business plan set up costs

Small Business Startup Costs Explained 

3 min. read

Updated March 4, 2024

What will it cost to start your business ? 

While every business is unique, there’s a common approach to helping you figure out what it’s going to take to get your business off the ground and sustain it as sales ramp up.

And, knowing the startup costs for your new business is critical before you launch. Underestimating the funds required could leave you without enough cash in the bank and heading towards failure before you even get started.

Read this guide and learn to calculate, manage, and minimize your startup costs. 

• What are startup costs?

Startup costs are what a business spends to get up and running before generating revenue. 

Starting costs vary based on business type but often include expenses like lease payments, permits, and market research. They can also include asset purchases such as vehicles, real estate, and equipment. Crucially, starting costs also include the money that you need to have in the bank to cover expenses as your business launches until your sales have grown enough to cover those expenses.

• Startup cost examples

Starting costs typically include expenses that occur before you start selling and major purchases, otherwise know as assets.

Startup expenses

• Permits and licenses
• Incorporation fees
• Logo design
• Website design
• Brochure and business card printing
• Down payment on rental property

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• Cash to cover operations until sales can cover expenses
• Improvements to your chosen location
• Vehicles used for business operations
• Intangible assets like trademarks, copyrights, and patents.
• Why calculate startup costs?

Knowing your initial costs and expenses improves your chances of launching successfully . It helps you:

Avoid unnecessary risks:

You can avoid unexpected financial pitfalls and make informed decisions by understanding potential expenses.

Start your financial plan :

It helps you budget and determine if you have adequate funds to launch and operate until you’re profitable.

Convince investors :

A detailed breakdown of startup costs can make your business more appealing to investors, as you’ll demonstrate thorough planning and financial acumen.

Improve decisions: 

With a clear view of costs, you can make decisions about pricing , scaling, and other critical areas more confidently.

• What are your startup costs?

Starting costs vary from business to business. So, how do you know your costs and, more importantly, how much money you need to cover them? 

Check out the following resources to answer those questions.

How to calculate your startup costs

Accurately estimate startup costs by accounting for expenses, assets, and cash.

3 Steps to Figure Out How Much Money You Need to Start a Business

How much cash will it take to start your business? Your total cash must go beyond startup costs and ensure you’re prepared to cover emergencies and initial growth.

How Much Should You Personally Cover for Startup Costs?

Before covering any business expenses, consider the impact on your personal finances. What’s the right amount? How will you pay yourself back? And are the rewards worth the risk?

• Tips for managing startup costs

Follow these steps to minimize unnecessary expenses and prioritize the right things.

How to reduce your startup costs

Keep your startup expenses in check and save money through proper planning, tracking, and exploring possible tax deductions.

Hidden startup costs you may overlook

It’s challenging to account for everything. Don’t let overlooked fees and expenses immediately throw off your budget.

What you won’t regret spending money on as a business owner

There is such a thing as being too frugal. But where should you invest more money? While it depends on your business, you can start with these recommendations from a seasoned entrepreneur.

Get the rest of your business finances in order

Knowing what it costs to start your business will make it far easier to get your finances in order.

Check out the rest of our startup financial resources to better understand your path to profitability.

• Create your financial plan
• Set up accounting and payroll
• Prepare for funding

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A quick and easy way to list out your expenses and explore how they fit into your overall business.

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Kody Wirth is a content writer and SEO specialist for Palo Alto Software—the creator's of Bplans and LivePlan. He has 3+ years experience covering small business topics and runs a part-time content writing service in his spare time.

Table of Contents

• Get your business finances in order

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How to Write a Business Plan, Step by Step

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What is a business plan?

1. write an executive summary, 2. describe your company, 3. state your business goals, 4. describe your products and services, 5. do your market research, 6. outline your marketing and sales plan, 7. perform a business financial analysis, 8. make financial projections, 9. summarize how your company operates, 10. add any additional information to an appendix, business plan tips and resources.

A business plan outlines your business’s financial goals and explains how you’ll achieve them over the next three to five years. Here’s a step-by-step guide to writing a business plan that will offer a strong, detailed road map for your business.

ZenBusiness

A business plan is a document that explains what your business does, how it makes money and who its customers are. Internally, writing a business plan should help you clarify your vision and organize your operations. Externally, you can share it with potential lenders and investors to show them you’re on the right track.

Business plans are living documents; it’s OK for them to change over time. Startups may update their business plans often as they figure out who their customers are and what products and services fit them best. Mature companies might only revisit their business plan every few years. Regardless of your business’s age, brush up this document before you apply for a business loan .

» Need help writing? Learn about the best business plan software .

This is your elevator pitch. It should include a mission statement, a brief description of the products or services your business offers and a broad summary of your financial growth plans.

Though the executive summary is the first thing your investors will read, it can be easier to write it last. That way, you can highlight information you’ve identified while writing other sections that go into more detail.

» MORE: How to write an executive summary in 6 steps

Next up is your company description. This should contain basic information like:

Your business’s registered name.

Address of your business location .

Names of key people in the business. Make sure to highlight unique skills or technical expertise among members of your team.

Your company description should also define your business structure — such as a sole proprietorship, partnership or corporation — and include the percent ownership that each owner has and the extent of each owner’s involvement in the company.

Lastly, write a little about the history of your company and the nature of your business now. This prepares the reader to learn about your goals in the next section.

» MORE: How to write a company overview for a business plan

The third part of a business plan is an objective statement. This section spells out what you’d like to accomplish, both in the near term and over the coming years.

If you’re looking for a business loan or outside investment, you can use this section to explain how the financing will help your business grow and how you plan to achieve those growth targets. The key is to provide a clear explanation of the opportunity your business presents to the lender.

For example, if your business is launching a second product line, you might explain how the loan will help your company launch that new product and how much you think sales will increase over the next three years as a result.

» MORE: How to write a successful business plan for a loan

In this section, go into detail about the products or services you offer or plan to offer.

You should include the following:

An explanation of how your product or service works.

The pricing model for your product or service.

The typical customers you serve.

Your supply chain and order fulfillment strategy.

You can also discuss current or pending trademarks and patents associated with your product or service.

Lenders and investors will want to know what sets your product apart from your competition. In your market analysis section , explain who your competitors are. Discuss what they do well, and point out what you can do better. If you’re serving a different or underserved market, explain that.

Here, you can address how you plan to persuade customers to buy your products or services, or how you will develop customer loyalty that will lead to repeat business.

Include details about your sales and distribution strategies, including the costs involved in selling each product .

» MORE: R e a d our complete guide to small business marketing

If you’re a startup, you may not have much information on your business financials yet. However, if you’re an existing business, you’ll want to include income or profit-and-loss statements, a balance sheet that lists your assets and debts, and a cash flow statement that shows how cash comes into and goes out of the company.

Accounting software may be able to generate these reports for you. It may also help you calculate metrics such as:

Net profit margin: the percentage of revenue you keep as net income.

Current ratio: the measurement of your liquidity and ability to repay debts.

Accounts receivable turnover ratio: a measurement of how frequently you collect on receivables per year.

This is a great place to include charts and graphs that make it easy for those reading your plan to understand the financial health of your business.

This is a critical part of your business plan if you’re seeking financing or investors. It outlines how your business will generate enough profit to repay the loan or how you will earn a decent return for investors.

Here, you’ll provide your business’s monthly or quarterly sales, expenses and profit estimates over at least a three-year period — with the future numbers assuming you’ve obtained a new loan.

Accuracy is key, so carefully analyze your past financial statements before giving projections. Your goals may be aggressive, but they should also be realistic.

NerdWallet’s picks for setting up your business finances:

The best business checking accounts .

The best business credit cards .

The best accounting software .

Before the end of your business plan, summarize how your business is structured and outline each team’s responsibilities. This will help your readers understand who performs each of the functions you’ve described above — making and selling your products or services — and how much each of those functions cost.

If any of your employees have exceptional skills, you may want to include their resumes to help explain the competitive advantage they give you.

Finally, attach any supporting information or additional materials that you couldn’t fit in elsewhere. That might include:

Licenses and permits.

Equipment leases.

Bank statements.

Details of your personal and business credit history, if you’re seeking financing.

If the appendix is long, you may want to consider adding a table of contents at the beginning of this section.

How much do you need?

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We’ll start with a brief questionnaire to better understand the unique needs of your business.

Once we uncover your personalized matches, our team will consult you on the process moving forward.

Here are some tips to write a detailed, convincing business plan:

Avoid over-optimism: If you’re applying for a business bank loan or professional investment, someone will be reading your business plan closely. Providing unreasonable sales estimates can hurt your chances of approval.

Proofread: Spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors can jump off the page and turn off lenders and prospective investors. If writing and editing aren't your strong suit, you may want to hire a professional business plan writer, copy editor or proofreader.

Use free resources: SCORE is a nonprofit association that offers a large network of volunteer business mentors and experts who can help you write or edit your business plan. The U.S. Small Business Administration’s Small Business Development Centers , which provide free business consulting and help with business plan development, can also be a resource.

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• How to Start a Business

Business Startup Costs: It’s in the Details

There's more to a business than furnishings and office space. Especially in the early stages, startup costs require careful planning and meticulous accounting. Many new businesses neglect this process , relying instead on a flood of customers to keep the operation afloat, usually with abysmal results.

Key Takeaways

• Startup costs are the expenses incurred during the process of creating a new business. 
• Pre-opening startup costs include a business plan, research expenses, borrowing costs, and expenses for technology.
• Post-opening startup costs include advertising, promotion, and employee expenses.
• Different types of business structures—like sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations—have different startup costs, so be aware of the different costs associated with your new business.

Startup costs are the expenses incurred during the process of creating a new business. All businesses are different, so they require different types of startup costs. Online businesses have different needs than brick-and-mortars ; coffee shops have different requirements than bookstores. However, a few expenses are common to most business types.

Understanding Common Business Startup Costs

The business plan.

Essential to the startup effort is creating a business plan —a detailed map of the new business. A business plan forces consideration of the different startup costs. Underestimating expenses falsely increases expected net profit, a situation that does not bode well for any small business owner.

Research Expenses

Careful research of the industry and consumer makeup must be conducted before starting a business. Some business owners choose to hire market research firms to aid them in the assessment process.

For business owners who choose to follow this route, the expense of hiring these experts must be included in the business plan.

Borrowing Costs

Starting up any kind of business requires an infusion of capital. There are two ways to acquire capital for a business: equity financing and debt financing. Usually, equity financing entails the issuance of stock, but this does not apply to most small businesses, which are proprietorships.

For small business owners, the most likely source of financing is debt in the form of a small business loan . Business owners can often get loans from banks, savings institutions, and the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). Like any other loan, SBA business loans are accompanied by interest payments. These payments must be planned for when starting a business, as the cost of default is very high.

Insurance, License, and Permit Fees

Many businesses are expected to submit to health inspections and authorizations to obtain certain business licenses and permits. Some businesses might require basic licenses while others need industry-specific permits.

Carrying insurance to cover your employees, customers, business assets, and yourself can help protect your personal assets from any liabilities  that may arise. 

Technological Expenses

Technological expenses include the cost of a website, information systems, and software, including accounting and point of sale (POS) software , for a business. Some small business owners choose to outsource these functions to other companies to save on payroll and benefits.

Equipment and Supplies

Every business requires some form of equipment and basic supplies. Before adding equipment expenses to the list of startup costs, a decision has to be made to lease or buy.

The state of your finances will play a major part in this decision. Even if you have enough money to buy equipment, unavoidable expenses may make leasing, with the intention to buy at a later date, a viable option. However, it is important to remember that, regardless of the cash position , a lease may not always be best, depending upon the type of equipment and terms of the lease.

Advertising and Promotion

A new company or startup business is unlikely to succeed without promoting itself. However, promoting a business entails much more than placing ads in a local newspaper.

It also includes marketing —everything a company does to attract clients to the business. Marketing has become such a science that any advantage is beneficial, so external dedicated marketing companies are most often hired.

Employee Expenses

Businesses planning to hire employees must plan for wages, salaries, and benefits, also known as the cost of labor .

Failure to compensate employees adequately can end in low morale, mutiny, and bad publicity, all of which can be disastrous to a company.

Additional Startup Cost Considerations

Have some extra money set aside for any overlooked or unexpected expenses. Most companies fail because they lack the cash to deal with unexpected problems during the business season.

It is important to note that the startup costs for a sole proprietorship differ from the startup costs for a partnership or corporation. Some additional costs a partnership might incur include the legal cost of drafting a partnership agreement and state registration fees.

Other costs that may apply more to a corporation include fees for filing articles of incorporation, bylaws, and terms of original stock certificates.

Launching a new business can be invigorating. However, getting caught up in the excitement and neglecting the details can lead to failure. Above anything else, observe and consult with others who have traveled this road before—you never know where you might learn the business advice that helps your particular business succeed.

U.S. Small Business Administration. " Fund Your Business ."

U.S. Small Business Administration. " Loans ."

U.S. Small Business Administration. " Apply For Licenses and Permits ."

U.S. Small Business Administration. " Choose a Business Structure ."

• How to Start a Business: A Comprehensive Guide and Essential Steps 1 of 25
• How to Do Market Research, Types, and Example 2 of 25
• Marketing Strategy: What It Is, How It Works, and How to Create One 3 of 25
• Marketing in Business: Strategies and Types Explained 4 of 25
• What Is a Marketing Plan? Types and How to Write One 5 of 25
• Business Development: Definition, Strategies, Steps & Skills 6 of 25
• Business Plan: What It Is, What's Included, and How to Write One 7 of 25
• Small Business Development Center (SBDC): Meaning, Types, Impact 8 of 25
• How to Write a Business Plan for a Loan 9 of 25
• Business Startup Costs: It’s in the Details 10 of 25
• Startup Capital Definition, Types, and Risks 11 of 25
• Bootstrapping Definition, Strategies, and Pros/Cons 12 of 25
• Crowdfunding: What It Is, How It Works, and Popular Websites 13 of 25
• Starting a Business with No Money: How to Begin 14 of 25
• A Comprehensive Guide to Establishing Business Credit 15 of 25
• Equity Financing: What It Is, How It Works, Pros and Cons 16 of 25
• Best Startup Business Loans for April 2024 17 of 25
• Sole Proprietorship: What It Is, Pros and Cons, and Differences From an LLC 18 of 25
• Partnership: Definition, How It Works, Taxation, and Types 19 of 25
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• Corporation: What It Is and How to Form One 21 of 25
• Starting a Small Business: Your Complete How-to Guide 22 of 25
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The Complete Guide to Business Startup Costs

The top challenge for small business owners is cash flow and the cost of running the business is the second biggest challenge. To put it bluntly, startups need money. No amount of passion, persistence, or patience will make up for a lack of capital.

Most aspiring business owners are short on time, so it’s tempting to run through the least interesting parts of planning at a sprint. Even the word “budget” can trigger boredom and frustration for some. But startup costs are the biggest financial risk to account for when launching a new business.

Planning for business startup costs is about taking control. It’s how any organization can ensure that they remain in control as the business takes on a life of its own.

Why business startup costs are so important

Startup costs are what a business spends before the business starts running. These costs are more than an initial investment in a new business. They’re a way to attract investors, secure loans, and estimate the future health of any organization.

38% of startups fail because they run out of capital . Some businesses start fast and hope that their popularity will cover a lack of planning. Without a clear plan for funding, most are likely to fail.

Financial planning is the first step to a successful long-running business. The first step to creating a financial plan is to outline the set-up costs.  

Start With the Basics

Most businesses are either brick-and-mortar or online businesses, and most small businesses sell services. The type of business can determine the typical business startup costs. Some common costs include:

• Office Space
• Equipment and supplies
• Licenses and permits
• Website build
• Staffing or contract help

Once you have a clear list of anticipated expenses, do some research and estimate the cost of each item. Start with the most expensive items on the list. 

As you research the average cost for these items, put some time into researching potential savings. Then, think about what these savings could cost in terms of time and effort.

Separate out recurring expenses from one-time expenses, and weigh the value of each decision by its long-term value to the business. Ideally, your initial budget will cover the first five years of the business. Get into the details at this stage and come up with best and worst-case scenarios for your business startup costs.

Embarking on a new business venture is kind of like moving or planning a wedding. There are always major surprise costs that you can’t plan for. 

Unexpected costs will always happen and your initial research can help determine how much to set aside for common surprises in your niche or industry.

Make the Math Work

The math and principles involved in calculating costs and budgeting can seem intimidating after a day of too much research online, but the goal is simple. What comes in needs to meet or exceed what goes out. 

This kind of math is difficult to do in your head, but it’s easy to organize in a simple spreadsheet.

As you make estimates, it may be a good idea to double or triple variable line items like paid advertising or legal services. If you plan to take out a small business loan, be sure to include the cost of these loan payments in your startup costs.

If your outline of business cost exceeds your income projections, review your projected costs in the order of priority. Next, you’ll want to consider how each cost impacts the bottom line and future opportunities. Make decisions early about how to reduce costs or save certain costs for a later date.

Quick Tips To Improve Startup Costs Today

Business startup costs are more than what the business has to spend, they’re a way of shaping the future of the business. For example, selling an ecology-minded product is more than the product and how it’s produced. It’s a philosophy that impacts the whole of business operations. These ideas trickle down to the decisions the team makes about spending. 

These are some quick tips to ensure that your organization’s budget will cover everything your team needs.

Plan for Professional Help

Research, organization, and planning skills are essential to running a successful business. If these aren’t your strongest skill sets, consider taking some courses online and invest effort in improving those skills. It’s also essential to recognize that there are areas where it may be better to outsource.

Many startups plan to figure things out on their own or to grab legal or financial advice for free to save money. But it’s essential to plan ahead and to prepare for the initial costs that can help your team solve the most challenging problems you will face.

What if you make a mistake on your taxes and have to accomodate an audit at the last minute? What if a customer slips in the parking lot on your property on opening day? 

Small businesses are full of surprises. Setting a budget aside for legal, accounting, and leadership can help build a stronger foundation for your startup.

Invest in the Right People

Because salaries vary by job and location, you might plan to budget for employee costs after addressing fixed costs like rent and insurance. But, if an employee position is fundamental to the business’s future success, it’s better to budget the ideal salary first. 

Spend time researching other ways to save on business startup costs that will have less business impact.

Some ventures are DIY visions that can fly solo, but many great business ideas require a team. People power is the most valuable and expensive item on the list of business startup costs, whether the plan is to bring together a unique group of freelancers for a set period of time or to build an in-house team. 

If you’re starting lean, it’s a good idea to outsource talent, then hire permanently when you have the budget to build. Don’t forget to include the investment it will take to bring on the right people. 

These resources right here on Crazy Egg can help you get started:

• Best Applicant Tracking Software  
• Best Recruiting Software  
• Best HR Software  

Figure Out Your CAC

Marketing can seem like an extra when viewed alongside hardware and other fixed startup costs. But within the first few months, your team will start obsessing about another kind of cost—customer acquisition cost (CAC). 

CAC is how much the business spends for each new lead.If you develop a comprehensive marketing plan before launch, it is much easier to estimate your CAC and the related business costs. 

For example, your team might be planning to send a weekly newsletter. The cost for that marketing channel will include a marketing automation platform that averages $150 per month. 

There are also other line items that will increase this budget including:

• Stock photography
• A freelance illustrator 
• Freelance writers

You’ll also want to budget for the employee time it may take to connect the email marketing platform to other platforms for website analytics and other business necessities. These extra costs can seem like an insignificant future investment, but always include them in the initial planning. 

Don’t Forget About Taxes

Business taxes can be confusing. Start by planning to set aside the current corporate tax rate if you operate your business in the United States. 

You’ll also want to budget for a certified public accountant. This can help your team learn early on about what you can and cannot deduct to save money.

Long-Term Strategies for Your Startup Budget

Plan your business startup costs from the perspective of a business that’s been in operation for a year. Working backwards in this way will make your first few months as a new business more successful.

If you’re not able to find answers to questions about business operations in your specific niche or industry, head to an online forum or join a mentoring program. This perspective of preparedness will pay off in the long run. 

The ideas below are a few other ways that your team can prepare and succeed.

It’s All About the Business Plan

Any solid business plan includes financial details, and it’s a good idea to dig into startup cost research as you create your business plan. Information discovered during the earliest stages of planning can help create a solid and realistic early budget. 

It can also help your team make crucial business decisions that will impact revenue down the line. For example, if the average rent in your area is more than 20% of your anticipated monthly profit, it’s worth considering a remote business.

That’s not to say that a healthy startup budget isn’t necessary for starting an online business. Ecommerce seems like a wildly inexpensive option, but the many small costs of starting a website, enabling an online shopping cart, and installing useful business apps can quickly add up. 

Get Into the Details Early

It can also be tempting to make quick uninformed guesses about the software and services a business will spend on during set-up. Skimping on research can lead to massive costs later when the initial investment projections don’t line up with that early guesswork. 

We’ll show you what this could mean with a few quick examples. 

First, there are many different options for ecommerce website builders . Each offers unique themes and features for different types of business, and these details can make a dramatic difference in the monthly cost for these services. 

Or, maybe the plan is to build a website. Choosing the least expensive WordPress hosting could mean a lack of security that impacts business operations later on. 

It’s also important to keep an eye out for introductory rates or trial offers. Complete this detailed research with an understanding of how recurring costs can vary over time.

Give Yourself Time

You may want to knock out your business startup cost estimates in a few hours, but think about this piece of your financial plan as a long-term investment. Take the time to research each line item as though it is the only thing on your list. 

For each expenditure, follow a simple step-by-step process. 

First, write out questions about each line item. These are some sample questions to consider for business rentals:

• How much will the rent increase each year?
• What’s included in the lease?
• Is the location safe?
• Does the space meet any technology needs?
• Who handles repairs?
• Do you need to pay for parking?

List the pros and cons of different options and compare multiple sites and features. This will help ensure that each estimate is a comprehensive guess that will build on the foundation of your business.

Then, rinse and repeat for each item on your list.

Prepare to Grow the Business

Some business owners are just hoping to get their venture off the ground, but most successful owners begin their process with dreams of growth. 

Whether you’re putting a quick Slideshare together for an internal team or a polished presentation to woo new lenders or investors, a formal financial plan is a smart way to organize your early costs. 

This document can also help to draw clear connections between anticipated costs and projected revenue.

Your financial prospectus should outline:

• Detailed startup costs
• Your business model
• Sources of revenue
• Growth forecasts

These details will show any lender or investor that your team has done everything they can to develop a viable business with powerful potential. This will inspire the investment the business will need to expand.

If you’re not ready to project five years into the future with your financial plan, prepare to project a minimum of six months. It will usually take 18-24 months for your company to turn a profit. 

Most home-based startups begin with less than $5,000 in capital. This guide, How to Start a Business for Less Than $100 is full of great tips for founders with big ideas and small budgets. 

Another option is to learn about the best small business loans and start applying. 

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How To Write a Business Plan

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Starting a business is a wild ride, and a solid business plan can be the key to keeping you on track. A business plan is essentially a roadmap for your business — outlining your goals, strategies, market analysis and financial projections. Not only will it guide your decision-making, a business plan can help you secure funding with a loan or from investors .

Writing a business plan can seem like a huge task, but taking it one step at a time can break the plan down into manageable milestones. Here is our step-by-step guide on how to write a business plan.

Table of contents

• Write your executive summary
• Do your market research homework
• Set your business goals and objectives
• Plan your business strategy
• Describe your product or service
• Crunch the numbers
• Finalize your business plan

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Step 1: Write your executive summary

Though this will be the first page of your business plan , we recommend you actually write the executive summary last. That’s because an executive summary highlights what’s to come in the business plan but in a more condensed fashion.

An executive summary gives stakeholders who are reading your business plan the key points quickly without having to comb through pages and pages. Be sure to cover each successive point in a concise manner, and include as much data as necessary to support your claims.

You’ll cover other things too, but answer these basic questions in your executive summary:

• Idea: What’s your business concept? What problem does your business solve? What are your business goals?
• Product: What’s your product/service and how is it different?
• Market: Who’s your audience? How will you reach customers?
• Finance: How much will your idea cost? And if you’re seeking funding, how much money do you need? How much do you expect to earn? If you’ve already started, where is your revenue at now?

Step 2: Do your market research homework

The next step in writing a business plan is to conduct market research . This involves gathering information about your target market (or customer persona), your competition, and the industry as a whole. You can use a variety of research methods such as surveys, focus groups, and online research to gather this information. Your method may be formal or more casual, just make sure that you’re getting good data back.

This research will help you to understand the needs of your target market and the potential demand for your product or service—essential aspects of starting and growing a successful business.

Step 3: Set your business goals and objectives

Once you’ve completed your market research, you can begin to define your business goals and objectives. What is the problem you want to solve? What’s your vision for the future? Where do you want to be in a year from now?

Use this step to decide what you want to achieve with your business, both in the short and long term. Try to set SMART goals—specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound benchmarks—that will help you to stay focused and motivated as you build your business.

Step 4: Plan your business strategy

Your business strategy is how you plan to reach your goals and objectives. This includes details on positioning your product or service, marketing and sales strategies, operational plans, and the organizational structure of your small business.

Make sure to include key roles and responsibilities for each team member if you’re in a business entity with multiple people.

Step 5: Describe your product or service

In this section, get into the nitty-gritty of your product or service. Go into depth regarding the features, benefits, target market, and any patents or proprietary tech you have. Make sure to paint a clear picture of what sets your product apart from the competition—and don’t forget to highlight any customer benefits.

Step 6: Crunch the numbers

Financial analysis is an essential part of your business plan. If you’re already in business that includes your profit and loss statement , cash flow statement and balance sheet .

These financial projections will give investors and lenders an understanding of the financial health of your business and the potential return on investment.

You may want to work with a financial professional to ensure your financial projections are realistic and accurate.

Step 7: Finalize your business plan

Once you’ve completed everything, it's time to finalize your business plan. This involves reviewing and editing your plan to ensure that it is clear, concise, and easy to understand.

You should also have someone else review your plan to get a fresh perspective and identify any areas that may need improvement. You could even work with a free SCORE mentor on your business plan or use a SCORE business plan template for more detailed guidance.

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The takeaway

Writing a business plan is an essential process for any forward-thinking entrepreneur or business owner. A business plan requires a lot of up-front research, planning, and attention to detail, but it’s worthwhile. Creating a comprehensive business plan can help you achieve your business goals and secure the funding you need.

Related content

• 5 Best Business Plan Software and Tools in 2023 for Your Small Business
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• What Is a Cash Flow Statement?

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Business Startup Costs in 2022: What Small Business Owners Can Expect

Starting a new business is exciting, but it also may come with intimidating startup costs. Before you become a business owner, you’ll want to sit down and estimate the total price tag of the venture. In this article, we walk you through the process of calculating each business startup cost so you can launch your business on the right foot. 

What Are Business Startup Costs?

Every new business owner will run into costs associated with launching a business — but the amount you’ll pay depends on your business type and your needs. You’ll want to know ahead of time estimates of the business expenses you can expect so you aren’t hit with surprising costs you can’t afford during the launch process. 

Business startup costs depend largely on the type of business you open, which can be:

• Brick-and-mortar
• Service provider

When you start a new business, you may pay for things like business formation fees, marketing costs, business insurance, a website, and more. We cover each possible expense in detail below.

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How Much Does It Typically Cost to Start a Business?

The amount you’ll pay to start a small business will depend on the business itself. According to a 2021 Shopif y survey , small business entrepreneurs spent $40,000 on average in the first year of launching a new business. But this is an average. 

A small business with a physical location will come with a heavier price tag than a business that is run completely out of a home. You’ll have to pay for things like rent or a commercial mortgage, furniture, and physical marketing materials. But you’ll also need more insurance coverage since you’ll have a business location where customers or employees could hurt themselves. 

You can use this startup costs worksheet from the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) to help guide you through your estimate process.

10 Most Common Startup Expenses

In the first year of running a small business, you’ll likely encounter two types of costs:

• Capital expenditure : One-time purchase or debt that invests in the future of your business. This can include purchasing new property, facility upgrades, updated equipment, or patents. 
• Operating cost : Ongoing expense that allows your business to run in an efficient and productive way. Marketing, payroll, insurance, and research falls into this category.

The amount you pay for each operating cost depends on how much of the work you do yourself and how much you offload onto a professional that you’ll have to pay.

Here are the 10 startup expenses you’re most likely to encounter.

1. Research costs

Conducting market research before you launch a business can bring clarity to how effective your products or services will be. You can subscribe to a marketing research platform for a more affordable but more do-it-yourself option. Or you can hire a market research firm. According to the Vernon Research Group , hiring a market research firm can cost anywhere from $4,000 to $50,000, depending on the type of research you conduct.

2. Getting a business plan written

A business plan is an essential document that establishes your business structure and goals. You can write your own informal business plan or subscribe to software like LivePlan to guide you through the process, which charges a monthly fee. 

Otherwise, you can turn to a business plan company to complete it for you. If you hire a professional service to write your business plan, you can expect costs to start around $1,500 and increase with complexity. 

3. Business formation fees

How much you’ll pay for business formation depends on the business entity type you choose. A sole proprietor won’t have costs directly associated with founding a business, but an LLC will need to pay to file articles of organization (or if you’re incorporating, articles of incorporation). Filing fees depend on the state you live in but typically cost between $50 and $100, and may cost as much as $300. 

You may also have to pay for a state or federal business license , depending on your industry. Associated costs depend on the license.

4. Insurance and permits

Business insurance can provide protection if you need to pay for claims against your business. Without insurance, you’ll have to pay upfront for the damages and potential legal fees. You’ll likely need different business insurance if you run a fully online business than if you operate an office space, for example. 

The most common types of business insurance are:

• General liability insurance : Protects against “general” claims for property damage, bodily injury, or personal injury. The cost is determined by how risky your industry is, like retail vs. construction. 
• Errors and omissions insurance : Covers mistakes you or your employees make against customers or clients. The price depends on factors like the size of your business, the industry, revenue, and its employee training process.
• Commercial property insurance : Protects offices or brick-and-mortar locations against damages from instances like flooding, fire, theft, or vandalism. The cost depends on factors like the property value and its assets, as well as its location. 
• Workers compensation insurance : Pays for medical and benefit costs for employees that get hurt or ill while working. The cost of your workers’ compensation policy depends on the state, business size, payroll, and your industry’s risk. 

Having a business website that looks good and is functional is essential — it acts as the face of your business. Hiring a web design company to create a website for you can cost into the tens of thousands of dollars, but it can be worthwhile to pay this cost upfront to ensure that your site is everything you need it to be. You’ll also need to consider hosting options, which can determine how quickly your website loads when customers visit, and how much traffic your site can handle.

There are several affordable do-it-yourself website builders and hosting services out there, including:

• Squarespace : You can use this website builder to create a business website for between $16 and $49 per month. 
• Weebly : Create a business website for between $0 and $26 per month. 
• Wix : Its website plans cost between $16 and $45 per month. 
• Shopify : You can set up an online shop for between $29 and $299 per month. 

6. Setting up accounting systems

You don’t want to skip figuring out your accounting process before you start a business — or you may find yourself under a mountain of paperwork come tax time. Some accounting solutions cost money. To start with, opening a business bank account is a great way to separate your personal and business expenses from the beginning. (And you may pay a monthly fee, depending on the account). 

In terms of tracking your transactions, you can do it for free manually using a spreadsheet or pay for software that automates much of the process:

• QuickBooks : $30 to $100 per month
• FreshBooks : $15 to $50 per month
• Xero : $12 to $65 per month
• Wave : Accounting software is free

Connecting your business checking account to accounting software can simplify your bookkeeping and accounting. You can import your transaction information to easily see your business’s cash flow and expenditures. When it comes time to pay your business taxes, you can send this information directly to your bookkeeper or CPA. 

7. Marketing expenses

You may not need to pay for marketing, but if you do, it’s good to keep costs below 10% of your total budget. Your business may benefit from physical marketing materials, like signs or mailers, or from online marketing. Social media marketing can be free or paid. 

Come up with a small business marketing plan to make sure you are clear on your goals and not spending money without getting results. 

8. Technology and equipment fees

An office or physical location can eat up a large portion of your budget. Whether or not you have an office that staff comes into, you’ll need to equip it. You’ll need reliable technology like a computer and internet access to run any modern business. If you have a physical location or staff office, you’ll need things like office supplies and office furniture. Costs depend on how large the location is and the types of equipment you need.

9. Inventory fees

If you’re opening a business that requires you to keep inventory, like retail or wholesale, you’ll need to estimate how much your initial inventory supply will cost. You’ll want to consider stocking up more inventory in the beginning than you might later. The cost depends on how much inventory you need and what you’re ordering. 

10. Hiring employees

According to Glassdoor, it costs around $4,000 on average to hire someone new. These costs include background checks and drug testing, marketing, posting on job boards, and any internal expenses. These expenses will vary based on your business, but if you’re planning to hire employees for your new business, you’ll need to budget accordingly.

In Total, How Much Startup Cash Will You Need?

As mentioned, the average business startup costs fall around $40,000, but you can do it for much less or much more. The amount you pay for organizational costs depends on factors like your business size, the industry, the state it’s located in, and whether or not you have employees. 

If you complete your startup cost estimate and realize you don’t have enough cash on hand to launch — even though you’re ready in every other way — consider turning to lenders. Small business lenders can give you a leg up to start a new business and help you avoid waiting around for years before launching. 

Nav shows you your best options for small business loans if you need cash for things like capital expenses or business credit cards for help with cash flow. Create a free account at Nav.com to see the financing options you’re most likely to qualify for instantly.

Can You Write Off Startup Costs?

Yes, you can deduct certain startup costs on your tax return, but not all of them. The IRS provides a useful breakdown of what is allowed for a tax deduction for a new business. However, it’s a smart idea to hire a professional accountant to complete your tax return for you because of the complexity involved.

Tiffany Verbeck

Tiffany Verbeck is a Digital Marketing Copywriter for Nav. She uses the skills she learned from her master’s degree in writing to provide guidance to small businesses trying to navigate the ins-and-outs of financing. Previously, she ran a writing business for three years, and her work has appeared on sites like Business Insider, VaroWorth, and Mission Lane.

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How to make a business plan

Table of Contents

How to make a good business plan: step-by-step guide.

A business plan is a strategic roadmap used to navigate the challenging journey of entrepreneurship. It's the foundation upon which you build a successful business.

A well-crafted business plan can help you define your vision, clarify your goals, and identify potential problems before they arise.

But where do you start? How do you create a business plan that sets you up for success?

This article will explore the step-by-step process of creating a comprehensive business plan.

What is a business plan?

A business plan is a formal document that outlines a business's objectives, strategies, and operational procedures. It typically includes the following information about a company:

Products or services

Target market

Competitors

Marketing and sales strategies

Financial plan

Management team

A business plan serves as a roadmap for a company's success and provides a blueprint for its growth and development. It helps entrepreneurs and business owners organize their ideas, evaluate the feasibility, and identify potential challenges and opportunities.

As well as serving as a guide for business owners, a business plan can attract investors and secure funding. It demonstrates the company's understanding of the market, its ability to generate revenue and profits, and its strategy for managing risks and achieving success.

Business plan vs. business model canvas

A business plan may seem similar to a business model canvas, but each document serves a different purpose.

A business model canvas is a high-level overview that helps entrepreneurs and business owners quickly test and iterate their ideas. It is often a one-page document that briefly outlines the following:

Key partnerships

Key activities

Key propositions

Customer relationships

Customer segments

Key resources

Cost structure

Revenue streams

On the other hand, a Business Plan Template provides a more in-depth analysis of a company's strategy and operations. It is typically a lengthy document and requires significant time and effort to develop.

A business model shouldn’t replace a business plan, and vice versa. Business owners should lay the foundations and visually capture the most important information with a Business Model Canvas Template . Because this is a fast and efficient way to communicate a business idea, a business model canvas is a good starting point before developing a more comprehensive business plan.

A business plan can aim to secure funding from investors or lenders, while a business model canvas communicates a business idea to potential customers or partners.

Why is a business plan important?

A business plan is crucial for any entrepreneur or business owner wanting to increase their chances of success.

Here are some of the many benefits of having a thorough business plan.

Helps to define the business goals and objectives

A business plan encourages you to think critically about your goals and objectives. Doing so lets you clearly understand what you want to achieve and how you plan to get there.

A well-defined set of goals, objectives, and key results also provides a sense of direction and purpose, which helps keep business owners focused and motivated.

Guides decision-making

A business plan requires you to consider different scenarios and potential problems that may arise in your business. This awareness allows you to devise strategies to deal with these issues and avoid pitfalls.

With a clear plan, entrepreneurs can make informed decisions aligning with their overall business goals and objectives. This helps reduce the risk of making costly mistakes and ensures they make decisions with long-term success in mind.

Attracts investors and secures funding

Investors and lenders often require a business plan before considering investing in your business. A document that outlines the company's goals, objectives, and financial forecasts can help instill confidence in potential investors and lenders.

A well-written business plan demonstrates that you have thoroughly thought through your business idea and have a solid plan for success.

Identifies potential challenges and risks

A business plan requires entrepreneurs to consider potential challenges and risks that could impact their business. For example:

Is there enough demand for my product or service?

Will I have enough capital to start my business?

Is the market oversaturated with too many competitors?

What will happen if my marketing strategy is ineffective?

By identifying these potential challenges, entrepreneurs can develop strategies to mitigate risks and overcome challenges. This can reduce the likelihood of costly mistakes and ensure the business is well-positioned to take on any challenges.

Provides a basis for measuring success

A business plan serves as a framework for measuring success by providing clear goals and financial projections . Entrepreneurs can regularly refer to the original business plan as a benchmark to measure progress. By comparing the current business position to initial forecasts, business owners can answer questions such as:

Are we where we want to be at this point?

Did we achieve our goals?

If not, why not, and what do we need to do?

After assessing whether the business is meeting its objectives or falling short, business owners can adjust their strategies as needed.

How to make a business plan step by step

The steps below will guide you through the process of creating a business plan and what key components you need to include.

1. Create an executive summary

Start with a brief overview of your entire plan. The executive summary should cover your business plan's main points and key takeaways.

Keep your executive summary concise and clear with the Executive Summary Template . The simple design helps readers understand the crux of your business plan without reading the entire document.

2. Write your company description

Provide a detailed explanation of your company. Include information on what your company does, the mission statement, and your vision for the future.

Provide additional background information on the history of your company, the founders, and any notable achievements or milestones.

3. Conduct a market analysis

Conduct an in-depth analysis of your industry, competitors, and target market. This is best done with a SWOT analysis to identify your strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Next, identify your target market's needs, demographics, and behaviors.

Use the Competitive Analysis Template to brainstorm answers to simple questions like:

What does the current market look like?

Who are your competitors?

What are they offering?

What will give you a competitive advantage?

Who is your target market?

What are they looking for and why?

How will your product or service satisfy a need?

These questions should give you valuable insights into the current market and where your business stands.

4. Describe your products and services

Provide detailed information about your products and services. This includes pricing information, product features, and any unique selling points.

Use the Product/Market Fit Template to explain how your products meet the needs of your target market. Describe what sets them apart from the competition.

5. Design a marketing and sales strategy

Outline how you plan to promote and sell your products. Your marketing strategy and sales strategy should include information about your:

Pricing strategy

Advertising and promotional tactics

Sales channels

The Go to Market Strategy Template is a great way to visually map how you plan to launch your product or service in a new or existing market.

6. Determine budget and financial projections

Document detailed information on your business’ finances. Describe the current financial position of the company and how you expect the finances to play out.

Some details to include in this section are:

Startup costs

Revenue projections

Profit and loss statement

Funding you have received or plan to receive

Strategy for raising funds

7. Set the organization and management structure

Define how your company is structured and who will be responsible for each aspect of the business. Use the Business Organizational Chart Template to visually map the company’s teams, roles, and hierarchy.

As well as the organization and management structure, discuss the legal structure of your business. Clarify whether your business is a corporation, partnership, sole proprietorship, or LLC.

8. Make an action plan

At this point in your business plan, you’ve described what you’re aiming for. But how are you going to get there? The Action Plan Template describes the following steps to move your business plan forward. Outline the next steps you plan to take to bring your business plan to fruition.

Types of business plans

Several types of business plans cater to different purposes and stages of a company's lifecycle. Here are some of the most common types of business plans.

Startup business plan

A startup business plan is typically an entrepreneur's first business plan. This document helps entrepreneurs articulate their business idea when starting a new business.

Not sure how to make a business plan for a startup? It’s pretty similar to a regular business plan, except the primary purpose of a startup business plan is to convince investors to provide funding for the business. A startup business plan also outlines the potential target market, product/service offering, marketing plan, and financial projections.

Strategic business plan

A strategic business plan is a long-term plan that outlines a company's overall strategy, objectives, and tactics. This type of strategic plan focuses on the big picture and helps business owners set goals and priorities and measure progress.

The primary purpose of a strategic business plan is to provide direction and guidance to the company's management team and stakeholders. The plan typically covers a period of three to five years.

Operational business plan

An operational business plan is a detailed document that outlines the day-to-day operations of a business. It focuses on the specific activities and processes required to run the business, such as:

Organizational structure

Staffing plan

Production plan

Quality control

Inventory management

Supply chain

The primary purpose of an operational business plan is to ensure that the business runs efficiently and effectively. It helps business owners manage their resources, track their performance, and identify areas for improvement.

Growth-business plan

A growth-business plan is a strategic plan that outlines how a company plans to expand its business. It helps business owners identify new market opportunities and increase revenue and profitability. The primary purpose of a growth-business plan is to provide a roadmap for the company's expansion and growth.

The 3 Horizons of Growth Template is a great tool to identify new areas of growth. This framework categorizes growth opportunities into three categories: Horizon 1 (core business), Horizon 2 (emerging business), and Horizon 3 (potential business).

One-page business plan

A one-page business plan is a condensed version of a full business plan that focuses on the most critical aspects of a business. It’s a great tool for entrepreneurs who want to quickly communicate their business idea to potential investors, partners, or employees.

A one-page business plan typically includes sections such as business concept, value proposition, revenue streams, and cost structure.

Best practices for how to make a good business plan

Here are some additional tips for creating a business plan:

Use a template

A template can help you organize your thoughts and effectively communicate your business ideas and strategies. Starting with a template can also save you time and effort when formatting your plan.

Miro’s extensive library of customizable templates includes all the necessary sections for a comprehensive business plan. With our templates, you can confidently present your business plans to stakeholders and investors.

Be practical

Avoid overestimating revenue projections or underestimating expenses. Your business plan should be grounded in practical realities like your budget, resources, and capabilities.

Be specific

Provide as much detail as possible in your business plan. A specific plan is easier to execute because it provides clear guidance on what needs to be done and how. Without specific details, your plan may be too broad or vague, making it difficult to know where to start or how to measure success.

Be thorough with your research

Conduct thorough research to fully understand the market, your competitors, and your target audience . By conducting thorough research, you can identify potential risks and challenges your business may face and develop strategies to mitigate them.

Get input from others

It can be easy to become overly focused on your vision and ideas, leading to tunnel vision and a lack of objectivity. By seeking input from others, you can identify potential opportunities you may have overlooked.

Review and revise regularly

A business plan is a living document. You should update it regularly to reflect market, industry, and business changes. Set aside time for regular reviews and revisions to ensure your plan remains relevant and effective.

Create a winning business plan to chart your path to success

Starting or growing a business can be challenging, but it doesn't have to be. Whether you're a seasoned entrepreneur or just starting, a well-written business plan can make or break your business’ success.

The purpose of a business plan is more than just to secure funding and attract investors. It also serves as a roadmap for achieving your business goals and realizing your vision. With the right mindset, tools, and strategies, you can develop a visually appealing, persuasive business plan.

Ready to make an effective business plan that works for you? Check out our library of ready-made strategy and planning templates and chart your path to success.

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Written by Kevin Conner | July 18, 2022

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Many aspiring business owners don’t know where to get started. They have a vision, but thinking about marketing, hiring, product development, and more can become overwhelming. In most cases, the best place to start is crunching the numbers—determining your business startup costs.

Without a budget, you can’t make good decisions, and you can’t make a budget without understanding your expenses.

So to help you keep your business from being one of the many that go under each year, we wanted to outline some examples of typical startup costs so you can better budget your business and know what to expect. After consulting this cost checklist, you should be able to determine a forward plan of action for your new enterprise.

Note that we wanted to focus mostly on online  businesses, but other businesses can still greatly benefit and do some quick adjustments and research to make sure they’re on the right track as well.

Business Startup Costs

Supplies, furniture, and office space, marketing and web presence, inventory and production, fees, taxes, and licenses, having a backup fund, setting up your budget, paying yourself adequately.

You need to be able to support yourself without hurting yourself. If you cut corners in your own personal life (by deeply cutting your salary), it can affect your physical and mental health, which can be a contributing factor to business failure. The Global Benefits Attitudes survey shows a clear link between reduced workplace productivity and increased stress levels. Don’t sell yourself short, and don’t try to cut your own salary first.

Review the real cost of living in your area and be honest with yourself about what you would be comfortable with. Be sure to add health insurance and other benefits (for yourself and your household, if applicable) into that equation.

This is your business. Your personal well-being is a core need to consider. When calculating your salary needs, include:

•        Rent or mortgage payments •        Utility costs •        Child care costs •        Property, luxury, excise, and other taxes •        Insurance (car, home, and/or other) •        Vehicle payments or maintenance costs •        Debt or credit card payments. •        Groceries •        Entertainment costs •        Gifts •        Clothing

Your payroll for your business, especially an online business, can be a complicated item on your startup costs list. As a general rule, payroll is the greatest startup cost for a business. Fundera  considers it to be 25-50% of a total budget.

At the same time, your employees, if you have any, will make or break your business.

An online business has many options and few constraints. It might be in your best long-term financial interest to have someone on your permanent payroll. But you almost never need onsite employees, and you can look to the growing pool of remote workers .

There’s a strong possibility that you’ll want to use freelance help as you start your business, as there are a series of specialized tasks (web development, perhaps some initial marketing, graphic design, and more) that you’ll want help with.

Freelancers vary in cost greatly depending on the level of experience you are looking for. This is also the department where “you get what you pay for” matters most. Don’t let working for your business become a race to the bottom for subpar freelancers desperate for any gig.

You can find freelancers either through job boards, contacts you might have in the industry, Facebook groups, and sites such as UpWork  and Fiverr . Each platform has its advantages and disadvantages, so look for what would be best for your needs. If you need help, consult this resource on how to hire remote workers or hire for small businesses .

As for the business startup costs relating to freelancers, try to tally up the estimated hours and multiply that by the rates you are willing to pay.

Here are a few common examples of freelancers you might hire and what they might cost:

•        Freelance writers (for initial copy) – They are generally paid per word. For quality work you can expect to pay 15 to 25 cents per word. Some writers also charge per project. •        Freelance designers – $25-$300 per hour •        Web Development or Programming – $30-$150 per hour •        Virtual Assistants – $5 to $25 per hour

The rates vary due to location, service, and what the freelancer charges. Typically, US-based freelancers charge the highest rates. Here’s a more detailed breakdown of average freelancer hourly rates .

Just because your business doesn’t have a physical storefront doesn’t mean that you don’t need a space and tools to work with. Many owners don’t consider this until too late when compiling their business startup costs list. We’re here to help you flesh out the ideas likely already floating around your head.

Computer Equipment, Programs, Apps, etc.

Computer equipment can be a notable business startup cost. For security and organizational reasons, we recommend having a separate setup for your online business than for your personal use. Unless you’re in video production or another business that will require a much more powerful setup, the following examples of startup costs can serve as a decent guide:

• A desktop with a monitor or two. We recommend something in the $1,000-$1,500 price range for most people.
• A laptop in the same price range ($1,000-$1,500) is a great choice, although you won’t get as much screen space and performance.
• A printer and scanner will prove necessary, and we recommend you pick something that will last your business a few years ($100-$200 should be a good range to start with).
• Software such as Word and Excel, and a finance tracking program. A point of sale program might also be necessary. These might run you $100-$300 a year for the relevant subscriptions.
• Data breaches can be extremely costly. With this in mind, a security suite and a password manager ( McAfee and Kaspersky are common choices) and a password manager ( LastPass is a fine option) are great investments for about $100 a year. You might also want protective measures for your websites and other online assets.

Home Office Space

You can run your business from your couch, but it is far from the most productive option. You need to invest in a space or working environment  free from distractions for hours at a time. It doesn’t need to be extravagant, but it does need to be comfortable and meet your needs.

As far as furnishing it, you don’t need to let it take over your business startup costs list. You should be able to find everything quite cheaply if you don’t mind things that might be used or mismatched. You can easily find a desk for at or less than $50 and a good chair for the same price. You can find a working lamp for $10 and a filing cabinet for $40-$50. Consider looking at Facebook Marketplace , Craigslist , or similar sites.

Working from home can actually ease your tax burden, but if you can’t make it work, this can easily balloon into one of your largest expenses. Another idea would be to find a coworking space or startup incubator in your area. They often have tiered options, from floating desks to private offices, that can grow with your business.

Read more: Learn How to Start a Small Business at Home

Marketing makes your business stand out from the rest of the pack. You might be intimidated by the huge costs of large marketing firms, but don’t worry. You don’t need to work with a firm when you are starting out. You can DIY your marketing and as you scale, start outsourcing  your marketing tasks to freelancers and/or agencies.

To manage marketing-related business startup costs wisely, you might want to start with some of the following options first:

Use Your Personal Network: You shouldn’t spam everyone you’re connected to, but you should reach out to anyone who would be genuinely interested, via email or social media. Talk to them about what you’re doing. Seek not to just promote your brand but to help people while promoting your brand. The only cost is some of your time.

Note the Importance of Word of Mouth Marketing: As this Invesp infographic  shows, many studies have been done to the effect that word of mouth marketing is by far the most effective long-term option for most businesses. Building a strong reputation is an effective strategy for long-term success, and building a strong reputation is more about your service and product quality than any single expense.

Content Marketing:  This tends to be a long-term investment, which might not sound great for a business startup cost, but content marketing will in time help get more eyes on your online business. Focus on quality, not quantity, and offer information no one else can. As for the cost, you can either hire content specialists (which can be expensive, depending on the field and quality of writing you want) or work on it yourself for the cost of your time. To learn more about content marketing and the potential tactics to use, Content Marketing  Institute is a great resource.

Here is a list of some typical content marketing tasks. As far as the costs, they entirely scale, so you will want to determine your marketing budget and see how much you wish to invest in each method.

• Content creation: refer to freelance writing rates earlier in this article.
• Influencer marketing: Rates range from free product for influencers to thousands per content piece posted, depending on the popularity of the influencer.
• Search Engine Optimization: When you start your business, you can do your own SEO. As you grow, you may want to consult with experts. You can either hire a freelancer (see section above) or use an agency. An agency will cost you the most money, with packages in the thousands of dollars per month. Costs will vary, but here are some industry averages .
• Social Media: Social media marketing won’t cost you anything but your time and maybe a few posting tools to help you stay organized. As you grow, you can hire a social media manager to create content and manage your profiles. We talk more about social media in the next section.
• Advertising : Be careful when it comes to social media advertising . In the past 2 years, competition and cost have drastically increased. So hire a trusted agency, or professional, or learn how to do it from an expert. Costs can range from $40-$60 per hour or more depending if you’re working with an independent contractor to set up your ads or working with a full-service agency.

Web and Social Media Presence

Your web and social media presence is for all intents and purposes your storefront. Even if you have a brick-and-mortar business, it’s a nearly mandatory business startup cost.

Here are the things you need to work on and their associated costs:

Social Media Accounts

Facebook and Twitter are useful platforms to engage with your audience and build a community of followers.

Instagram is another important account to create, especially if you’re dealing with physical products that you want to show off to potential customers. Consider platforms where your audience (or potential customers) spend screen time. Don’t be afraid to start on platforms like TikTok . Even if you don’t have time to invest in different channels, securing the handles will ensure your brand is secure if you want to pursue growth at a later time.

Regarding upkeep and maintenance, you don’t need a professional social media manager in the beginning, as they are simply another monthly cost of running a business that you can spend elsewhere.

Focus on the platforms you think will be most effective for your business, favor in time expenditures, and invest in a few social media management apps such as Hootsuite , Buffer  or Sprout Social   to make things easy on yourself. The plan/app will cost $30-$100 a month (some have a free option).

A Quality Website

Since in most cases this will be your storefront, your website is a business startup cost you’ll want to make a priority. Look into getting professional help, but note the tiers of cost:

• A fully functional bespoke (100% custom) website can cost you upwards of $10,000, but you likely don’t need to start there.
•   $50-$100 for the basic template. (Here’s a popular WordPress template gallery )
• $25-$50 per hour for a developer to customize the template
• Additional varying costs based on the content you want on your site (see freelancing costs).
• Another few hundred per year for additional features such as security measures, an SSL certificate, guarantees and support costs, and miscellaneous website expenses.
• You can use sites like  UpWork  to get contractors to bid on your website project. You may be able to get a basic functional site for your business for a few hundred dollars. Just make sure to check the reviews of the applicants and choose providers with a long work history and good reviews.

If you have a little technical know-how and you want to load the WordPress template yourself and tinker around with it, you will only need to purchase the template. Templates come with customization instructions that don’t require a developer. You will, however, need a developer if you want to go above and beyond the template’s capabilities.

WordPress Alternatives

If you are starting an ecommerce business, Shopify  is an all-in-one website creator. Similar to WordPress, you can customize the templates within Shopify’s capabilities, but above and beyond that will require a developer. In most cases, most ecommerce businesses do not need a developer, as Shopify offers many apps that cover most ecommerce needs. Pricing starts at $29/month.

If you are running an agency, or freelancing or consulting or starting a creative endeavor, Squarespace  may be an option. The templates and customization are limited but they are modern and beautiful. Squarespace will be an option if you are looking for something simple and streamlined. Pricing starts at $12/month billed annually.

Note that these options above include  website hosting and maintenance in the price. That’s why there is a monthly fee. If you go with WordPress.org, you will have to secure your own hosting.

Web Hosting

Web hosting will, at least at the start, cost you perhaps $10 a month, and scale up from there. The domain name will be an additional few dollars a month, and outside of that it depends on the tools and other services you might be using.

We would like to note that professional help in this area is often worth it. The hours you would have to put in to create a great website can often be costlier than hiring someone else.

Inventory is a wildly varying business startup cost. If your online business is service-based or you don’t have any inventory to worry about, please feel free to move on to the next section.

Otherwise, the main priority from a business startup cost perspective is to make sure that there is always enough product available to fulfill orders. If you can’t fulfill orders, you can’t make any profit and you’ll likely lose customers.

Consider the following factors:

• Do the products expire or age in any way? Does it require any special type of storage conditions in order to maintain optimum quality?
• How easily can you restock? Is there anything that, at times, might be unavailable? How long does a manufacturing order or shipment to your processing center (or office) take?
• How quickly do you expect products to sell? Does your business focus on moving a lot of inventory or selling the right, more expensive items to a few buyers?
• Can you scale up storage in the event of success? You don’t want to be caught unaware by an unexpected spike in sales.

You will also want to consider storage costs, which can similarly vary based on the nature of your products. Look into what’s locally available or consider an external fulfillment service.

If you are handling manufacturing or creating your own products, you will need to consider production costs. The numbers here will vary so greatly that only you can do the math, but we do have a few tips and action items:

• You can mitigate some of the production costs through bulk orders, but you’ll become a little less adaptable in the process. What if you want to change your design or model after you start? What if you find a small design flaw in the first batch? You will need to strike the right balance.
• A manufacturing partner can be expensive, but things like reliability and accessibility mean a great deal and can be worth the added cost. For example, if a factory shuts down, has other orders, or simply goes off the grid for a few days when you need to reach them, those lost days will eat into your profit margin.
• If you perform production yourself in any way, you will want to consider the costs of scaling up should you find success. Can you reasonably put more time and effort into creating more cakes, for example? What’s the cutoff point for your own effort?

This guide can provide you with further information on inventory and production pricing through the cost of goods formula (COGS).

When determining and managing your business startup costs, you are going to want to spend some time making sure these routine costs are accounted for.

Taxes are another item that will vary from business to business, and the nature of online business often makes it trickier. You do not want to deal with a tax bill you never anticipated nor budgeted for. You might need to deal with several different levels of taxes, depending on how and where you operate.

• As an individual, you should learn more about self-employment taxes .
• You will need to pay taxes quarterly.
• You will need to pay taxes on any profits your business generates.
• You will likely need to pay payroll taxes , unemployment taxes , and workers’ compensation taxes (this varies depending on your country or region).

You will also either want to consult a tax professional or review the regulations in your area via the website of your state’s department of revenue.

Processing Fees

These can add up to cost you 1-2% of your revenue if you’re not careful. If depends partially on the deal you have going with your payment processor. PayPal often takes a cut ($0.30 USD, plus 2.9% of the amount you receive (more on Paypal fees here ), and credit card processing ( can range from very low to 3%+ depending on your agreement) will be the most common culprit. Also, beware of banking fees.

Licenses and Permits

While we won’t go into too much detail here (there are too many options, and it would be wise to look this up if applicable on your own), we do, however, want to remind you to budget for appropriate licensure and permits in your industry. This is more likely to apply to food service industries, construction industries, and some financial service industries. This guide from Fundera  is a great resource to work from to learn more. You should also look at local (city and town) regulations that might pertain to your industry.

Most businesses are not profitable at first, and it could take quite a while to break through and earn a steady stream of income. While the costs of an online business aren’t exorbitant as they might be for more traditional businesses, they can still be a drain, especially if you’re also working on it full time and have no other sources of income. You do not want to make business decisions based on short-term personal financial needs.

When starting out, you need to make sure you either have a reliable stream of income or enough in the bank to keep full operating costs going for at least one year and up to three years, if you think your platform or idea might take a while to take off. This guide will break down the different types of routes to funding a startup. This amount can vary greatly depending on your industry, so do some extra research beforehand and know how much you should have stored away.

Your budget should, at the end of the day, be one of the guiding documents of your business, alongside its mission statement and business plan. You can organize it how you would like. Just remember that businesses that don’t keep the details in mind generally aren’t as efficient as businesses that do. As for how to set it up, follow these steps:

• Make an itemized list of every expense or potential expense associated with your business.
• Plan out each item over the quarter as well as the year, as best as you are able.
• Set up a system where you can easily and nearly automatically update it each day or week with any new expenses, etc.
• At the end of each quarter, review your budget and adjust it as necessary. Be OK with the unexpected occurring and the numbers not perhaps being what you expected, but take the new data into consideration when making adjustments.

While there are further details, those are the basic steps. You can either use a program such as Float  or Freshbooks  to help you, or you can use a spreadsheet (and there are templates to help, you can download plenty from Microsoft  alone for Excel).

No two budgets should ever look the same, but here are a few additional things you should consider when setting up your budget for business startup costs:

• Have an emergency fund outside of your backup fund ready. If you have the resources to deal with it, it’s less of an emergency and more of an inconvenience. Try to have at least three months of expenditures on hand for an emergency, or more if you know something particularly expensive could happen such as upcoming car repairs.
• Try to keep a simplified budget handy that you can check at a glance, so you can refer to it as you make decisions.
• A budget is at times an evolving document. The budget should reflect reality as best as possible, and sometimes that requires changes to be made.
• Track everything. There is no expense too small. There are apps and programs to help with this if you think it will be too much of a chore (and those feels are justified). Some of these are Mint , Moneybook , and QuickBooks .

Managing Your Business Startup Costs

We encourage you to bookmark this page so you can check back for reference later. No one expects you to understand everything all at once and this can serve as a great business startup costs list.

Remember that your labor and energy are important things to consider when establishing how much it cost to start a business. Be aware of service and recurring costs, hidden opportunity costs, and similar items. Keep all of your options available to you, and don’t forget that managing costs effectively doesn’t always mean cutting corners. Above all else, be open to new opportunities and adapting to the market.

You shouldn’t have to start your business alone. Explore our free training series for frameworks at every stage of your entrepreneurial journey.

About Kevin Conner

Kevin Conner is the founder and CEO of Vast Bridges, a customer acquisition and lead generation company in the home services arena. Kevin has contributed to outlets such as Startup Stockpile , AgilityPR and more. Kevin Conner and Vast Bridges have been featured in Inc and the Jacksonville Business Journal .

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How to Calculate Business Startup Costs

Starting a business from scratch takes a lot out of you, even before you begin operating—whether it’s about selecting a revenue model, securing startup funding, or estimating startup costs.

I already knew it was challenging for entrepreneurs to calculate the startup costs accurately.

However, when I turned up to my computer, researching this article, I discovered so many challenges new business owners face while estimating startup costs that I had overlooked or didn’t pay much attention to earlier.

Thousands of startups close down every single year. 38% of them fail solely because they underestimated their startup costs and ran out of cash. You can’t ignore something like that, can you?

That said, I’m ready to pour my research into the article to help you calculate your business startup costs .

So, you’re ready to begin? Let’s dive right in.

Key Takeaways

• Startup costs are the expenses a startup must bear in the process of starting a new business, while operational costs are the expenses that are incurred during daily operations.
• Different types of business structures, such as sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations, have different costs.
• Business insurance, formation fees, licensing and permits, and marketing are some of the most common business startup costs.
• A modern financial forecasting tool is the most efficient method for calculating startup costs.

How much does it cost to start a business?

Startup costs for a small business depend on various factors like business model, location, industry, and scale of operations. Although it’s tough to estimate precisely, Guidant Financial’s 2023 survey reported that the average cost of starting a small business falls between $50K and $1 million .

You must consider the industry, business category, working capital requirements, and other common expenses associated with the business for the accurate estimation of startup costs.

Let’s kickstart this guide by discussing the common startup expenses to consider while starting a new venture.

Common Business Startup Costs to Consider

It is a typical list of expected business startup costs with rough cost estimates you must plan for while starting a new business. Your actual startup costs will entirely depend on your business category and the industry you serve.

Following are some of the most common startup costs to consider:

1. Equipment and tools

It’s no surprise we’re starting the list with equipment and tools. There’s no way a business can operate without the necessary equipment. The equipment costs may range from $10,000 to $120,000 . However, these costs will entirely depend on the business type and equipment requirements.

For instance, starting a food truck would require financing a food truck and expensive kitchen equipment, while starting a small daycare would only require purchasing a few play area equipment.

Here are the average equipment costs for some of the popular business types:

• Restaurant and food trucks: $24,000 to $120,000+
• Small Bakery: $6,000 to $8,000
• Clothing line: $2,000 to $15,000+
• Construction: $10,000 to $50,000
• Law firm: $5,000 to $25,000+
• Barbershop: $1,000 to $2,000

2. Incorporation fees

The first thing you should do is choose a business entity when you plan to form a new business. The most common and preferred business structure types include sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, and LLC.

The business incorporation or filing fees can range from $50 to $725 in the United States depending on your industry, the state you operate in, and the business structure you choose.

However, the average incorporation fee is $300 in the majority of the states in the US. You may contact your secretary of state’s website to learn more about the filing fees or process for the articles of incorporation or articles of organization.

3. Business licensing and permits

Operating any small business requires specific licenses and permits depending on the industry compliance and regulations. For instance, a trucking company requires a USDOT number, heavy vehicle use tax, and others, while a restaurant may need licenses like food safety and liquor licenses to operate.

Similar to different filing fees for other business structures, the business licensing and permit fees vary depending on the business industry and regulatory compliance. You can expect to spend between $1,000 to $5,000 for your licensing and permitting requirements.

4. Office or retail space

If you’re starting a small business that can be operated from home like a home bakery or an online clothing store, you may not have to worry about office space costs.

But if it’s not the case, paying for an office or a retail space would make up a sizable portion of your fixed expenses, no matter whether you rent or buy the place.

Based on our research, you should spend around $100 to $1200 per employee monthly on your workspace.

However, the actual office space expense will entirely depend on your location and the type of space you’re using.

5. Legal and professional fees

Professional and legal fees may sound like an additional expense while starting up with limited resources, but it’s essential to ensure compliance with regulations and maintain accurate financial records.

You may choose legal assistance for business licensing, EIN registration, and legal paperwork, a business consultant for market research and strategic planning, and an accountant for bookkeeping and tax planning.

You can hire these professional consultants on an hourly basis; their services typically cost around $40 to $150 per hour.  You should spend around $2,000 to $10,000 per year on professional and legal fees.

6. Inventory

Retail, wholesale, distribution, and manufacturing—if your small business falls under any of the mentioned categories, you need an inventory to operate your business. Finding the ideal inventory size to carry can be challenging when entering a new marketplace.

You want to attract more and more customers and make sales in your early days. However, you can’t also risk having too much inventory since it can increase spoilage.

Consider allocating 15% to 25% of your budget to inventory, depending on your industry. You will eventually learn more about inventory management once your business starts operating and making sales.

7. Marketing and advertising

Although it’s an optional expense, marketing is something worth investing in. Your marketing expenses may include physical materials like sign boards, banners, hoarding, paid social media advertising and search ads, or money paid to marketing agencies or consultants.

It is suggested to keep your advertising and promotion costs under 10% of your budget. If you’re working on a really tight budget, there’s no need to spend big bucks on marketing or hire fancy consultants or agencies.

With social media being a free marketing platform, over 47% of small business owners run their marketing efforts themselves, and you can do it, too.

8. Website development

A business website is like an online office where customers can contact you, learn more about your offerings, and seek assistance.

When building a website, make sure it looks professional, is easy to navigate, and displays the relevant information about your product and service offerings, as well as the contact information.

You can either develop a business website using website builders like Wix and Squarespace or hire a developer to do it for you.

Creating a website can range between $1,000 to $10,000 when you hire a developer, whereas you can do it on your own with website builders by spending around 40 dollars a month.

9. Business Insurance

Like you have a house, car, and health insurance, you need business insurance to ensure your business remains intact in troublesome and inevitable times, be it a natural disaster or a customer filing a lawsuit against your business.

The level of security and type of business insurance your business will require depends entirely on your business, industry, and the number of employees you have. For instance, a big-scale manufacturing company with over a thousand employees would require much stronger insurance compared to a home bakery.

Some of the must-have business insurance types include:

• General liability insurance—for all online, offline, and home-based businesses.
• Worker’s compensation insurance—for businesses with 1 or more employees.
• Professional liability insurance—for businesses offering consulting services.

You must expect to spend approximately $500 to $1500 annually on business insurance.

10. Payroll

Payroll is undoubtedly one of the major business expenses most businesses incur. However, there’s no denying how crucial it is to hire quality employees to make your business thrive.

Of course, payroll expenses are employee salaries, but there’s more to it. Your payroll expenses may also include:

• Incentive or bonus
• Commissions
• Paid time off
• Overtime pay
• Travel allowance
• Other benefits

Most businesses spend around 20% to 50% of their monthly budget on payroll. It can be more or less for your business depending on your business and the number of employees you have.

11. Office furniture and supplies

Those planning to have a traditional nine-to-five corporate workplace, be ready to spend some severe bucks on office furniture and office supplies.

When you operate from a corporate workspace, you need a desk, chair, telephone extension, computer, computer programs like accounting software, and, of course, a coffee machine or two.

The cost of furniture and supplies depends solely on your employee strength and the size of the office. However, it’s recommended to keep your furniture and supply costs to 10% of your total startup costs.

12. Utilities

No matter whether you plan to rent or purchase a workspace, you are bound to pay utility bills that include electricity, gas, water, internet, and phone bills for your office.

Unlike other fixed costs, it’s hard to estimate utility expenses, but the average cost of utilities for commercial buildings is $2.10 per square foot , according to a report by Iota Communications .

Besides the electricity, internet, and phone bills, the utility expenses may also incur the HVAC unit installation costs. This heating and cooling system will add a few additional thousand dollars to your startup expenses.

13. Business taxes

How much you’d spend on business taxes will depend on your business entity, tax-deductible expenses, and revenue. Since it’s hard to predict your revenue, estimating the exact amount to allocate for tax preparation may feel a bit challenging.

Under US federal law, corporations pay a flat 21% corporate income tax . If you’re a pass-through entity(a legal entity that passes all its income on to the owners), the business income or losses will pass through to your personal taxes.

However, you, as a pass-through entity, can claim a 20% deduction on income before paying taxes.

 14. Other expenses

Since you’ve reached this section, you must already have a clear understanding of all the expected startup costs, whether they are one-time or recurring expenses.

Here, we will discuss the other costs most small business owners tend to miss or overlook while estimating the startup costs— research expenses and borrowing costs .

Capital is required for starting a business, and equity financing and debt financing are considered to be the most preferred ways to acquire the initial working capital.

Equity financing, however, does not apply to most small businesses since it requires stock issuance. So, securing a small business loan seems to be the most likely source of debt financing for small business owners.

Research expenses, on the other hand, are the expenses incurred even before you started operating, spent on conducting a careful industry analysis and market research.

When calculating your startup costs, make sure to include these two as well.

Since we have already discussed common business expenses, let’s move on discussing calculating the startup costs.

How to Calculate the Costs of Starting a Business

There are various ways to calculate the cost of starting a business. Still, drafting a business plan remains the best way to estimate startup costs.

The financial forecasting section of your plan provides three to five-year projections of revenue, profit, and expense.

The other resources for estimating startup costs include using Upmetrics’ startup costs worksheet or calculator . These resources will help you estimate the initial investment required and determine how much capital or financing you’ll need.

Know that many of the common business expenses we discussed earlier are recurring, with some of them being one-time expenses.

Be sure to categorize them and calculate the recurring expenses on a monthly, quarterly, and annual basis. In contrast, consider expenses like incorporation fees and equipment financing one-time costs.

Sounds like a lot to digest? Get a business planning software like Upmetrics and calculate startup costs in minutes with AI-powered financial forecasting .

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Calculating Startup Costs for Your Small Business

Does your business fall under one of these categories? Excellent. We have startup cost guides for all the business categories listed below. Get a cost estimate for starting the business you plan to launch.

How to Reduce Your Business Startup Costs

Starting a business means being prepared to bear some non-negotiable expenses; there’s no other way around. However, sound research and thoughtful planning can help you save on high-ticket purchases—ultimately reducing your startup costs.

For instance, hiring professional business plan writers can be expensive for a business owner on a tight budget to create a business plan, so they can opt for a business planning software like Upmetrics to draft a business plan at a much lesser cost.

It was just an example, here are a few tips to help you reduce your business startup costs.

1. Create a business plan

It doesn’t make sense. Isn’t it another business expense? How will it reduce costs? Some of you must be having this line of questioning in your mind, but let us clear it up for you.

Brainstorming and listing all the important business costs, and estimating your total startup costs is challenging. Missing out on some critical expenses tends to happen. However, creating a comprehensive business plan makes things easier.

An AI-powered tool like Upmetrics makes sure you don’t miss out on any critical information and helps you properly estimate your startup costs.

Remember, accurate estimation of startup costs is your first step to reducing them.

2. Start small

You don’t need everything or a perfect business setup when you are not making any sales, forget about the business profits. Start small with limited resources and grow your business as it grows financially.

For instance, instead of having a big fancy office for your startup, start with a remote team or a co-working space until you raise capital or gather the necessary resources.

One way of doing that would be listing all the major high-ticket expenses and researching competitive alternatives for them.

3. Lease instead of purchasing

Of course, having your own office or a retail space feels good, but not at the cost of more than 70% of your budget for starting a business. Prefer leasing the place instead of purchasing.

It will leave you with enough working capital or cash to efficiently manage your business operations and handle the other non-negotiable costs.

Furthermore, there’s no guarantee your storefront will find success at the very first location; you may have to relocate if things don’t work out. The further process will be more straightforward with leasing, whereas the same won’t be the case when you own the place.

4. Buy used equipment, tools, or furniture

Since you’re looking for ways to reduce costs and save money, there’s no way for you to have brand-new business equipment, tools, and furniture. You can look for used equipment, tools, and furniture on online selling sites like eBay and Etsy.

Be sure to thoroughly check the equipment before purchasing to avoid any future restoration or repair costs.

5. Funding and business credit card

Now that you have a long list of capital expenditures, you will need financing or funding to manage all these costs. You can’t simply do it all on your own, can you?

It won’t reduce the startup costs but will help you get resources to manage them. Your funding options include debt and equity financing. You may apply for a business loan, reach out to angel investors, or apply for business grants to secure the initial investment for your business.

With limited debt financing options, it could be tough to get through. Applying for a business credit card can be a more accessible alternative to a business loan. You can easily qualify for it while also gaining a higher credit limit than your personal credit card.

Make sure you’re not totally relying on it or taking out more than you can repay. This can negatively impact your credit score, making it harder for you to secure business loans in the future.

And, the final section leads us to our conclusion!

And there you have it. We hope now you have a better understanding of startup cost calculation. What’s next? It’s time to estimate the actual costs of starting a business, be it a bakery, restaurant, or hot shot trucking, and start budgeting.

Get your hands on the modern and AI-powered business planning solution, Upmetrics—and create precise startup cost projections in minutes, just like that.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the average cost to start a small business.

It is a question with a broad scope for the answer since you can start a business with an initial investment of $100, $1,000, and up to a million dollars or even more. However, the startup and first-year operational expenses fall somewhere between $30,000 to $40,000.

How do you calculate startup costs?

The most easy-to-use method to calculate startup costs is to create a business plan. It’s easier than ever to calculate your startup costs using a tool like Upmetrics. 

Simply head to the financial forecasting feature, get AI suggestions to list your startup and organizational costs, add remaining costs, and let it make the automated calculations for you.

What are business startup costs?

Business startup costs are expenses incurred when starting a new business. These can be your marketing costs, payroll expenses, or any other costs involved. These can either be recurring or one-time costs. 

For instance, your advertising costs are recurring, whereas incorporation fees are a one-time expense. Although there can be some common startup expenses, the value or costs for them may not be the same for two different businesses.

What is the difference between startup costs and operational expenses?

Startup costs are the expenses small businesses incur when starting a new business, whereas operational expenses are those incurred during normal day-to-day business operations. 

For instance, equipment financing can be considered a startup cost, whereas inventory or marketing costs can be your operational expenses.

What are the examples of start-up costs?

The following can be considered as a few examples of startup costs:

• Equipment costs
• Inventory expenses
• Business licenses and permits
• Marketing and advertising expenses
• Payroll expenses
• And others.

About the Author

Vinay Kevadiya

Vinay Kevadiya is the founder and CEO of Upmetrics, the #1 business planning software. His ultimate goal with Upmetrics is to revolutionize how entrepreneurs create, manage, and execute their business plans. He enjoys sharing his insights on business planning and other relevant topics through his articles and blog posts. Read more

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10 Small Business Startup Costs

If you buy into the Silicon Valley (opens in new tab) cliché, startup expenses boil down to a team of coders with gaming laptops, some cloud infrastructure, workspace in a hip incubator and an endless supply of Red Bull, all paid for by TechCrunch Disrupt (opens in new tab) prize money.

In the real world, there’s a bit more to it.

In robust economic times, startups can often get enough VC funding to launch a business in style without any plan on how they’ll become profitable. Those days are over, for now anyway. Profitability is the new metric, and as any B-school grad knows, strong unit margins depend on keeping a lid on costs right from the start.

For a startup, spending freely while relying on sales to keep your business in the black is a risky strategy. You need to scrutinize all spending—costs to establish your company, services, inventory, payroll, equipment, marketing, software, legal fees, even whether to hire a controller—then prioritize, document and continually assess.

What are Small Business Startup Costs?

Many new businesses, excited by their big ideas, neglect the careful planning and meticulous accounting needed to manage expenses. They rely instead on an expected flood of customers to keep operations afloat—sometimes with abysmal results, judging from small-business survival statistics.

You do need a plan, but you don’t need to start from scratch. The U.S. Small Business Administration provides templates (opens in new tab) tailored to three startup categories: brick-and-mortar businesses, online businesses and service providers. We also provide a template, below.

You’ll face different startup expenses depending on your business type, though most companies will need some equipment and supplies, communications and collaboration technologies, licenses and permits, professional services such as a lawyer and for-hire bookkeeper or accountant, advertising and marketing, and a website to reach customers.

Key Takeaways

• Estimating both one-time and ongoing costs ensures your business has enough capital to sustain itself for a period of time without completely relying on sales.
• Document, document, document: To get a loan, you’ll need copies of agreements with key suppliers and clients, a projection of expected income and costs and more. So keep records.
• Typical small-business startup expenses include research, licensing fees, payroll, insurance and rent.

Small Business Startup Expenses Explained

Startup costs are the expenses needed to launch a new business. Some, like costs to qualify to get into a type of industry or business, such as getting a license to practice law or sell real estate, aren’t deductible. But you can deduct $5,000 in startup costs and $5,000 in organizational costs (opens in new tab) in the first year of business as long as your total costs are $50,000 or less; if you spend more, you’ll need to amortize those costs.

Good to go:

• Legal, brokerage, accounting, appraisal and similar costs incurred to acquire a capital asset
• Customer surveys and other market research expenses
• Site selection costs when choosing a physical location
• Incorporation and partnership filing fees
• Salaries and wages for employees who are being trained and their instructors.

Don’t try it:

• Deductible interest and taxes, such as real estate
• If you’re setting up a partnership, related costs, such as a broker, registration and legal fees and printing costs
• Any costs incurred after you get the business up and running. At that point, you need to switch from startup to small-business deductions

As the SBA points out in its SMB guide, different businesses will have different types of expenses—a professional services firm may want offices, while an ecommerce store needs warehouse space.

However, there are a few types of expenses that are common for most types of businesses. What’s important to know is whether the IRS considers a cost a capital expense—that is, an asset, like machinery, office furniture or company vehicles, that’s carried on the balance sheet and depreciated over a set period of time.

Classification is important when looking to reduce business taxes because capital purchases are typically amortized or depreciated meaning the expense is spread out over several years.

It’s also crucial to determine a launch date for your business. From there, figure out the time period during which you can deduct startup costs. In most cases, you can go back as far as one year from your business’ startup date.

Why Calculate Startup Costs?

Calculating startup costs gives you a snapshot of the costs to launch and fund your business. How much do you need for one-off expenses, such as furniture? That shows how much capital you need for your business to open its doors.

Understanding recurring or ongoing expenses, such as payroll and cost of goods sold (COGs), helps you analyze your cash flow needs, so you know how much business revenue you need to at least break even. It also makes it easier for you to set aside enough money—say, six months’ worth of ongoing expenses—so you’re not heavily dependent on business revenue right away, or at least until you’re past the early stages.

Importance of Outlining Startup Costs in Your Business Plan

While venture capital has dominated headlines in the business press, very few companies pursue that financing route: In 2019, the VC industry spent $136 billion to fund just 11,000 U.S. companies. Many more businesses rely on credit cards, loans and lines of credit to fund their startup costs.

But whatever route you take, you must know approximately how much you’ll need before seeking outside funding. The documentation required for most loans includes copies of agreements with key suppliers and clients along with a detailed one-year projection of expected income and costs, with a narrative on how you expect to make those numbers match up.

10 Common Small Business Startup Expenses

Though the list below is divided into one-time and ongoing startup expenses, you’ll notice some of them overlap. What’s important is being thorough and honest about your expectations.

One-time expenses

Research expenses: A business plan provides an overview and a map of your new business. It will force you to consider costs and different strategies to ensure your business’ longevity. This includes carefully researching the industry you’re in, your target market and the best tax structure for you. If you’re hiring a market research firm, this expense needs to be put in your business plan.

Borrowing costs and raising funds: Financing can be in the form of equity (such as issuing stock)  or debt (such as a bond). Most small-business owners take on debt from banks or the Small Business Administration (SBA). Depending on the financial institution, you may need to pay an initial fee, such as an application or origination fee. Of course, there will be ongoing costs in the form of principal and interest payments.

License and permit fees: Depending on the nature of your business, you may need to obtain authorizations and inspections to get your business license or permit. Some industry-specific permits may cost more than others. You’ll also need to factor in filing articles of incorporation or articles of organization, depending on state guidelines.

Equipment and supplies: All businesses need some type of supplies and equipment. These costs may be one-time or ongoing, depending on whether you make a purchase outright or decide to lease.

Ongoing Expenses

Marketing: Advertising and promotion aren’t only for the early stages. You’ll need to develop and implement a marketing plan that should be factored into ongoing costs. And, don’t neglect a PR strategy, which can increase brand visibility and build trust with the public.

Payroll and benefits: The cost of human resources includes wages, salaries, commissions, bonuses, stipends and any employee benefits you have. Planning on fair compensation ensures lower turnover and attracts talent to your organization. This cost can also include contractors if you’re not hiring employees.

Insurance: Business insurance can include workers’ compensation and short-term disability. Experts warn to be careful of overspending here. Also consider insurance to protect your customers as well as your personal assets from any business-related legal liabilities. Insurance can either be an annual or monthly cost.

Utilities: Water, electricity, internet and phone bills are common costs for brick-and-mortar businesses. These costs can also apply to home office spaces, but you can’t deduct all your utilities.

Technology: Technological expenses include the cost of a website, information systems and business software, including accounting and payroll software. Some small-business owners choose to outsource these functions to managed IT service providers or virtual CFOs or accountants to save on payroll and benefits, while others choose to purchase software-as-a-service (SaaS).

Inventory: Businesses such as those in the retail, restaurant and manufacturing sectors may need to purchase initial inventory to start and budget for ongoing operations. You must carefully calculate to ensure there is enough inventory to operate, but not so much that you’re stuck with items that aren’t necessary or may spoil. The importance of good inventory management is hard to overstate.

How to Calculate the Cost of Starting a Business

Calculating your small-business startup costs can help attract investors and estimate when you’ll start making a profit. Below are the basic steps to get started.

• Create a list of necessary expenses. This includes one-time and ongoing costs.
• Research estimated costs. Get as close as you can to the real cost of each item on your list. Your research should include comparing different vendors to help you minimize expenses without sacrificing quality. Depending on your business, research can include equipment leases, rent, office supplies and contractor salaries.
• Total up expense amounts. Add up your one-time expenses. Then, look at how much your ongoing expenses will cost for one month and multiply that figure by several months to calculate your initial total startup amount. How many is “several”? That depends on when you realistically expect to see revenue or additional funding.
• Add a cushion. A six- to 12-month cushion will help you keep your operations going, since it is difficult to forecast sales accurately to start.
• Tally up the final amount. Add the cushion amount to your initial estimates to arrive at the final number.

Free Startup Costs Worksheet

Download this free worksheet (opens in new tab) to help you calculate your startup costs.

Using Expense Management Software to Track Startup Expenses

Calculating small-business startup expenses will be a much more streamlined process when you use  expense management software.  Software also helps to automate the expense reporting process , so you can see right away how much of your funding goes to paying for reimbursable operating expenses.

Plus, if you work with others on a team, having a single source of data that syncs in real-time makes collaboration easier. It also helps you to document your expenses easily for tax reporting and auditing.

Improve Expense Management Efficiency

Small Business Startup Expense FAQs

What are examples of startup costs.

Examples of startup costs include licensing and permits, insurance, office supplies, payroll, marketing costs, research expenses, and utilities.

What is the average startup cost for a small business?

Since businesses and industries have different requirements, costs depend on variables such as whether you need  office or warehouse space, physical inventory and licensing. That’s why it’s crucial to estimate costs, such as expenses you'll incur before your business officially opens, assets aside from cash and a cushion in the event of operating deficits during the early stages.

Financial Management

Free 2020 Small Business Expenses and Tax Deduction Checklist

Taxes are a top financial challenge for small businesses surveyed in NFIB’s annual Problems and Priorities report—taking up four spots among the top 10 challenges. Federal taxes on business income and state taxes on…

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Planning, Startups, Stories

Tim berry on business planning, starting and growing your business, and having a life in the meantime., business plan financials: starting costs.

It’s really important to have an idea of what you need before you start. Continuing with my series on standard business plan financials , startups need to project starting costs. Starting costs set up a starting balance, which is necessary to plan cash flow. And the starting costs are critical to determining whether a startup can bootstrap or needs outside funding. For existing companies that already have financial results, projections start with the expected ending balance of the previous period. But for startups, it’s about starting costs.

Starting costs are essentially the sum of two kinds of spending. You can estimate them both in two simple lists:

• Startup expenses : These are expenses that happen before the beginning of the plan, before the first month of operations. For example, many new companies incur expenses for legal work, logo design, brochures, site selection and improvements, and signage. If there is a business location, then normally the startup pays rent for a month or more before opening. And if employees start receiving compensation before the opening, then those disbursements are also startup expenses.
• Startup assets : Typical startup assets are cash (the money in the bank when the company starts), business or plant equipment, office furniture, vehicles, and starting inventory for stores or manufacturers.

A Simple Starting Costs Example

I’ve used a bicycle store as an example in several posts that are part of this series of standard business plan financials. Here’s a visual in spreadsheet form, of sample starting costs for a hypothetical bicycle store.

Notice that the lists for estimating starting costs, on the left in the illustration above, are matched to another list of starting funding, on the right side of the illustration. Books have to balance, so the initial estimates need to include not just the money you spend, but also where it comes from. In the case above, Garrett had to find $124,500, and you can see that he financed it with Accounts Payable, debt, and investment in various categories.

Another Simple Starting Costs Example

Here is another simple example: the starting costs worksheet that Magda developed for the restaurant I used for a sample sales forecast . Magda’s list includes rent and payroll, the same as in her monthly spending, but here they are included in starting costs because these expenses happen before the launch.

I included rent and payroll because they point out the importance in timing. The difference between these as startup expenses and running expenses is timing, and nothing else. Magda could have chosen to plan startup expenses as a running worksheet on expenses, starting a few months before launch, as in the illustration below. The launch in this case is early January, so the expenses for October through December are startup expenses. I prefer the separate lists, because I like the way the two lists create an estimate of starting costs. But that’s an option.

The LivePlan Alternative

If you’re a LivePlan user, the LivePlan interface assumes this method and has a more intuitive interface than the spreadsheet version I’m showing in this post. For LivePlan, you start your plan when you start spending, regardless of launch date. So the spending you do for rent and salaries and such, before launch, is part of the flow, as above. Also, LivePlan has its own guided way of helping you figure out what assets you need, how much they cost, and how you are going to finance starting costs, to set up your balance. And the LivePlan cash flow estimator will help you decide how much cash you need, so you don’t have to follow the spreadsheet method here (below).

How to Estimate Your Starting Costs

Obviously the goal with starting costs isn’t just to track them, but to estimate them ahead of time so you have a better idea, before you start a new business, of what the financial costs might be. Breaking the items down into a practical list makes the educated guess a lot easier. Ideally, you know the business you want to start, you are already familiar with the industry, so you can do a useful estimate for most of the startup costs from your own experience. If you don’t have enough firsthand knowledge, then you should be talking to people who do. For others, such as insurance, legal costs, or graphic design for logos, call some providers or brokers, and talk to partners; educate those guesses.

Starting Cash is the Hardest and Most Important

How much cash do you need in the bank, as you launch? That’s usually the toughest starting cost question. It’s also prone to misinformation, such as those alleged rules of thumb you can find everywhere, saying you need to have a year’s worth of expenses, or six months’ worth, before you start. It’s not that simple. For most businesses, the startup cash isn’t a matter of what’s ideal, or what some expert says is the rule of thumb – it’s how much money you have, can get, and are willing to risk.

The best way is to do a Projected Cash Flow while leaving the supposed starting cash balance at zero, which shows how much (at least in theory, according to assumptions) the startup really needs in cash to support the business as it grows, before it reaches a monthly cash flow break-even point. Magda did that to determine the $12,000 needed as starting cash for her restaurant. Note how, in the illustration here, the lowest point in cash is slightly less than $12,000:

That low point comes, theoretically, in the third month of the business, March. The low point is $11,609. Obviously that’s just an educated guess, but it’s based on assumptions for sales forecast, expense budget, and important cash flow factors including sales on account and purchasing inventory. So it’s better than a stab in the dark, or some rule of thumb. Just as an example, the total spending with the estimates shown here, the theoretical “year’s worth of spending,” is $182,000 (which you don’t see on the illustration, by the way, but take my word for it). The total for the first six months is $93,000. If Magda sticks to those old formulas, she can’t start the business. She is able to raise enough money, between loans and her savings, to put $12,000 into the starting cash balance. So that’s what she does. Then she launches and continues to have her monthly reviews, and watch the performance of all key indicators very carefully.

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What are startup costs for a small business?

Table of Contents

What are startup costs for small businesses? 

7 startup expenses to plan for, 1) research costs, 2) equipment and tools , 3) inventory or supplies , 4) registration, licences, and permits, 5) insurance fees, 6) advertising and marketing , 7) loans, borrowed funds, and startup funding, how to calculate your small business startup cost, creating a starting budget , organising your finances, turn your startup costs into a successful business .

Starting a business comes at a cost. Startup costs are the new business expenses you’ll face when becoming a business owner.

This guide covers start-up costs for small businesses, including:

• What are startup costs for small businesses?
• 7 small business startup costs to plan for

Startup costs are the necessary expenses of starting your business. You’ll take them on to make you operational or ready to work with clients. 

They are the costs you cover before you even start selling products or offering your services. 

Your business startup costs vary depending on the type of business you start as each one requires different things. With that said, your business might be: 

• Low-cost – Your business doesn’t have a high startup cost, or they are more affordable to take on. 
• High-cost – Your business demands more startup expenses, which may be more expensive to handle. 

Knowing your startup costs is essential to planning. If you fail to calculate and fund these expenses, you could struggle with your business or put yourself in financial jeopardy. 

Learn more with our article on how to create a business plan for managing startup costs . 

As you put together a business plan to set up your company, you may need to invest in market research . 

Some research may be free to access, but you could spend money on:

• Private reports
• Membership access to journals, magazines, or databases

Some business owners even pay firms to do market research for them , leading to more credible and efficient results.  

Depending on what your business offers, you’ll need different startup assets to get started .

For example, say you plan to start a coffee shop. In this case, you’ll probably need: 

• Rental space with a kitchen
• An espresso machine
• Coffee bean grinder
• Coffee cups and plates
• A milk frother

These equipment expenses will likely be higher than if you plan to start an online tutoring business. For this, you’ll probably get by with a computer, strong internet connection, and video conferencing software. 

Aside from equipment, you’ll also need to stock up inventory or supplies based on what you sell . For example, if you open a knit shop, you’ll need to fill that shop with various yarns.

As you consider stock, compare supplier options to get an idea of what it’ll cost you to build your initial inventory . 

As you turn your idea into a legal entity, you’ll also need to pay for any registration and legal fees . Some services require unique credentials, licences, or permits to operate . So research if you’ll need one and how much it’ll cost. 

For example, if you plan to open a childminding business, you’ll need a licence ( through Ofsted ), which costs £35.  

You’ll also need to protect your business with insurance . You may have to pay fees towards public liability insurance or covering your inventory.  

Advertising and marketing costs are also crucial to consider in your startup costs. You might pay for design services to create a logo. Or, you could cover the cost of your website URL . 

Plus, think about what you’ll spend on digital advertising . These costs are important for growing the reach of your new business. 

See also : What is a good advertising budget for a small business?    

If you get a business loan to set up your business, add this to your startup costs. Though this money may help you pay for other business startup costs, it still puts you in debt, and you’ll need to pay it back over time with interest . 

Thinking about whether a loan is the right way to fund your company? Check out our article on when to get a small business loan . 

With the average cost of starting a business in the UK at £12,601, it’s easy to see why your startup costs are an important part of planning your business finances and determining what to charge for your products or services.

Budgeting can also help you find the hidden costs of starting your business. And doing it from the start will make your small business administration easier down the line.

While you budget for starting your business , it’s important to calculate startup costs.

This number can allow you to think about funding options, such as: 

• Crowdfunding

They’ll also help you determine how long it’ll take to become profitable and create sales goals to guide you . 

To stick to your startup costs and control your spending , it’s crucial to organise your finances. 

The best way to do this is by opening a business current account . This account lets you separate your business finances from your personal ones to easily track them . 

Accounting software will also help you understand and analyse the money coming in and out of your business. Countingup, the business current account with built-in accounting software, can handle both these needs . 

It automates time-consuming bookkeeping admin for thousands of self-employed people across the UK. You can stick to your spending goals with automatic expense categorisation, receipt capture, and cash flow insights. 

Save yourself hours of accounting admin so you can focus on growing your business. 

Start your three-month free trial today . 

Now that you know what startup costs are for small businesses, you can manage them for a successful beginning. Just remember to: 

• List which costs you’ll need to cover
• Calculate the cost of starting your business
• Budget well to cover startu p costs

From there, it’ll be easier to focus on earning a client base to make your business profitable . Why not check out our article on the best ways to attract new customers ? 

• Counting Up on Facebook
• Counting Up on Twitter
• Counting Up on LinkedIn

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Small Business Start Up Costs

No matter what kind of business you intend on owning, it is a good idea to estimate your business startup expenses prior to jumping in. Whether you plan on starting a small business or a larger franchise, you may be surprised at the total start up cost. Nearly all new business owners underestimate the cost of starting their business, leaving it exposed to the risks of being underfunded. To help you avoid this common mistake, use our Free Business Start Up Costs Template to help you determine how much money you need to get your start up business up and running safely. See below for additional information, tips and resources.

Calculating business start up costs should be a part of starting any business. An entrepreneur is usually required to put these costs together as part of a business plan , loan or grant application. They are also helpful when putting together proforma financial statements.

Business Start Up Costs Template

Other versions.

License : Private Use (not for distribution or resale)

"No installation, no macros - just a simple spreadsheet" - by Jon Wittwer

Description

This Excel workbook will help you put together an estimate of costs and funding required to start your business. It is pre-populated with expense categories common to many small businesses and home-based businesses, so it can be very useful in helping you identify all of your start up costs, including many you may not have considered.

As you add your own costs or expense categories, the template will help you understand whether you have adequate funding. Once you have your funding secured and you pull the trigger, use the worksheet to track your actual expenditures to help you keep your costs under control.

As you get your business going, you may want to consider using a more detailed business budget and other financial statements .

Starting a restaurant? This free template also includes a customized start up cost sheet with many cost categories specific to owning and operating a restaurant. Perfect for helping you capture all of those Restaurant Start up Costs.

Starting a franchise, web business or home business? Continue reading below for some help with costs specific to these types of businesses as well as links to other helpful resources.

Start Up Costs for Different Businesses

Restaurant business start up costs.

Starting a restaurant can be expensive because of the specialized equipment and facilities that are required. Luckily, there are usually leasing options available for the expensive items and many landlords will work with you on leasehold improvements. Use the Restaurant specific worksheet in the Business Start up Cost Template to help you consider other expenses such as cleaning costs, uniforms, menu development and supplier sourcing costs.

Home Business Startup Costs

The nice thing about a home based business is that you can forgo many of the typical expenses of a startup. Things like internet, office space, furniture and utilities are already taken care of. Better yet, if you qualify for the home office deduction, now you can write some of these items off as business expenses. Simply put $0 in the template or delete the rows for those expenses already covered. If you are starting a home-based internet business , continue on to the next section.

Internet Business Startup Costs

A web based business may be one of the least expensive businesses to start, especially if you can do the web development work yourself. Use the basic template and decide which expenses apply to you – simply delete the rest. You may also want to consider some items not listed, such as custom web page design and development work, custom database development and scripting, search engine optimization (SEO) and advanced hosting services to name a few. Also, if your business is retail, don't forget to include all of the referral and usage fees for selling through storefronts like Amazon and Ebay.

Franchise Business Start Up Costs

Our Business Start up Cost Template will also help you if you are looking for a start up franchise opportunity or looking for franchises for sale. Along with all of the regular costs of starting a business, the template also includes categories for fixed franchise fees as well as monthly franchise dues and marketing co-op fees. You may also want to check with the franchise corporate offices. Many of them provide tools to help you estimate your start up and operating costs.

How to Use the Business Startup Cost Template

The key to putting together accurate numbers is to get into the details. This requires doing detailed research by calling suppliers and providers, searching the internet and listing any and all costs that may be applicable. To help you, the business cost template comes pre-populated with many of the most common expense categories. It also contains additional suggestions and tips for each category to help you make sure you considered everything. Feel free to add additional line items that are unique to your business.

Funding Sources

Start by listing the sources of funding that you believe will be available to you in the Estimated column. This would include money supplied by owners and investors, funds available from bank loans or other lines of credit. In some cases you may be pursuing other sources of funds such as grants, endowments or sale of assets.

Fixed Costs

After all your funding sources have been outlined, start putting in the estimated fixed costs. These costs are one-time costs associated with getting your business up and running. This includes things like leasing space, purchasing assets, stocking up on inventory and getting your legal and marketing issues in order.

Two key parts to the fixed costs are the Working Capital and a Reserve for Contingencies – these can be significant. Any startup is advised to have a Contingency Fund as there are always last minute surprise costs and fees. Consider the risks of your business and set aside sufficient funds accordingly.

Be sure to include enough Working Capital to fund your normal business operations as you grow. Remember that there can be a significant amount of time between when a sale is made and when you actually receive payment. Sufficient working capital is needed to allow you to continue to purchase inventory and pay bills while waiting for payment. More than one growing business has failed because it lacked sufficient working capital.

Monthly Costs - Until Profitable

Many entrepreneurs fail to understand that businesses are seldom profitable the first day. In order to have a clear picture of actual cash required, it is important to estimate your monthly operating costs as well as how many months it will take you to move from the red to the black. The template is setup to assist you in determining these important costs. Simply identify how many months you believe it will take to get up and running and fill in the estimated monthly costs.

Ready, Set, Go

As a time window is provided and all the sources and costs are identified, the spreadsheet will calculate whether you have a surplus or deficit in funding. If you have a deficit, then you will need to figure out if there are ways to scale back your costs or look for additional funding. If you have surplus and are confident in your numbers, you may be good to go.

Keeping Things in Check

The excitement of starting the business can cause entrepreneurs to spend more than they planned. Use the template to keep you grounded. As you collect funds and begin to spend money, record the Actual amounts next to the Estimated numbers. The spreadsheet will calculate whether you are running over or under you estimated numbers so you can make adjustments as you go.

Additional Business Startup Expense Tips

• Securing lines of credit can take some time. Be sure to have them in place before they are needed.
• Be aware of credit card processing fees. These can be 2% to 5% of the total.
• Little items may not seem like much, but they can add up quickly. Don’t overlook them.
• Business Startup Costs are only part of the financials that any new business owner should put together. Consider putting together a proforma cash flow statement and balance sheet.
• If you are searching for funding, odds are you will need a business plan. Business plans can be a great way to concentrate your thoughts and to really put together a game winning strategy as well as get feedback from mentors and associates.

References and Resources

Below are a number of great references that can help provide you with more information and direction on starting your own business.

Startup Costs For Different Businesses

• Estimating Startup Costs at sba.gov - Information on estimating start up costs from the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) office.

Business Startup Loans and Grants

• Small Business Loans and Grants at sba.gov - Information and assistance on understanding the various Business Startup Loans and Start up Business Grants available to small businesses.
• Official Site of U.S. Grants - Official site for finding and applying for U.S. Grants including Business Startup Grants.

How to Start a Business

• Starting and Managing a Business at sba.gov - Helpful information from the SBA on starting and managing a business.
• Starting a Business at entrepreneur.com - Many different articles and tips on starting your own business.
• 10 Steps to Starting a Business at business.gov - Detailed information from the U.S. Government on the 10 steps for starting a business.
• Writing a Business Plan at sba.gov - SBA information about how to put a solid business startup plan together.
• Business Plan Software at paloalto.com - Great software for putting together a business plan. Will guide you through the process and has hundreds of industry specific examples.

Small Business Information and Assistance

• Online and face-to-face Mentoring at SCORE - SCORE,a non-profit organization, partners with the SBA to educate entrepreneurs and help small businesses.
• Minority Business Development Agency at mbda.gov - Tools, information and help for those starting Minority Owned Businesses.
• Small Business and the FDA at fda.gov - Great information for those who are launching business under the purview of the FDA.
• Federal Business Opportunities at fbo.gov - Official government site for identify and bidding on opportunities to do business with the U.S. Government. Can even use it to come up with Business Startup Ideas.
• Information for Entrepreneurs at startupnation.com – Site dedicated to helping entrepreneurs to build a business.

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IRS Tax Tip 2021-166, November 9, 2021

When starting a business, owners should treat all eligible costs incurred before beginning to operate the business as capital expenditures that are part of their basis in the business. Generally, the business can recover costs for assets through depreciation deductions.

For costs paid or incurred after September 8, 2008, the business can deduct a limited amount of start-up and organizational costs . They can recover the costs they cannot deduct currently over a 180-month period. This recovery period starts with the month the business begins to operate active trade or as a business.

Business start-up costs

Start-up costs are amounts the business paid or incurred for creating an active trade or business, or investigating the creation or acquisition of an active trade or business. Start-up costs include amounts paid or incurred in connection with an existing activity engaged in for profit, and to produce income in anticipation of the activity becoming an active trade or business.

Qualifying costs

A start-up cost is recoverable if it meets both of the following requirements:

• It's a cost a business could deduct if they paid or incurred it to operate an existing active trade or business, in the same field as the one the business entered into.
• It's a cost a business pays or incurs before the day their active trade or business begins.

Start-up costs include amounts paid for the following:

• An analysis or survey of potential markets, products, labor supply, transportation facilities, etc.
• Advertisements for the opening of the business.
• Salaries and wages for employees who are being trained and their instructors.
• Travel and other necessary costs for securing prospective distributors, suppliers, or customers.
• Salaries and fees for executives and consultants, or for similar professional services.

Nonqualifying costs

Start-up costs don't include deductible interest, taxes, or research and experimental costs .

Purchasing an active trade or business

Recoverable start-up costs for purchasing an active trade or business include only investigative costs incurred during a general search for or preliminary investigation of the business. These are costs that help in deciding whether to purchase a business. Costs incurred to purchase a specific business are capital expenses that can't be amortized.

More information:

• Publication 535, Business Expenses
• Deducting Business Expenses
• Operating a Business
• Small Business Federal Tax Responsibilities PDF
• A Guide to Starting a Small Business PDF

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BUSINESS STRATEGIES

How to start an eCommerce business in 10 steps

• Amanda Bellucco Chatham
• 18 min read

Get started by: Create an online store →  | Getting a domain →

Learning how to start an eCommerce business can be a complex endeavor. To put your business on the path to success, you need more than an idea; you need a plan. This post provides a step-by-step guide to the process of starting a business , from initial inspiration to the first online sale and beyond. 

You have a business idea and you’d like to build it online. After all, eCommerce is big and the market is growing; with a tap or two on your phone, you can place orders for everything from dog treats to jeans to meal planning kits. And with the variety of ecommerce tools  available, building an eCommerce website and an eCommrce business is easier and more accessible than ever.

Ready to start selling? Build your eCommerce website  with Wix.

What is an eCommerce business?

An eCommerce business is a company that sells products or services online. With an online store, you can serve customers around the world, and buyers can browse and make purchases at any time of the day. 

Ecommerce sales have increased faster than other retail businesses in recent years. In the third quarter of 2023, for example, the U.S. Department of Commerce reports that retail eCommerce sales grew 7.6% year over year  to $1.8 billion, compared with 2.3% growth in the overall retail sector. In the past 10 years, eCom merce has grown from 6% to more than 15% of all retail sales, according to the Department of Commerce.

Given this growth, it’s no wonder that merchants of all types now view eCommerce as an essential part of their business. The number of eCommerce websites worldwide nearly tripled  between 2019 and 2023 to 26.5 million.

It’s worth noting that while some eCommerce sellers operate exclusively online, others use their websites to enhance and complement offerings at physical store locations, manufacturing plants or offices. Business-to-consumer (B2C)  eCommerce serves individual retail shoppers, while business-to-business (B2B)  sellers offer products or services to other companies. 

Learn more: What is an eCommerce website?

Types of eCommerce

How to start an eCommerce business

As with any entrepreneurial venture, careful planning and preparation are essential to your success. Here are the steps to follow to get started with your own eCommerce business: 

Identify your online business niche

Do market research

Select the right product mix

Secure product sources

Write a strong business plan

Set your business name and legal structure

Choose an eCommerce platform

Create your online store

Manage your eCommerce business finances

Market your eCommerce business

01. Identify your online business niche

While it may seem counterintuitive, your chances of making it big in eCommerce are better when you start by thinking small—that is, when you start by defining a niche for your business.

While it’s helpful to study the general trends, broad categories can be crowded with competitors. As one example, health and personal care is slated for growth to over 13% of the eCommerce market  through 2027 but trying to compete with major drug chains or beauty retailers can prove difficult (if not impossible) for new players.  

Instead of targeting a large, general market, target a niche market. For instance, you could start an eCommerce business that focuses on organic skin care for teens, with a selection of cleansers, moisturizers and sunscreen for acne-prone skin.

It helps to have expertise in your chosen niche. You’ll spend a lot of time researching the right products or services to provide. You’ll dive into every detail of the business. And, at least at first, you’ll likely manage day-to-day operations, so you should be passionate about what your ecommerce business idea . 

Related reading: $300K in 7 days: building a million-dollar beauty subscription business  

02. Do market research

Once you’ve pinpointed an ecommerce business niche or idea, it’s time to research and evaluate your potential market. Not only will you learn more about your audience but you’ll also gather the quantifiable data you need to make revenue projections and calculate costs. To understand the market, consider these strategies:

Identify your audience type :   Are you catering to corporate professionals or individual consumers? The audience you have in mind will help determine th e type of business  you intend to operate. While many eCommerce businesses serve exclusively B2B or B2C customers, some sellers serve both. For example, a gourmet food seller that typically sells to individual consumers may offer corporate gifting services for the holidays. Or, an apparel retailer may provide customization options for bulk orders, enabling companies to print custom uniforms that include their logos. Get familiar with the main ecommerce KPIs before getting started.

Size your market : Build a profile of your ideal customer based on their demographics, geographic location, interests, spending habits and any other salient details. Then use that profile to guide your research into census and market data to arrive at realistic numbers. Your goal is to understand your potential customers better as you gauge the ultimate potential for growth for your eCommerce business. These benchmarks will also help you forecast revenue and demand as accurately as possible until you begin generating sales and have an earnings history to use as a guide.

Immerse yourself in the trade : Follow trade media and individual thought leaders in your chosen category and read up on overall eCommerce trends via publications. The Wix eCommerce Blog  is a great place to get started.

Study the competition : Dive deep into competitor websites, sign up for their email updates and track news coverage on your competitors. Pay attention to how they market themselves, both online and offline. If you can dig up financial reports or earnings, that information can guide your own forecasts and projections.

Ask your audience directly : Use surveys and polls to gather information from your potential customers. Hang out in relevant social media groups and forums and attend in-person events where potential customers congregate. 

03. Select the right product mix

Your niche and your target market will guide decisions about which products to sell or services to offer. Consider, for example, whether your audience would be receptive to curated kits or gift sets, and whether seasonality is a factor.

Price and profit margin are essential to consider, as they determine the potential for your business to scale. A break-even analysis will help you figure out how much of each product you need to sell to recoup your initial costs and begin making a profit. 

When selecting products to sell, you’ll want to consider factors like: 

Product life : Know your expected  product life cycle . This will help you create a multi-year plan for your eCommerce business. Some big-ticket items are built to last decades; buyers who ordered a sofa may not return to your site immediately, unless you offer complementary items. On the other end of the spectrum, replenishable goods like pet food or beauty supplies may inherently attract repeat purchases. For these, you may want to offer bulk discounts or start a subscription box business  to further encourage repeat business. 

Price expectations :   While offering a variety of price points can broaden your appeal with buyers, if your audience is used to purchasing luxury goods, then you may want to limit your selection to top-of-the-line offerings. If you’re a B2B seller, consider whether your corporate clients expect you to offer items in bulk at wholesale  prices. 

Cost of goods sold (COGS) :   As you select products, consider overhead costs and logistics , such as whether items require fancy packaging or “white-glove” delivery and installation. Digital products, by contrast, have no shipping or physical  procurement  requirements. You can calculate COGS with the following formula: beginning inventory + purchased inventory − ending inventory.

Once you have guidelines in place, dive into the specifics. If you need inspiration and want to see what’s trending, turn to competitor websites or search best-selling items on marketplaces like Amazon. Ecommerce tools like Google Trends and Algopix can also help identify hot products. Or, use your favorite SEO or keyword research tool, like Semrush, to find frequently searched products, validate a product concept and/or discover which brands are most frequently searched in your market.

04. Secure product sources and suppliers

Once you have specific items in mind, you’ll need to determine the right product sourcing method. Perhaps you create all of your products by hand and want to keep it that way. Or, maybe you’re interested in dropshipping with a platform like Modalyst , Wix’s native dropshipping solution.

Depending on your budget, resources and preferences, you have a few options to choose from:

Make goods by hand yourself : Quality is fully within your control, but it can be tricky to scale your business or keep up with high order volumes. 

Hire a manufacturer :   You source products from a third-party manufacturer but sell them under your brand name. Items are made to your specifications, and you retain control over production, pricing and branding. You can make goods efficiently in large quantities, but good communication with your production partner is essential to ensure quality is up to snuff.

Partner with name-brand manufacturers : If you seek products from specific manufacturers or designers, you can contract as an official reseller or dealer and offer those products through your eCommerce site. While your brand will get a boost from the affiliation, you’ll need to price items low enough to compete with other sellers, and some brands may have policies around a product’s minimum advertised price (MAP). Both can cut into margins. Retailers can also create their own branded merchandise via private label  lines in partnership with manufacturers, straddling the manufacturer/retailer divide. Costco’s Kirkland line or Amazon’s AmazonBasics are just two examples of this strategy.

Source from wholesalers : Wholesale suppliers offer catalogs of goods, often from multiple manufacturers. You can find inexpensive products to buy wholesale, which gives you leeway in pricing. On the flip side, products sourced overseas may bring additional delivery costs and tariffs as well as the expense of inventory and warehousing.

Work with dropship suppliers :   Dropshipping  shifts traditional retailer responsibilities to suppliers, enabling you to launch an eCommerce business with minimal upfront investment. You handle the marketing and choose your products, but incoming orders are routed directly to your suppliers, who are responsible for shipping items directly to your customers. You never have to buy and hold inventory, run a warehouse or ship items yourself. On the flip side, you have less control over product quality and delivery, putting your brand in a vulnerable position if suppliers slip up.  Ghost commerce  takes it a step further, where the supplier ships items, yet you maintain your brand’s image and handle customer relations.

It’s important to weigh your options when choosing a product sourcing method, and truly evaluate all of them carefully. Before you make a definitive decision, ask yourself the following questions:

Do you want to customize or brand your products? Because wholesale suppliers produce in bulk, it may be hard to tweak selections to match your criteria. As an intermediate option, some suppliers offer white labeling, which allows you to sell ready-made products with your logo and branding. And if you want to personalize products further, explore print on demand . This is a subset of dropshipping that allows you to offer custom designs on a selection of products created to your specifications as orders come in. 

How much capital do you have to invest in inventory ?   If you’re working with limited startup funds, dropshipping can be a more economical route for launching your brand. 

How complex are your warehousing and fulfillment needs?  If you offer recurring subscription shipments, corporate gifting services or bulk order capabilities, you may need to manage logistics yourself to ensure deliveries are accurate and on time. 

How do your competitors source their products?  While you don’t want to outright copy your competitors, research as much as you can about their processes to identify any potential differentiating advantages they have. Do they have exclusive dealer rights to brand-name merchandise you want to stock? Do they offer products sourced exclusively from sustainable suppliers? 

What is your backup plan if one of your suppliers has issues? Nearly four in 10 shoppers  have abandoned online purchases due to items being out of stock, so take proactive steps to avoid disappointing buyers. Find backup sources of widely available wholesale products, and cover contingencies in your contracts with suppliers. 

How will you scale  your business?  Manufacturing or making your own products gives you the greatest amount of control, but they also make it difficult to meet rising demand. You may need to contract with a new factory altogether, hire staff or find other expensive solutions. For a more flexible option, you may want to consider dropshipping or wholesaling. 

What are your audience’s expectations?  Buyers are prioritizing sustainability more and more. In fact, U.S. consumers are reportedly willing to pay an 11% premium  for products with reduced environmental impact. If your customers expect ethically sourced products, include those factors in your sourcing criteria.

05. Write a strong business plan

Document all the research and planning you’ve done up to this point with a formal eCommerce business plan . Not only does a business plan capture your work in a comprehensive and detailed format, but it also provides a touchstone for keeping your day-to-day operations focused on your mission. The strongest business plans keep teams aligned during launch and lay the foundation for attracting the right business partners and investors. 

While the individual components of a business plan can be tailored to your unique priorities, you should include the following elements to be sure the document is relevant and useful: 

Mission, description and unique selling proposition (USP) : Your business plan should outline the reason your company exists, summarize at a high level what it does and identify what sets your brand apart from others. This information helps you stake your claim in the marketplace and guides future decisions about priorities. In particular, it’s critical to flesh out your  unique selling proposition . Your USP guides your product positioning , helps you to stand out from the competition and identifies partners and consumers who share your values. For example, “plastic-negative” water company and Wix merchant  Mananalu  differentiates its products by supporting a larger cause. Mananalu water is packaged in refillable aluminum bottles, which are easier to recycle than plastic. In addition, each time a consumer buys a Mananalu water, the company pledges to remove a plastic bottle from the ocean waste stream. Shoppers can even buy further “plastic offsets” to support the company’s cause. Climate Neutral certification and “1% for the Planet” membership provide third-party credentials attesting to the company’s commitment to sustainability.

Market and SWOT analysis : Summarize your market research and describe your company’s position relative to the competition. Provide an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) to pinpoint your areas of greatest potential growth. A realistic analysis will help maintain focus not only as you launch, but as you scale and add new offerings. 

Your offering :   Use your previous research and planning to create a detailed description of your products and/or services, product sourcing and pricing strategy. Describe how this offering aligns with your audience’s needs. In addition, describe your plans for customer service and order fulfillment as crucial components of the brand experience.

Marketing  plans : Describe how you plan to introduce your eCommerce business to your target audience, including which digital channels you’ll prioritize and which technologies you’ll rely on to execute marketing tactics.

Financial forecasts : Using your previous research, build a model forecasting expenses, revenues and growth. To ground your projections in reality, use real-life results from competitors or other businesses in your field. Consult trade publications and category experts for growth benchmarks and formulas to incorporate.

Funding sources : Describe how you’ll secure the startup resources you need, whether through your own savings, private equity, crowdfunding or investors. If you’re presenting your plan to potential funding sources, customize the information to explain the rationale behind your request and describe the benefits of funding your business.

06. Set your business name and legal structure

After you put your business plan together, you’ll need to set up the actual legal framework to support your business.

Start by picking a business name that reflects your brand identity and USP. If you need some inspiration, try researching popular search keywords, brainstorming names related to your niche or playing with different spelling variations. Wix’s free business name generator  can provide more ideas. As you narrow the list, check that the names are:

Easy to read, say, spell and remember

Search-friendly

Available as a website domain 

Not being used by another business (in the U.S., individual states maintain registries of businesses you can check)

Once you have your business name figured out, you’ll need a logo. You can create one yourself, work with a graphic designer or try out the Wix logo maker  for free.

Next, you’ll want to choose the right legal structure for your eCommerce company—a key step in starting a business  of any type. Your overarching business structure will define your liabilities, tax status and more.

Consult with legal professionals and accountants to determine whether a sole proprietorship ,  partnership ,  limited liability company (LLC)  or corporation  is right for you. In the U.S., you’ll also need to register your business and apply for a federal employer identification number (EIN) in order to pay taxes, open a business bank account or obtain financing. You can do this through the IRS’s website for free.

07. Choose an eCommerce platform

At this point, you’re ready to bring your brand to life through your own website. 

The first step is to choose the best eCommerce platform  for your needs. There are dozens of website builders on the market, so evaluate your options carefully. To ensure your eCommerce website development  goes smoothly, look for a platform that provides:

Professional aesthetics : Wix offers hundreds of specialized online store templates  you can customize to reflect your brand.

A domain name : You’ll need a domain name  of your own to match your business name.

Enterprise-grade security : Wix offers a secure infrastructure  with 24/7 security monitoring to protect against data breaches.

Top performance : It’s critical to have web hosting  with the capacity to support a speedy, high-performance site  on both mobile and desktop devices, even during peak sales periods.

Built-in analytics : Wix’s analytics dashboard helps you track key metrics, such as website traffic  and generate historical performance reports.

Customizable shopping cart pages : A customizable shopping cart page  will ensure your branding and messaging are consistent throughout the purchase process.

Variety of checkout options : Flexible eCommerce checkout  options should support whichever payment method your customers prefer. Wix Payments  is an integrated payment gateway system that can connect to in-store point-of-sale (POS) registers, too.

A content management system : A content management system  (CMS) should ideally support robust product information and brand-building features such as blogs, how-to articles and buying guides.

Back-office functionality : Look for integrated tools that help automate back-office functions, like bookkeeping and order fulfillment. Wix offers tools for tasks like inventory management , invoice creation  and more.

A reasonable pricing model : Your platform’s pricing model should make sense financially for your business, both now and in the future. As you research, pay close attention to recurring fees and special surcharges so you understand the total cost. With Wix, you can build a website with eCommerce functionality for as little as $27 per month.

Get ready for launch. Sign up  for Wix today.

08. Create your online store

Regardless of which eCommerce platform you choose, it’s important to research the best practices for designing an online store. Knowing how to make a website  includes the following best practices:

Be clear about what you sell : Make it easy for customers to understand your business and products by using consistent design elements and language throughout the site. Avoid jargon-heavy or overly cutesy names for product categories and individual items; use accurate language that matches the search terms your audience enters. Once shoppers are ready to buy, don’t beat around the bush; use clear calls-to-action like “Shop Now” or “Buy Now.” 

Invest in high-quality imagery : A picture is worth a thousand words, and that’s especially true in eCommerce. Buyers can’t physically touch and try products, so photos and videos help convince them to have faith and click “Buy.” High-quality photos that clearly show details and features are essential, while videos demonstrate products in action and can be repurposed for social platforms like TikTok. 

Showcase user-generated content (UGC) : Buyers trust others like them to communicate authentically about products and services, so find ways to spotlight customer reviews, user-submitted photos and social media comments. The same holds true in the B2B world; 86% of businesses  consider verified reviews a critical factor in purchase decisions when deciding vendors.

Embrace mobile : Transactions on mobile devices already account for four in 10 online sales , and an even higher share of product research occurs on smartphones thanks to their “anywhere, anytime” availability. Your eCommerce site shouldn’t just be mobile-compatible. You should assume the majority of interactions with your brand will occur on the go. Make sure that pages load quickly even when wi-fi isn’t available, and that images render clearly on small screens.

09. Manage your eCommerce business finances

Once you’ve launched your eCommerce business, you need the tools to track sales, profit and growth. These eCommerce money management tips  offer best practices to ensure you have adequate cash flow from month to month and can keep your business humming along. 

Three things in particular are worth monitoring closely:

Plan for seasonality : Holidays, annual weather patterns and other cyclical influences can cause your income to spike and dive. For example, in the U.S., the final quarter of the year can account for more than 30%  of annual sales for some categories of retailers. Other cycles might be particular to your industry: if you offer bookkeeping or accounting services online, for example, your peak season might end on April 15, the filing deadline for personal income taxes. Accurate forecasting can help predict when sales will pour in so you can manage cash flow to cover leaner months.

Get a handle on fulfillment costs :   If your eCommerce business involves delivering physical goods, be prepared to spend 15% to 20% of net sales on fulfillment costs . Of course, if you provide a virtual service or a downloadable app or software product, you can avoid these costs altogether. If you use dropshippers to fulfill orders instead, you won’t carry those overhead costs yourself, but the suppliers will likely pass them on to you as part of your fees.

Guard against costly chargebacks and returns :   It’s estimated that 17.6% of all online sales are returned . Add in the cost of reverse logistics—where goods are returned to stock for resale or simply discarded—and you’ll want to prevent returns in the first place. Try to create detailed product pages that include fit and sizing guides, compatibility information and materials. In addition, bolster your customer service content to address common questions before purchase; communicate shipping timeframes so consumers don’t cancel orders in transit if they don’t arrive in time. Finally, set a return policy  you can actually afford.

Read more:   SMB online commerce  for acquiring banks and merchant acquirers.

10. Market your eCommerce business

Launching your online store is an achievement, but by no means can you “set it and forget it.” With so many eCommerce websites available, you need to promote your brand to attract new buyers and create incentives that keep customers coming back.

As you allocate your marketing budget to sell more products online , focus on the digital channels you know your audience uses. Follow these strategies: 

Personalize the shopping experience : Seven in 10 consumers  now expect personalized interactions with companies, and businesses meeting that expectation can boost their marketing return on investment (ROI) anywhere from 10-30%. Seek out tools that enable you to automate eCommerce personalization  in email campaigns, product recommendations and post-purchase promotions. For example, with Wix, you can add a “Best Sellers” or “Related Products” gallery  to your product pages.

Boost word-of-mouth buzz : Encouraging customers to create and share reviews is just the start when it comes to building word-of-mouth advocacy for your brand. Create promotions that reward customers for referring friends and family, and post share-worthy takes and exclusive offers on the social media networks that your customers use most. To further boost visibility on social media, consider working with micro-influencers. These personalities may not have millions of followers, but they have devoted audiences whose interests can align closely with your brand offering.  

Prioritize SEO : More than half of consumers  rely on search engines as their top tool for shopping research, so stay up-to-date on best practices for search engine optimization to give your brand the best possible chance at visibility. Develop rich content, optimize for mobile devices, maximize site speed and earn inbound links to improve your rankings. 

Build loyalty :   While it’s natural to devote attention to finding new customers during launch, you also need a plan for keeping the customers you already have. It’s less expensive to build a loyal following than to continually churn through one-time purchasers, and repeat customers tend to outspend new buyers . Consider creating a loyalty program that rewards buyers with perks and exclusive offers based on how much they spend.

Drive more sales with Wix eCommerce marketing .

How much does it cost to start an eCommerce business?

The cost of starting an eCommerce business depends on many factors, from the type of products you sell to the features you need to power your online store. But when all is said and done, you could spend anywhere from $5,000 to $50,000 .

That range may seem high—in fact, you may wonder if you could drop a zero from the lower end of the scale. Dropshipping can eliminate upfront inventory and fulfillment costs, and platforms such as Wix offer inexpensive eCommerce site hosting plans and design services. But even with this minimalist approach, you still may need to factor in costs for things like marketing, technology and software, legal and administrative fees, and more.

No matter how much startup capital you have at your disposal, it's important to do your research and plan carefully before starting an eCommerce business. This will help you avoid costly mistakes and increase your chances of success. The potential costs to consider include: 

Business formation and licensure : Setting up your business structure and governance, securing any required licenses and filing registration and tax paperwork can add up to several billable hours from legal and accounting professionals. 

Ecommerce platform : The technology behind your eCommerce website is all-important and should support integrated shipping, payments and marketing from one unified dashboard. Depending on the platform, each module may be priced separately, or you may be charged a single annual fee for all-in-one service.

Products : The upfront cost of your products will vary depending on what you're selling online  and which sourcing method you choose. If you hold inventory, add the overhead expense of storage or warehousing space.

Design, eCommerce photography and copywriting : As you set up your online store, you may wish to enlist professional help with the website design, product photos and written content. If you’re launching in more than one country, you may need to find translation services to ensure product copy is localized accurately.

Customer service : Responsive service is a must for building your brand’s reputation. Make a plan to personally handle incoming questions and requests or hire staff to ensure adequate coverage.

Logistics : If you want to handle order management yourself versus outsourcing to a dropshipper, you need to invest in packaging, staff to pick and pack orders, and contracts with freight carriers or third-party logistics providers to handle deliveries.

Marketing : Even if you don’t allocate budget to paid advertising, you’ll still need to invest hours into setting up social media accounts and optimizing your website for search engines.

Why start an eCommerce business in 2024?

U.S. eCommerce sales are expected to grow 10.5% year over year in 2024 , so there’s no time like the present to get started. Here are just a few reasons to start an eCommerce business this year:

The barriers to entry are (relatively) low :   While launching an eCommerce business successfully does take some initial investment, it’s far less expensive to build a brand online. In the past, shopping technology was prohibitively expensive and required a professional IT staff to manage.

You can earn a profit (relatively) quickly : While you won’t generate millions overnight, the relatively low startup costs and efficiencies of scale you can access via dropshipping means that you may be operating in the black within a year to 18 months. While the size of your profits depend in large part on your category and your wholesale product costs, relevant, high-quality products and superior service can help justify the higher prices that lead to bigger margins.

You can access rapidly-growing global markets : As much as the U.S. represents a huge eCommerce market, other parts of the world are seeing even more exponential growth—and you can sell to these nascent markets without needing a physical presence or local staff. While China is dominant in terms of eCommerce market size and penetration, countries that are potentially more accessible, such as Canada, Mexico and the U.K., are all top global targets to consider .

You can run your business your way :   As the world discovered during the COVID-19 pandemic, digital businesses can be managed remotely. You can route orders to dropshippers and respond to customer service queries on your own time, anywhere—a stark contrast with traditional retail, which tethers you to a store location and requires staff to serve customers during set hours. 

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Small-business owners have unique needs when it comes to saving for their retirement and helping their employees. 

We've recently announced that existing Individual 401(k), SIMPLE IRA, and SEP-IRA plans with multiple participants will be transferred to Ascensus. If you're just getting started, those plans can be established directly with Ascensus. Vanguard will continue to offer a one-person SEP-IRA.

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VANGUARD SEP-IRA (One person)

The SEP-IRA (Simplified Employee Pension) is the simplest option for small-business owners. Looking to open a SEP-IRA for only one person? We’ve got you covered.

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ASCENSUS Individual(k)

An Individual(k)—also known as Individual 401(k)—maximizes retirement savings if you're self-employed or a business owner with no employees other than your spouse. Ascensus also offers a Roth option.

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ASCENSUS SIMPLE IRA

A SIMPLE IRA (Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees) is a great starter plan that encourages employees to contribute to their retirement.

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ASCENSUS SEP IRA (Multiple participants)

Ascensus offers a multi-participant SEP IRA that can support a business that employs others and provides access to a diverse lineup of Vanguard mutual funds.

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As a leading provider of tax-advantaged savings and retirement solutions, you’ll benefit from Ascensus’s extensive retirement experience through all stages of your financial journey.

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Tesla is stuck in the mud 

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• Tesla is having a rough start to the year. 
• The EV maker reported disappointing deliveries for Q1, before announcing sweeping layoffs.
• With falling demand in the US and increased competition in China, Tesla is in a tough spot.

Tesla is in full-blown cost-cutting mode.

After releasing a disastrous first-quarter sales report this month, CEO Elon Musk announced the company would reveal a long-awaited robotaxi in August. 

But that announcement was quickly overshadowed by sweeping layoffs , something Musk attributed to a reorganization and streamlining "for the next phase of growth." 

In all, Tesla said it would cut more than 10% of its workforce, amounting to more than 14,000 people. Tesla is also losing some key top executives: Drew Baglino and Rogan Patel announced this week they would leave the company. Baglino was senior vice president for powertrain and energy engineering and Patel was vice president of public policy and business development.

It's unclear what, exactly, Tesla plans to show off in August as a self-driving, revenue-generating new product. And in the months between then and now, investors are demanding more than a rehashed robotaxi dream.

It's not Musk's first time promising a self-driving taxi

Musk said in 2019 that he expected Tesla to have 1 million cars on the road in the next year that could function as robotaxis.

"We believe we'll have the most profitable autonomous taxi on the market," he said on an earnings call in April of that year.

On a separate fundraising call around that time, he said Full Self-Driving could propel Tesla to a $500-billion valuation, and make Teslas worth up to $250,000, CNBC reported at the time . He also reportedly said Tesla robotaxis would be able to do 100 hours of work a week for their owners.

In the years since, Tesla's Full Self-Driving software (which remains Level 2, even as competing automakers have reached Level 3 and beyond ), has rolled out to more vehicles as Tesla has continued to outsell competitors. Its market cap did, in fact, hit $500 billion, as Musk predicted. And it turned a profit at long last. 

Related stories

But a robotaxi never materialized, even as Musk continued to tout FSD as a continued linchpin to Tesla's growth.

Now, cheaper EVs have thrown a wrench into Musk's plans

Tesla started an all-out price war in 2023, slashing prices up to $20,000 and bringing its best-selling model below the average price for any new car (about $47,000 in March 2024) in an effort to boost sales and stay ahead of the competition.

More than a year in, Tesla has, for the most part, maintained its pricing edge thanks to industry-leading margins, while some other automakers rethink their EV plans .

But Tesla might not remain the price leader forever. According to Reuters, Tesla has ended plans for another one of Musk's longtime pet projects: a truly affordable EV. The car, sometimes called the Model 2, was expected to cost $25,000 — about $14,000 less than Tesla's cheapest sedan.

Musk disputed the report, which cited internal documents and multiple people with knowledge of the matter, leaving analysts scratching their heads about what comes next.

After years of growth at hyper-speed, Tesla reducing its labor force isn't unthinkable — especially after building a brand new factory to churn out an entirely new (and not-yet-profitable ) product — but it could hint at demand problems.

"The sweeping layoffs announced yesterday, amounting to a reduction in crewed production capacity, should now leave no doubt that the decline in deliveries has been a function of lower demand and not supply," JPMorgan analyst Ryan Brinkman said in a note to clients on Tuesday as shares fell to their lowest levels in more than a year.

Kelley Blue Book data also points to flagging demand, showing Tesla's share of the US EV market has fallen to 51% this year from 62% in 2023.

And Tesla is facing intensifying competition in China, where it's now neck-and-neck with homegrown EV startups like BYD , who are exporting their cheaper cars to Europe, Asia, and Mexico, further increasing the pressure .

Musk is sure to face questions about the Model 2 when it reports earnings on April 23. Analysts will also be looking to learn how a robotaxi can turn a profit, too. 

"Investors are struggling to see how the company can use its infrastructure and network to achieve a path to monetization," Adam Jonas, a longtime Tesla bull, said in a note to clients on April 11.

And first, they'll have to get them street-legal .  

Watch: How did Tesla's bulletproof Cybertruck become so expensive and so delayed?

• Main content

How To Start A Business In 11 Steps (2024 Guide)

Updated: Apr 7, 2024, 1:44pm

Table of Contents

Before you begin: get in the right mindset, 1. determine your business concept, 2. research your competitors and market, 3. create your business plan, 4. choose your business structure, 5. register your business and get licenses, 6. get your finances in order, 7. fund your business, 8. apply for business insurance, 9. get the right business tools, 10. market your business, 11. scale your business, what are the best states to start a business, bottom line, frequently asked questions (faqs).

Starting a business is one of the most exciting and rewarding experiences you can have. But where do you begin? There are several ways to approach creating a business, along with many important considerations. To help take the guesswork out of the process and improve your chances of success, follow our comprehensive guide on how to start a business. We’ll walk you through each step of the process, from defining your business idea to registering, launching and growing your business.

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The public often hears about overnight successes because they make for a great headline. However, it’s rarely that simple—they don’t see the years of dreaming, building and positioning before a big public launch. For this reason, remember to focus on your business journey and don’t measure your success against someone else’s.

Consistency Is Key

New business owners tend to feed off their motivation initially but get frustrated when that motivation wanes. This is why it’s essential to create habits and follow routines that power you through when motivation goes away.

Take the Next Step

Some business owners dive in headfirst without looking and make things up as they go along. Then, there are business owners who stay stuck in analysis paralysis and never start. Perhaps you’re a mixture of the two—and that’s right where you need to be. The best way to accomplish any business or personal goal is to write out every possible step it takes to achieve the goal. Then, order those steps by what needs to happen first. Some steps may take minutes while others take a long time. The point is to always take the next step.

Most business advice tells you to monetize what you love, but it misses two other very important elements: it needs to be profitable and something you’re good at. For example, you may love music, but how viable is your business idea if you’re not a great singer or songwriter? Maybe you love making soap and want to open a soap shop in your small town that already has three close by—it won’t be easy to corner the market when you’re creating the same product as other nearby stores.

If you don’t have a firm idea of what your business will entail, ask yourself the following questions:

• What do you love to do?
• What do you hate to do?
• Can you think of something that would make those things easier?
• What are you good at?
• What do others come to you for advice about?
• If you were given ten minutes to give a five-minute speech on any topic, what would it be?
• What’s something you’ve always wanted to do, but lacked resources for?

These questions can lead you to an idea for your business. If you already have an idea, they might help you expand it. Once you have your idea, measure it against whether you’re good at it and if it’s profitable.

Your business idea also doesn’t have to be the next Scrub Daddy or Squatty Potty. Instead, you can take an existing product and improve upon it. You can also sell a digital product so there’s little overhead.

What Kind of Business Should You Start?

Before you choose the type of business to start, there are some key things to consider:

• What type of funding do you have?
• How much time do you have to invest in your business?
• Do you prefer to work from home or at an office or workshop?
• What interests and passions do you have?
• Can you sell information (such as a course), rather than a product?
• What skills or expertise do you have?
• How fast do you need to scale your business?
• What kind of support do you have to start your business?
• Are you partnering with someone else?
• Does the franchise model make more sense to you?

Consider Popular Business Ideas

Not sure what business to start? Consider one of these popular business ideas:

• Start a Franchise
• Start a Blog
• Start an Online Store
• Start a Dropshipping Business
• Start a Cleaning Business
• Start a Bookkeeping Business
• Start a Clothing Business
• Start a Landscaping Business
• Start a Consulting Business
• Start a Photography Business
• Start a Vending Machine Business

Most entrepreneurs spend more time on their products than they do getting to know the competition. If you ever apply for outside funding, the potential lender or partner wants to know: what sets you (or your business idea) apart? If market analysis indicates your product or service is saturated in your area, see if you can think of a different approach. Take housekeeping, for example—rather than general cleaning services, you might specialize in homes with pets or focus on garage cleanups.

Primary Research

The first stage of any competition study is primary research, which entails obtaining data directly from potential customers rather than basing your conclusions on past data. You can use questionnaires, surveys and interviews to learn what consumers want. Surveying friends and family isn’t recommended unless they’re your target market. People who say they’d buy something and people who do are very different. The last thing you want is to take so much stock in what they say, create the product and flop when you try to sell it because all of the people who said they’d buy it don’t because the product isn’t something they’d buy.

Secondary Research

Utilize existing sources of information, such as census data, to gather information when you do secondary research. The current data may be studied, compiled and analyzed in various ways that are appropriate for your needs but it may not be as detailed as primary research.

Conduct a SWOT Analysis

SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Conducting a SWOT analysis allows you to look at the facts about how your product or idea might perform if taken to market, and it can also help you make decisions about the direction of your idea. Your business idea might have some weaknesses that you hadn’t considered or there may be some opportunities to improve on a competitor’s product.

Asking pertinent questions during a SWOT analysis can help you identify and address weaknesses before they tank your new business.

A business plan is a dynamic document that serves as a roadmap for establishing a new business. This document makes it simple for potential investors, financial institutions and company management to understand and absorb. Even if you intend to self-finance, a business plan can help you flesh out your idea and spot potential problems. When writing a well-rounded business plan, include the following sections:

• Executive summary: The executive summary should be the first item in the business plan, but it should be written last. It describes the proposed new business and highlights the goals of the company and the methods to achieve them.
• Company description: The company description covers what problems your product or service solves and why your business or idea is best. For example, maybe your background is in molecular engineering, and you’ve used that background to create a new type of athletic wear—you have the proper credentials to make the best material.
• Market analysis: This section of the business plan analyzes how well a company is positioned against its competitors. The market analysis should include target market, segmentation analysis, market size, growth rate, trends and a competitive environment assessment.
• Organization and structure: Write about the type of business organization you expect, what risk management strategies you propose and who will staff the management team. What are their qualifications? Will your business be a single-member limited liability company (LLC) or a corporation ?
• Mission and goals: This section should contain a brief mission statement and detail what the business wishes to accomplish and the steps to get there. These goals should be SMART (specific, measurable, action-orientated, realistic and time-bound).
• Products or services: This section describes how your business will operate. It includes what products you’ll offer to consumers at the beginning of the business, how they compare to existing competitors, how much your products cost, who will be responsible for creating the products, how you’ll source materials and how much they cost to make.
• Background summary: This portion of the business plan is the most time-consuming to write. Compile and summarize any data, articles and research studies on trends that could positively and negatively affect your business or industry.
• Marketing plan: The marketing plan identifies the characteristics of your product or service, summarizes the SWOT analysis and analyzes competitors. It also discusses how you’ll promote your business, how much money will be spent on marketing and how long the campaign is expected to last.
• Financial plan: The financial plan is perhaps the core of the business plan because, without money, the business will not move forward. Include a proposed budget in your financial plan along with projected financial statements, such as an income statement, a balance sheet and a statement of cash flows. Usually, five years of projected financial statements are acceptable. This section is also where you should include your funding request if you’re looking for outside funding.

Learn more: Download our free simple business plan template .

Come Up With an Exit Strategy

An exit strategy is important for any business that is seeking funding because it outlines how you’ll sell the company or transfer ownership if you decide to retire or move on to other projects. An exit strategy also allows you to get the most value out of your business when it’s time to sell. There are a few different options for exiting a business, and the best option for you depends on your goals and circumstances.

The most common exit strategies are:

• Selling the business to another party
• Passing the business down to family members
• Liquidating the business assets
• Closing the doors and walking away

Develop a Scalable Business Model

As your small business grows, it’s important to have a scalable business model so that you can accommodate additional customers without incurring additional costs. A scalable business model is one that can be replicated easily to serve more customers without a significant increase in expenses.

Some common scalable business models are:

• Subscription-based businesses
• Businesses that sell digital products
• Franchise businesses
• Network marketing businesses

Start Planning for Taxes

One of the most important things to do when starting a small business is to start planning for taxes. Taxes can be complex, and there are several different types of taxes you may be liable for, including income tax, self-employment tax, sales tax and property tax. Depending on the type of business you’re operating, you may also be required to pay other taxes, such as payroll tax or unemployment tax.

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When structuring your business, it’s essential to consider how each structure impacts the amount of taxes you owe, daily operations and whether your personal assets are at risk.

An LLC limits your personal liability for business debts. LLCs can be owned by one or more people or companies and must include a registered agent . These owners are referred to as members.

• LLCs offer liability protection for the owners
• They’re one of the easiest business entities to set up
• You can have a single-member LLC
• You may be required to file additional paperwork with your state on a regular basis
• LLCs can’t issue stock
• You’ll need to pay annual filing fees to your state

Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

An LLP is similar to an LLC but is typically used for licensed business professionals such as an attorney or accountant. These arrangements require a partnership agreement.

• Partners have limited liability for the debts and actions of the LLP
• LLPs are easy to form and don’t require much paperwork
• There’s no limit to the number of partners in an LLP
• Partners are required to actively take part in the business
• LLPs can’t issue stock
• All partners are personally liable for any malpractice claims against the business

Sole Proprietorship

If you start a solo business, you might consider a sole proprietorship . The company and the owner, for legal and tax purposes, are considered the same. The business owner assumes liability for the business. So, if the business fails, the owner is personally and financially responsible for all business debts.

• Sole proprietorships are easy to form
• There’s no need to file additional paperwork with your state
• You’re in complete control of the business
• You’re personally liable for all business debts
• It can be difficult to raise money for a sole proprietorship
• The business may have a limited lifespan

Corporation

A corporation limits your personal liability for business debts just as an LLC does. A corporation can be taxed as a C corporation (C-corp) or an S corporation (S-corp). S-corp status offers pass-through taxation to small corporations that meet certain IRS requirements. Larger companies and startups hoping to attract venture capital are usually taxed as C-corps.

• Corporations offer liability protection for the owners
• The life span of a corporation is not limited
• A corporation can have an unlimited number of shareholders
• Corporations are subject to double taxation
• They’re more expensive and complicated to set up than other business structures
• The shareholders may have limited liability

Before you decide on a business structure, discuss your situation with a small business accountant and possibly an attorney, as each business type has different tax treatments that could affect your bottom line.

Helpful Resources

• How To Set Up an LLC in 7 Steps
• How To Start a Sole Proprietorship
• How To Start a Corporation
• How To Start a Nonprofit
• How To Start a 501(c)(3)

There are several legal issues to address when starting a business after choosing the business structure. The following is a good checklist of items to consider when establishing your business:

Choose Your Business Name

Make it memorable but not too difficult. Choose the same domain name, if available, to establish your internet presence. A business name cannot be the same as another registered company in your state, nor can it infringe on another trademark or service mark that is already registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

Business Name vs. DBA

There are business names, and then there are fictitious business names known as “Doing Business As” or DBA. You may need to file a DBA if you’re operating under a name that’s different from the legal name of your business. For example, “Mike’s Bike Shop” is doing business as “Mike’s Bikes.” The legal name of the business is “Mike’s Bike Shop,” and “Mike’s Bikes” is the DBA.

You may need to file a DBA with your state, county or city government offices. The benefits of a DBA include:

• It can help you open a business bank account under your business name
• A DBA can be used as a “trade name” to brand your products or services
• A DBA can be used to get a business license

Register Your Business and Obtain an EIN

You’ll officially create a corporation, LLC or other business entity by filing forms with your state’s business agency―usually the Secretary of State. As part of this process, you’ll need to choose a registered agent to accept legal documents on behalf of your business. You’ll also pay a filing fee. The state will send you a certificate that you can use to apply for licenses, a tax identification number (TIN) and business bank accounts.

Next, apply for an employer identification number (EIN) . All businesses, other than sole proprietorships with no employees, must have a federal employer identification number. Submit your application to the IRS and you’ll typically receive your number in minutes.

Get Appropriate Licenses and Permits

Legal requirements are determined by your industry and jurisdiction. Most businesses need a mixture of local, state and federal licenses to operate. Check with your local government office (and even an attorney) for licensing information tailored to your area.

• Best LLC Services
• How To Register a Business Name
• How To Register a DBA
• How To Get an EIN for an LLC
• How To Get a Business License

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Click on the state below to get started.

Open a Business Bank Account

Keep your business and personal finances separate. Here’s how to choose a business checking account —and why separate business accounts are essential. When you open a business bank account, you’ll need to provide your business name and your business tax identification number (EIN). This business bank account can be used for your business transactions, such as paying suppliers or invoicing customers. Most times, a bank will require a separate business bank account to issue a business loan or line of credit.

Hire a Bookkeeper or Get Accounting Software

If you sell a product, you need an inventory function in your accounting software to manage and track inventory. The software should have ledger and journal entries and the ability to generate financial statements.

Some software programs double as bookkeeping tools. These often include features such as check writing and managing receivables and payables. You can also use this software to track your income and expenses, generate invoices, run reports and calculate taxes.

There are many bookkeeping services available that can do all of this for you, and more. These services can be accessed online from any computer or mobile device and often include features such as bank reconciliation and invoicing. Check out the best accounting software for small business, or see if you want to handle the bookkeeping yourself.

Determine Your Break-Even Point

Before you fund your business, you must get an idea of your startup costs. To determine these, make a list of all the physical supplies you need, estimate the cost of any professional services you will require, determine the price of any licenses or permits required to operate and calculate the cost of office space or other real estate. Add in the costs of payroll and benefits, if applicable.

Businesses can take years to turn a profit, so it’s better to overestimate the startup costs and have too much money than too little. Many experts recommend having enough cash on hand to cover six months of operating expenses.

When you know how much you need to get started with your business, you need to know the point at which your business makes money. This figure is your break-even point.

In contrast, the contribution margin = total sales revenue – cost to make product

For example, let’s say you’re starting a small business that sells miniature birdhouses for fairy gardens. You have determined that it will cost you $500 in startup costs. Your variable costs are $0.40 per birdhouse produced, and you sell them for $1.50 each.

Let’s write these out so it’s easy to follow:

This means that you need to sell at least 456 units just to cover your costs. If you can sell more than 456 units in your first month, you will make a profit.

• The Best Business Checking Accounts
• The Best Accounting Software for Small Business
• How To Open a Bank Account

There are many different ways to fund your business—some require considerable effort, while others are easier to obtain. Two categories of funding exist: internal and external.

Internal funding includes:

• Personal savings
• Credit cards
• Funds from friends and family

If you finance the business with your own funds or with credit cards, you have to pay the debt on the credit cards and you’ve lost a chunk of your wealth if the business fails. By allowing your family members or friends to invest in your business, you are risking hard feelings and strained relationships if the company goes under. Business owners who want to minimize these risks may consider external funding.

External funding includes:

• Small business loans
• Small business grants
• Angel investors
• Venture capital
• Crowdfunding

Small businesses may have to use a combination of several sources of capital. Consider how much money is needed, how long it will take before the company can repay it and how risk-tolerant you are. No matter which source you use, plan for profit. It’s far better to take home six figures than make seven figures and only keep $80,000 of it.

Funding ideas include:

• Invoice factoring: With invoice factoring , you can sell your unpaid invoices to a third party at a discount.
• Business lines of credit: Apply for a business line of credit , which is similar to a personal line of credit. The credit limit and interest rate will be based on your business’s revenue, credit score and financial history.
• Equipment financing: If you need to purchase expensive equipment for your business, you can finance it with a loan or lease.
• Small Business Administration (SBA) microloans: Microloans are up to $50,000 loans that can be used for working capital, inventory or supplies and machinery or equipment.
• Grants: The federal government offers grants for businesses that promote innovation, export growth or are located in historically disadvantaged areas. You can also find grants through local and regional organizations.
• Crowdfunding: With crowdfunding , you can raise money from a large group of people by soliciting donations or selling equity in your company.

Choose the right funding source for your business by considering the amount of money you need, the time frame for repayment and your tolerance for risk.

• Best Small Business Loans
• Best Startup Business Loans
• Best Business Loans for Bad Credit
• Business Loan Calculator
• Average Business Loan Rates
• How To Get a Business Loan

You need to have insurance for your business , even if it’s a home-based business or you don’t have any employees. The type of insurance you need depends on your business model and what risks you face. You might need more than one type of policy, and you might need additional coverage as your business grows. In most states, workers’ compensation insurance is required by law if you have employees.

Work With an Agent To Get Insured

An insurance agent can help determine what coverages are appropriate for your business and find policies from insurers that offer the best rates. An independent insurance agent represents several different insurers, so they can shop around for the best rates and coverage options.

Basic Types of Business Insurance Coverage

• Liability insurance protects your business against third-party claims of bodily injury, property damage and personal injury such as defamation or false advertising.
• Property insurance covers the physical assets of your business, including your office space, equipment and inventory.
• Business interruption insurance pays for the loss of income if your business is forced to close temporarily due to a covered event such as a natural disaster.
• Product liability insurance protects against claims that your products caused bodily injury or property damage.
• Employee practices liability insurance covers claims from employees alleging discrimination, sexual harassment or other wrongful termination.
• Workers’ compensation insurance covers medical expenses and income replacement for employees who are injured on the job.
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Business tools can help make your life easier and make your business run more smoothly. The right tools can help you save time, automate tasks and make better decisions.

Consider the following tools in your arsenal:

• Accounting software : Track your business income and expenses, prepare financial statements and file taxes. Examples include QuickBooks and FreshBooks.
• Customer relationship management (CRM) software : This will help you manage your customer relationships, track sales and marketing data and automate tasks like customer service and follow-ups. Examples include Zoho CRM and monday.com.
• Project management software : Plan, execute and track projects. It can also be used to manage employee tasks and allocate resources. Examples include Airtable and ClickUp.
• Credit card processor : This will allow you to accept credit card payments from customers. Examples include Stripe and PayPal.
• Point of sale (POS) : A system that allows you to process customer payments. Some accounting software and CRM software have POS features built-in. Examples include Clover and Lightspeed.
• Virtual private network (VPN) : Provides a secure, private connection between your computer and the internet. This is important for businesses that handle sensitive data. Examples include NordVPN and ExpressVPN.
• Merchant services : When customers make a purchase, the money is deposited into your business account. You can also use merchant services to set up recurring billing or subscription payments. Examples include Square and Stripe.
• Email hosting : This allows you to create a professional email address with your own domain name. Examples include G Suite and Microsoft Office 365.

Many business owners spend so much money creating their products that there isn’t a marketing budget by the time they’ve launched. Alternatively, they’ve spent so much time developing the product that marketing is an afterthought.

Create a Website

Even if you’re a brick-and-mortar business, a web presence is essential. Creating a website doesn’t take long, either—you can have one done in as little as a weekend. You can make a standard informational website or an e-commerce site where you sell products online. If you sell products or services offline, include a page on your site where customers can find your locations and hours. Other pages to add include an “About Us” page, product or service pages, frequently asked questions (FAQs), a blog and contact information.

Optimize Your Site for SEO

After getting a website or e-commerce store, focus on optimizing it for search engines (SEO). This way, when a potential customer searches for specific keywords for your products, the search engine can point them to your site. SEO is a long-term strategy, so don’t expect a ton of traffic from search engines initially—even if you’re using all the right keywords.

Create Relevant Content

Provide quality digital content on your site that makes it easy for customers to find the correct answers to their questions. Content marketing ideas include videos, customer testimonials, blog posts and demos. Consider content marketing one of the most critical tasks on your daily to-do list. This is used in conjunction with posting on social media.

Get Listed in Online Directories

Customers use online directories like Yelp, Google My Business and Facebook to find local businesses. Some city halls and chambers of commerce have business directories too. Include your business in as many relevant directories as possible. You can also create listings for your business on specific directories that focus on your industry.

Develop a Social Media Strategy

Your potential customers are using social media every day—you need to be there too. Post content that’s interesting and relevant to your audience. Use social media to drive traffic back to your website where customers can learn more about what you do and buy your products or services.

You don’t necessarily need to be on every social media platform available. However, you should have a presence on Facebook and Instagram because they offer e-commerce features that allow you to sell directly from your social media accounts. Both of these platforms have free ad training to help you market your business.

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To scale your business, you need to grow your customer base and revenue. This can be done by expanding your marketing efforts, improving your product or service, collaborating with other creators or adding new products or services that complement what you already offer.

Think about ways you can automate or outsource certain tasks so you can focus on scaling the business. For example, if social media marketing is taking up too much of your time, consider using a platform such as Hootsuite to help you manage your accounts more efficiently. You can also consider outsourcing the time-consumer completely.

You can also use technology to automate certain business processes, including accounting, email marketing and lead generation. Doing this will give you more time to focus on other aspects of your business.

When scaling your business, it’s important to keep an eye on your finances and make sure you’re still profitable. If you’re not making enough money to cover your costs, you need to either reduce your expenses or find ways to increase your revenue.

Build a Team

As your business grows, you’ll need to delegate tasks and put together a team of people who can help you run the day-to-day operations. This might include hiring additional staff, contractors or freelancers.

Resources for building a team include:

• Hiring platforms: To find the right candidates, hiring platforms, such as Indeed and Glassdoor, can help you post job descriptions, screen résumés and conduct video interviews.
• Job boards: Job boards such as Craigslist and Indeed allow you to post open positions for free.
• Social media: You can also use social media platforms such as LinkedIn and Facebook to find potential employees.
• Freelance platforms: Using Upwork, Freelancer and Fiverr can help you find talented freelancers for one-time or short-term projects. You can also outsource certain tasks, such as customer service, social media marketing or bookkeeping.

You might also consider partnering with other businesses in your industry. For example, if you’re a wedding planner, you could partner with a florist, photographer, catering company or venue. This way, you can offer your customers a one-stop shop for all their wedding needs. Another example is an e-commerce store that partners with a fulfillment center. This type of partnership can help you save money on shipping and storage costs, and it can also help you get your products to your customers faster.

To find potential partnerships, search for businesses in your industry that complement what you do. For example, if you’re a web designer, you could partner with a digital marketing agency.

You can also search for businesses that serve the same target market as you but offer different products or services. For example, if you sell women’s clothing, you could partner with a jewelry store or a hair salon.

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To rank the best states to start a business in 2024, Forbes Advisor analyzed 18 key metrics across five categories to determine which states are the best and worst to start a business in. Our ranking takes into consideration factors that impact businesses and their ability to succeed, such as business costs, business climate, economy, workforce and financial accessibility in each state. Check out the full report .

Starting a small business takes time, effort and perseverance. But if you’re willing to put in the work, it can be a great way to achieve your dreams and goals. Be sure to do your research, create a solid business plan and pivot along the way. Once you’re operational, don’t forget to stay focused and organized so you can continue to grow your business.

How do I start a small business with no money?

There are several funding sources for brand-new businesses and most require a business plan to secure it. These include the SBA , private grants, angel investors, crowdfunding and venture capital.

What is the best business structure?

The best business structure for your business will depend entirely on what kind of company you form, your industry and what you want to accomplish. But any successful business structure will be one that will help your company set realistic goals and follow through on set tasks.

Do I need a business credit card?

You don’t need one, but a business credit card can be helpful for new small businesses. It allows you to start building business credit, which can help you down the road when you need to take out a loan or line of credit. Additionally, business credit cards often come with rewards and perks that can save you money on business expenses.

Do I need a special license or permit to start a small business?

The answer to this question will depend on the type of business you want to start and where you’re located. Some businesses, such as restaurants, will require a special permit or license to operate. Others, such as home daycare providers, may need to register with the state.

How much does it cost to create a business?

The cost of starting a business will vary depending on the size and type of company you want to create. For example, a home-based business will be less expensive to start than a brick-and-mortar store. Additionally, the cost of starting a business will increase if you need to rent or buy commercial space, hire employees or purchase inventory. You could potentially get started for free by dropshipping or selling digital goods.

How do I get a loan for a new business?

The best way to get a loan for a new business is to approach banks or other financial institutions and provide them with a business plan and your financial history. You can also look into government-backed loans, such as those offered by the SBA. Startups may also be able to get loans from alternative lenders, including online platforms such as Kiva.

Do I need a business degree to start a business?

No, you don’t need a business degree to start a business. However, acquiring a degree in business or a related field can provide you with the understanding and ability to run an effective company. Additionally, you may want to consider taking some business courses if you don’t have a degree to learn more about starting and running a business. You can find these online and at your local Small Business Administration office.

What are some easy businesses to start?

One of the easiest businesses to start also has the lowest overhead: selling digital goods. This can include items such as e-books, online courses, audio files or software. If you have expertise in a particular area or niche, this is a great option for you. Dropshipping is also a great option because you don’t have to keep inventory. You could also buy wholesale products or create your own. Once you create your product, you can sell it through your own website or third-party platforms such as Amazon or Etsy.

What is the most profitable type of business?

There is no one answer to this question because the most profitable type of business will vary depending on a number of factors, such as your industry, location, target market and business model. However, some businesses tend to be more profitable than others, such as luxury goods, high-end services, business-to-business companies and subscription-based businesses. If you’re not sure what type of business to start, consider your strengths and interests, as well as the needs of your target market, to help you choose a profitable business idea.

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Katherine Haan is a small business owner with nearly two decades of experience helping other business owners increase their incomes.

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Tesla Will Lay Off More Than 10% of Workers

Along with the departure of two senior executives, the cuts added to signs of turmoil at the electric car company.

By Jack Ewing

Signs of turmoil at Tesla multiplied on Monday after the electric car company told employees it would lay off more than 10 percent of the work force to cut costs and two senior executives resigned.

The job cuts, amounting to about 14,000 people, come as the company faces increasing competition and declining sales. The management changes and layoffs are a reminder of the unpredictability of Elon Musk, Tesla’s chief executive, at a critical time for the company.

Mr. Musk has not outlined a plan to reverse a decline in car sales, and he appears focused on long-shot ventures such as a self-driving taxi, rather than new models that would help Tesla compete with cars being introduced by established carmakers and new rivals from China.

“As we prepare the company for the next phase of growth, it is extremely important to look at every aspect of the company for cost reductions and increasing productivity,” Mr. Musk told employees in a Monday morning email, a copy of which was reviewed by The New York Times.

“There is nothing I hate more, but it must be done,” he wrote.

Hours after that email, Drew Baglino, a senior vice president who has played a big role in the company’s rise from start-up to dominant electric car maker, said he had resigned.

“I made the difficult decision to move on from Tesla after 18 years yesterday,” Mr. Baglino said in a post on X, the social media site. Mr. Baglino is one of only three managers besides Mr. Musk listed as a top executive on the company’s website . His longevity was unusual at a company known for high management turnover.

Mr. Baglino may have been blamed for some of Tesla’s recent troubles, said Gary Black, managing partner of the Future Fund, an investment firm. “Someone has to take the fall for the sharp deceleration in deliveries growth, near record inventories, and declining margins and it wasn’t going to be Elon,” Mr. Black said on X.

Tesla also appeared to be losing an executive key to winning regulatory approval for self-driving technology. Rohan Patel, a former aide to President Barack Obama who was Tesla’s head of policy and business development, tacitly confirmed reports that he was leaving. In a post on X, Mr. Patel thanked his co-workers and Mr. Musk for “the past eight years at Tesla.”

“My plans are to be a recess monitor for my second grade daughter, practice my violin, go to a bunch of bucket list sporting events and take my very patient wife on some long intended travel,” Mr. Patel said.

Investors often welcome job cuts because they can lead to higher profits. But that was not the case Monday, with Tesla shares ending the day down more than 5 percent.

Tesla regularly culls its work force to remove employees whose performance managers consider weak, but the numbers are typically smaller. “This is something Elon and Tesla have consistently done throughout his career,” said Scott Acheychek, chief executive of REX Shares, which offers funds investors use to bet on or against Tesla’s stock. “Ten percent is pretty big,” Mr. Acheychek added.

Mr. Musk’s email to employees was earlier reported by Electrek, an online news site, and Handelsblatt, a German business newspaper.

Mr. Musk did not indicate where the cuts would be made. Many of Tesla’s workers are based at four large car factories in Fremont, Calif., Austin, Texas, and Shanghai and near Berlin. Tesla also has a factory in Buffalo that produces charging equipment and a factory near Reno, Nev., that makes batteries.

The layoffs may help the United Automobile Workers union’s efforts to organize Tesla employees in the United States. The company’s workers may be more open to the union if they believe that representation would give them greater job security. Workers at a Volkswagen factory in Tennessee will vote this week on joining the U.A.W., and Mercedes-Benz workers in Alabama will vote next month.

Mr. Musk’s many other ventures, and his penchant for making polarizing political statements, have raised questions about his focus on managing Tesla. Wall Street is increasingly concerned about the company: Tesla’s share price has lost about one-third of its value this year.

Many investors had expressed hope that Tesla would revive flagging sales by introducing a car that would sell for about $25,000 as early as next year, increasing the number of people who could afford the company’s cars and responding to competition from Chinese companies that are already selling electric cars for as little as half that price tag.

Mr. Musk cast doubt on those plans by announcing this month that Tesla would unveil a Robotaxi in August. The self-driving taxi is seen as a long shot, in part because even the most advanced systems available today sometimes make glaring mistakes. In addition, federal and state regulators will have to sign off before Tesla can put such taxis on the road.

This month, Tesla reported a decline in sales that caught investors off guard . The company said it delivered 387,000 cars worldwide in the first quarter, down 8.5 percent from the year before. It was the first time Tesla’s quarterly sales had fallen on a year over year basis since the start of the pandemic in 2020.

The company slashed prices significantly over the course of 2023 to increase demand, which has reduced the profit Tesla makes on each car. Last week, Tesla reduced the price of its most advanced driver-assistance software to $99 a month from $199. But price cuts appear to be losing their effectiveness. Tesla will announce its financial results for the first quarter on April 23.

Rivals like BYD of China, BMW of Germany, and Kia and Hyundai Motor of South Korea reported increases in electric vehicle sales for the same period, suggesting that slower overall demand for battery-powered models was not the only explanation for Tesla’s problems.

Established companies are closing the gap with Tesla on battery technology, and have been building new assembly lines to achieve the cost savings made possible by mass production. Honda plans to begin producing electric vehicles at a factory in Marysville, Ohio, next year.

Hyundai will begin producing electric cars at a new factory in Georgia in October, José Muñoz, the president and global chief operating officer of Hyundai Motor, said in an interview last month. Hyundai will also begin allowing customers to buy cars on Amazon, an answer to Tesla’s practice of selling cars online.

Mr. Muñoz said that customers had been willing to pay more for Hyundai electric cars than they would for comparable Teslas. “At the beginning, Tesla was premium,” he said. “Now we’re premium .”

Jason Karaian and Melissa Eddy contributed reporting.

Jack Ewing writes about the auto industry with an emphasis on electric vehicles. More about Jack Ewing

The World of Elon Musk

The billionaire’s portfolio includes the world’s most valuable automaker, an innovative rocket company and plenty of drama..

Tesla: Signs of turmoil at the electric car company multiplied after Tesla told employees it would lay off more than 10% of its work force . The cuts come Tesla faces increasing competition and declining sales .

SpaceX: President Biden wants companies that use American airspace for rocket launches to start paying taxes into a federal fund  that finances the work of air traffic controllers.

Business With China : Tesla and China built a symbiotic relationship that made Elon Musk ultrarich. Now, his reliance on the country may give Beijing leverage .  

The Musk Foundation: After making billions in tax-deductible donations to his charity, Musk has failed recently to donate the minimum required to justify a tax break  — and what he did give often supported his interests.

OpenAI: Musk, who helped found the A.I. start-up in 2015, has filed a lawsuit  accusing the company and its chief executive  of breaching a contract  by putting profits and commercial interests ahead of the public good.

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