting, while a lower delay can speed up the exploitation process. For example:

This command will use a delay of 2.5 seconds between requests.

Using a remote listener : If your listener is set up on a remote machine, you can specify its IP address and port using the --lhost and --lport options. For example:

This command will connect back to a listener on 192.168.1.100:8080 .

Increasing the number of threads : You can increase the number of threads used by the script with the --threads option. This can speed up the exploitation process, but may also increase the likelihood of detection or cause issues with rate limiting. For example:

This command will use 20 threads for exploitation.

Prerequisites

• requests library (install via pip install requests )
• Netcat (for setting up a listener to connect to the reverse shell)
• Replace the domain variable in the script with the URL of the target WordPress site.
• Run the Python script.
• Once the script is executed, it will create a new admin user named eviladmin , set the password, and assign administrative privileges.
• It will then upload and execute a reverse shell payload on the target server.
• Set up a netcat listener to connect to the reverse shell using the specified port.

Note: Ensure that you have proper authorization and permissions before running this script, as it can lead to security vulnerabilities and legal consequences if misused.

This script is provided for educational and testing purposes only. The author assumes no liability for any unauthorized or illegal use of this script. Use it at your own risk.

• Python 100.0%